were then asked to sit in one of the three rooms and rate several pictures of people's faces. The results indicated that the environment has a significant effect on the way people rated the faces. Subjects in the beautiful room gave the pictures higher rates than did subjects in the ugly room. In addition, subjects in the ugly room found the task more unpleasant and boring than did subjects in the beautiful room. Subjects assigned to the ugly room attempted to leave sooner than did subjects assigned to the beautiful room.
Color is one environmental factor that can affect your mood and even your ability to concentrate. One researcher concluded that the most pleasant colors, listed in order of preference, were blue, green, purple, red and yellow. The colors listed from most to least arousing were red, orange, yellow, violet, blue, and green.
Lighting also affects behavior. Elegant restaurants with dim lighting create a mood of intimacy（亲密）that encourages conversation. The bright lights of an office or classroom, on the other hand, arouse and stimulate thinking.
Room decoration, color, lighting, and even music and temperature all influence communication with others; but there is no all-purpose environment. The ideal environment depends on the task that will be performed as well as on the needs and expectations of those present. The same environmental factors that encourage lively conversation and dancing at a New Year's Eve party cannot be expected to create a serene climate in which to study for final exams.
44. Paragraph 1 shows that subjects in the ugly room tend to be______.
A. less patient B. less considerate C. more enthusiastic D. more confident
45. Which color is the most helpful for keeping a good mood?
A. Green. B. Blue. C. Orange. D. Red.
46. What effect can dim lights of an eating environment bring about?
A. Arousing active thinking. B. Improving work efficiency.
C. Creating a tense atmosphere D. Stimulating talks among people.
47. The underlined word \
A. serious and grave B. calm and peaceful C. pleasant and friendly D. cold and indifferent
Passage Four
There is nothing more possible than a new hip or knee that can put the spring back in your step. Patients receiving joint implants(移植)often are able to resume many of the physical activities they love, even those as vigorous as tennis and hiking. No wonder, then, that joint replacement is growing in popularity.
In the United States in 2007, surgeons performed about 806, 000 hip and knee implants (the joints most commonly replaced), double the number performed a decade earlier. Though these procedures have become routine, they are not failure free.
Implants must sometimes be replaced, said Dr. Henrik Malchau , an orthopaedic surgeon (矫形外科医生) at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. A study published in 2007 found that 7 percent of hips implanted in Medicare patients had to be replaced within seven and a half years.
The percentage may sound low, but the finding suggests that thousands of hip patients
eventually require a second operation, said Dr. Malchau. Those patients must endure additional recoveries, often painful, and increased medical expenses.
The failure rate should be lower, many experts-agree. Sweden, for instance, has a failure rate estimated to be a third of that in the United States. Sweden also has a national joint replacement registry, a database of information from which surgeons can learn how and why certain procedures go wrong. A registry also helps surgeons learn quickly whether a specific type of implant is particularly problematic. \been able to reduce failure rates
Significantly,\said Dr. Daniel Berry, chief of orthopaedic surgery at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn.
A newly formed American Joint Replacement Registry will begin gathering data from hospitals in the next 12 to 18 months. It's good news for those who are considering replacing a knee or hip.
48. What is the problem with hip or knee replacements in the U. S. ?
A. A lot of patients need a second operation.
B. Doctors are not well trained to ensure successful operations. C. Demands for hip replacement exceed the number of surgeons.
D. Replacement operation is becoming too expensive in U. S. hospitals. 49. Why does Sweden have a lower rate of hip implant failure?
A. Sweden has more advanced technology. B. Sweden has a patient data collecting system. C. Sweden has a much larger number of patients. D. Swedish doctors are more responsible and skilful.
50. The U. S. is trying to reduce joint replacement failure rate by_____..
A. strictly controlling the number of replacement operations B. asking hospitals to follow up each case for 12 -18 months C. setting up a national joins replacement database D. sending doctors to be trained in Sweden
51. People who need a new knee or hip would possibly feel_____. about data gathering in the
U. S.
A. indifferent B. assured C. puzzled D. hopeful
Passage Five
The Saturday Evening Post \symbolic of the reading fare of middle-class America\重振) the Post on the proposition that a man's chief interest in life is the fight for .livelihood-business. Fiction and articles about romantic business and successful businessmen filled its pages, and products backed by .its advertisements directed at the needs and desires of the business world. The general interest weekly reached new audiences. Its conservative viewpoint and strong admiration for material success appealed to the tastes of the millions who settled in an easy chair with it each Thursday evening. As a more commercial, mass-circulation magazine than The New Yorker, the widely readable Post set out to interpret America to itself.
As a national and international institution, The Saturday Evening Post made its mark in the lives of massive numbers of men and women, and served society as a stabilizing influence. Its editorial matter addressed the problems and interests of the readers as never before.
Neither highbrow nor lowbrow, the Post set out to interpret average middle-class America, for that was its audience. However, this magazine lost touch with the mood of the American people in the 1930s. The Post's editor Lorimer, opposed Roosevelt and the New Deal and changed his magazine from an organ of entertainment and enlightenment into a weapon of political warfare. He believed that in opposing the New Deal he had spoken for the majority of voters, but the 1936 election proved him wrong. His conservatism extended beyond politics, it dominated the magazine’s content and style causing a decline in reputation and authority. The Post met its greatest success when it went beyond the tastes of the masses, challenging its readers to acknowledge the genius of contributors such as F. Scott Fitzgerald and William Faulkner. It was later reformed in an effort to fulfill its responsibility to awaken lethargic（昏昏欲睡的）America, however, The Saturday Evening Post seemed to play to conventions while The New Yorker took off to redefine the character of American Humor. 52. According to Paragraph 1, who are primarily the readers of the Post?
A. Businessmen. B. College students. C. Housewives. D. Politicians.
53. What is the earliest time that readers can read the Post every week？
A. Monday. B. Thursday. C. Saturday. D. Sunday.
54. Why did the Post lose much of its audience in the 1930's?
A. It changed its original style and was heavily involved in politics. B. Readers couldn't afford a newspaper because of the Depression. C. The new editor was not interested in Roosevelt's politics. D. It failed to absorb sufficient advertisements. 55. What makes the Post so commercially successful?
A. Presenting American style humor. B. Sticking to the tastes of the middle class.
C. Carrying articles and novels by local writers. D. Staying in close contact with the business world.
V. Daily Conversation (15 points)
Directions: Pick out appropriate expressions from the eight choices below and complete the
following dialogues by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. A. When do you need it B. Do you have any available C. What do you mean D. May I come over tomorrow to take a look E. Can I leave a message F. Can you give me the details about it G. that's probably it H. that's exactly what you want Sarah: Hello. I'm calling to rent an apartment you advertised. Manager: Yes. What kind of apartment are you interested in?
Sarah: I' m interested in a one-bedroom apartment. 56? Manager: Yes, I have one. 57？
Sarah: Sometime around next week. 58 ?
Manager: Well, it's a one-bedroom apartment. The monthly rent is $650, with a $300 security
deposit. You pay electricity only. Gas and water is included. You can use a sheltered parking space at no extra charge. And ... 59 Sarah: Sounds good. 60 ?
Manager: Sure. See you tomorrow then.
第II卷(非选择题，共25分)
VI. Writing (25 points)
Directions: For this part, you are supposed to write a letter in English in 100 - 120 words
based on the following situation. Remember to write it clearly.
61.请以低碳生活(a low carbon life)为主题写一篇100-120词的短文，内容包括: ·流行低碳生活的背景(如:极端气候、各种灾害、环境污染等) ; ·实施低碳生活的若干方式(如家庭生活、工作学习、外出旅行中的节约行为等) ; .低碳生活带来的积极影响。
参考答案及解析
I. Phonetics (5 points, one point each) 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D
II. Vocabulary and Structure ( 15 points, one point each )
6.C 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.D 11.B 12.C 13.A14.C 15.C 16.D 17.A 18.D 19.A 20.B
6【解析】考查动词的时态。句意:—你曾经打过桥牌吗?—打过。在大学里我们常常在周末打桥牌。 Used to do sth。过去常常干某事，符合题意。
7.【解析】考查词组词义辨析。put...off推迟，搪塞;cut...off中断，切断; keep.. .off 使不发生;
get...off使逃脱 惩罚，使人睡。B符合题意。
8.【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这则关于新能源开发的报纸标题吸引了他的注意力，他
对投资于新能源开发感兴趣。give/pay attention to都表示\注意......\; catch one' s attention表示\引起某人注意\，符合题意。
9.【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:实验完成了，汤姆和玛丽开始着手写实验结果报告。此处experiment与 do之间为被动关系，且表示完成时态，故只有A符合题意。
10.【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。exact精确的; entire全部的，整个的; definite明确的，确
实的;complete完整的，全部的。这里表示\到处杂乱不堪\，complete符合题意。
11.【解析】考查句子的语序。在宾语从句中，若从句中有疑问词，则疑问词位于句首，后跟
陈述句语序，B 符合题意。
12.【解析】考查比较级的修饰语。选项中只有far可以修饰比较级fewer，故C符合题意。 13. 【解析】考查主谓一致。在either ... or.，连接两个主语的结构中，谓语动词依据邻近原则进行选择。此处应根据主语“I”来选择谓语，且此处为一般现在时，只有A符合题意。 14.【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们认为,犯罪问题的根源是贫困和失业问题。solution解决（方法）；fact事实；reason和cause都表示“原因”，但cause是指会产生结果的某种原因，而reason是为一种行为所作的解释或辩解的借口。所以，cause符合题意。
15.【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：—因为我的车坏了，我昨天晚上没去上课。一一你本可以借我的车的，我昨天晚上不用。此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，故应用“would/could＋过去分词”的形式。
16. 【解析】考查词组词义辨析。Make off匆忙逃走，溜掉；make up捏造，编造。此处表示“编造理由”，D符合题意。
17. 【解析】考查虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。在suggest, demand, insist等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词应为\十动词原形”，should可省略，A符合题意。
18. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。your views与know为被动关系，且make sth. done为一个固定用法，所以make your views known（让你的观点为人所知）符合题意。
19. 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我还没来得及多说些什么，福尔摩斯已冲向了门口。Before在……之前；after在……之后；when当……的时候；as当……的时候，因为。A符合题意。
20. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。pandas与live为主动关系living符合题意。 班．
III. Close (30 points, two points each)
21. A 22.B 23.B 24.C 25.A 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. D 31.B 32. C 33.D 34. C 35．A
21. 【解析】response反应，一般指对刺激的一种本能反应；reflection反映，指从现象反映出的本质。“脸红”应是一种response. 22．【解析】forbid禁止;force强制，迫使；encourage鼓励；prevent阻止，阻挡。Force sb．to do sth.迫使某人做某事，符合题意。
23. 【解析】这里指“尽管所有的人都会脸红，但动物不会”,while尽管，符合题意。 24. 【解析】at a Loss为固定搭配，意为“困惑，不知所措”，符合题意。 25. 【解析】suggestion提议，建议，启示；advice劝告，忠告，意见;solution解决（办法）;question间题。此处suggestion符合题意。
26【解析】此处意为：随着我们的社会关系越来越复杂……。increasingly越来越多地，符合题意。
27. 【解析】moods心情，情绪；senses理智，理性；emotions感情；tempers脾气，性情。从后面所列举的例子“guilt，shame and embarrassment”可知，这是一种emotions。 28. 【解析】这里指“脸红可能使人看起来更有吸引力”，attractive有吸引力的，引人注目的，符合题意。
29. 【解析】note注意；provide提供；assume很定，承担；hope希望。根据句意，A符合题盒。
30. 【解析】assure保证，确保;approve赞同，支持;confirm证实;demonstrate表示，表明。根据句意，Ｄ符合题意。
31. 【解析】根据句意，with和····一起，符合题意。 32. 【解析】此处意为“你从来不能明白他想要什么”，tell分辨，辨别，符合题意。 33. 【解析】unite合并，联合；be related to表示“与……有关系”，contact表示“联系”时为及物动词；be associated with把……与……联系在一起。Ｄ符合题意。 34. 【解析】此处应为比较级，可排除B、D两项，且此处表示“可能性小”，故less，符合题意。
35. 【解析】ashamed内疚的，惭愧的; disappointed失望的; satisfied满意的;pleased高兴的。
根据句意，A符合题意。
IV. Reading Comprehension (60 points, three points each)
36.B 37.D 38.C 39.C 40.B 41.C 42.D 43.C 44.A 45.B 46.D 47.B 48.A 49.B 50.C 51.D 52.A 53.B 54.A 55.B
2011年成考专升本英语试题及答案解析
