9B Unit 4 Great people Grammar
第一部分 简要提示
一、年级：九年级
二、教学内容：9B Unit 4 Great People 三、课型：语法课 四、教学目标
1. 知识目标
1) 掌握定语从句的定义。 2) 掌握定语从句关系代词的用法。 2. 能力目标
1) 能够运用定语从句转述信息。 2) 能够运用定语从句描述适当情境。 五、教学重难点
1.重点：定语从句结构。
2.难点：定语从句关系代词的用法。
第二部分 教学流程
用时：15钟
Step 1 Defining relative clauses Part one Lead-in
T: Hello, everyone! First please look at the picture. Who is he? S:
T: All right. He is Neil Armstrong.
1. Neil Armstrong is the person who walked on the moon.
2. There are reports that say Armstrong and Aldrin saw alien spacecraft.
3. It is said that Neil Armstrong sent a message to Mission Control which said that two huge, strange objects landed near them and were watching them.
T: These sentences are defining relative clauses. In the first sentence, ‘who walked on the moon’ identifies the noun ‘the person’. In the second sentence, ‘that say Armstrong and Aldrin saw alien spacecraft’ identifies the noun ‘reports’. In the third sentence, ‘which said that two huge, strange objects landed near them and were watching them’ identifies the noun ‘a message’. So a defining relative clause identifies the noun before it. We can use ‘who’, ‘which’ or ‘that’ in defining relative clauses.
Part Two Practice
T: Now turn to Page 64. Let’s read the conversation between Kitty and Peter and decide whether they are using defining relative clauses. Please underline the defining relative clauses. Peter: Which great people have you decided to write about?
Kitty: I may write about Christopher Columbus. Do you think that he’s the greatest explorer in the
world?
Peter: Yes, I think so. He’s the person who discovered America.
Kitty: How about you? Tell me the person who you want to write about.
Peter: I’m going to write about Pelé. I believe that he’s the best football player that I’ve ever
known.
Kitty: Yes, I think he is great. Have you found the information which you need for your article? Peter: Not yet, but I’ve found a website that gives a detailed introduction to Columbus. It’ll be
very helpful.
T: Let’s check the answers.
1. He’s the person who discovered America.
‘who discovered America’ identifies the noun ‘the person’. 2. Tell me the person who you want to write about.
‘who you want to write about’ identifies the noun ‘the person’. 3. I believe that he’s the best football player that I’ve ever known. ‘that I’ve ever known’ identifies the noun ‘the best football player’. 4 Have you found the information which you need for your article? ‘which you need for your article’ identifies the noun ‘the information’.
Step 2 Relative pronouns
Part One Lead-in
T: We know we can use ‘who’, ‘which’ or ‘that’ in defining relative clauses. Please fill in the
brackets using relative pronouns T: All right.
1. Neil Armstrong is the person that walked on the moon.
We can also say, Neil Armstrong is the person who walked on the moon. 2. There are reports that say Armstrong and Aldrin saw alien spacecraft. There are reports which say Armstrong and Aldrin saw alien spacecraft.
T: Why do we use that or who in the first sentence? Why do we use that or which in the second sentence? S:
T: Excellent. Because we use ‘who’ or ‘that’ to refer to people and we use ‘which’ or ‘that’ to refer to things. Relative Pronoun people Things who √
which √ that √ √
T: Please use the correct relative pronouns to fill in the brackets. 1. SARS is a terrible disease that/which killed many people. ‘a terrible disease’ refers to things.
2. Yao Ming that/who plays in NBA is a famous sportsman. ‘Yao Ming’ refers to people.
3. ‘Harry Potter’ is a good film that/which many children like. ‘a good film’ refers to things.
Part Two Practice A
T: Now let’s look at Page 65, Help Daniel complete his notes with relative pronouns. ? The place that / which Bruce Lee was born in was San Francisco.
? The person who / that took Bruce to stage when Bruce was only three months old was his father.
? The first film that Bruce acted in was made in 1946.
? Master Yip Man was the person who / that taught Bruce Kung fu. ? ‘Game of Death’ was the last film that Bruce acted in.
T: Why do we use ‘that’ only in the third and fifth sentences? S:
T: All right. Because in defining relative clauses, we use relative pronouns ‘that’ only if the nouns are modified by ‘the first’, ‘the last’ or the superlatives of adjectives. Look at the following sentences.
1) This is the best that has been used against air pollution in cities.
2) English is the most difficult subject that you’ll learn during these years. 3) He is the last person that I want to see.
4) It is the first American movie of this kind that I’ve ever seen.
Practice B
Let’s read a passage about famous people on Page 67 and find out the wrong relative pronouns, then correct them. Add relative pronouns if they are missing.
Millie: Hi, Daniel. The computer who (that) I bought last year isn’t working properly! Daniel: You should take it back. The people which (who) sold it to you should repair it. Millie: Ok, I’ll do that tomorrow. What are you doing now?
Daniel: I’m looking at a website about Bruce Lee, my favourite actor.
Millie: Oh, he was the actor (who / that) was very good at kung fu. He was one of the famous people which (who / that) Mr. Wu mentioned yesterday.
Daniel: Yes. I think he’s great. His films were very successful and are still popular today. Have
you found the information about famous people who (which / that) you can use for the presentation?
Millie: I’m looking for information about famous scientists. Do you know the famous American scientist which (who) invented over 1,000 things? Daniel: Do you mean Thomas Edison?
Millie: Yes. He invented the light bulb (which / that) brings light to nearly every home in the world.
Daniel: That’s amazing. Did you find out about other scientists which (who / that) you can talk about ?
2
Millie: Yes, I did. Have you heard of the person which (who / that) worked out E=mc？
Daniel: Yes, I have. That’s Albert Einstein. He was the great scientist (who / that) had funny hair.
Practice C
Please join the two sentences with relative pronouns to make defining relative clauses. 1) The building is our school. The building stands by the river.
The building which / that stands by the river is our school.
2)The woman is speaking at the meeting. The woman is my mother.
The woman who / that is speaking at the meeting is my mother.
3) I am reading a book. He gave it to me for my birthday present last week.
I am reading a book that / which he gave to me for my birthday present last week. 4) My favourite film star is Jack Chen. He has acted in many action films.
My favourite film star is Jack Chen that / who has acted in many action films. 5) I love this city. My parents took me to this city last summer holidays.
I love this city that / which my parents took me to last summer holidays. 6) The ice-cream is very delicious. I ate it in Beijing.
The ice-cream that / which I ate in Beijing is very delicious.
Practice D
Please help Millie rearrange the words and add the correct relative pronouns to form correct sentences on Page 66.
1) Einstein / is / Germany / The country / was born in
The country which / that Einstein was born in is Germany. 2) the theory of relativity / The person / developed / Einstein / is
The people who / that developed the theory of relativity is Einstein. 3) Maths and Physics / The subjects / Einstein / studied / were
The subjects which / that Einstein studied were Maths and Physics. 4) worked with / Einstein / very much / The scientists / admired him
The scientists who / that worked with Einstein admired him very much. 5) The award / was / Einstein / the Nobel Prize / received
The award which / that Einstein received was the Nobel Prize. 6) Einstein / The equation / is / E=mc2 / worked out
The equation which / that Einstein worked out is E=mc2.
7) the university / Einstein worked in / after / he moved to / Princeton university / the USA /was Princeton university was the university that / which Einstein worked in after he moved to the
USA.
8) was / the greatest scientists / Einstein / one of / lived / in the twentieth century Einstein was one of the greatest scientists who / that lived in the twentieth century. 9) made to / The contribution / Einstein / unique / modern physics / is
The contribution which / that Einstein made to modern physics is unique.
Step 3 Homework
Do exercises about defining relative clauses in your workbook.
第三部分 说明
本课时是9B Unit 4的Grammar。教师可以结合本单元熟悉的话题Neil Armstrong来导入定语从句，使学生容易理解和接受。在讲授关系代词的时候，教师可以引导学生自己通过例句总结它的用法和规则，同时可以围绕本单元‘Great People’这个主题来创设合理的情景加以巩固操练。
Additional Exercises
1. Multiple Choices
1) The man ____ is standing over there is our Maths teacher. A whom B who C which D he 2) The scientist ____ you wish to see has come already. A he B him C which D who
3) A dictionary is a book ______ gives us the meaning of words. A which B who C whom D where
4) I will forget the first day _______ we spent together. A when B which C that D on which
5) We like those people _______ think more about others than themselves. A whom B which C who D what
6) This is the most beautiful park _____ I have ____ visited.
A which, ever B that, never C which , yet D that, ever
2. Translation
1) 他居住的房子是20年前建造的.
2) 我们昨天拜访的那位妇女是著名的科学家. 3) 坐在电脑旁工作的年轻人是我的哥哥. 4) 这是我们所看过的最精彩的篮球比赛 5) 看看那正在游泳的男孩和小鸭子. 6) 这就是我们正在寻找的那本书. 7) 看电视的那二位是她的父母.
8) 这是我们上周在电视上看到的那个音乐家吗? 9) 那位医治我祖父的医生在我们城里很出名. 10) 站在这里的那妇女看见了所发生的事. 11) 他是个热爱动物的人.
12) 有一位著名的科学家写了许多关于动物的书.
T: According to today’s lesson, I hope you’ll know defining relative clauses better. I hope this lesson can help you. Thank you very much!
Keys to homework
1. B D A C C D
2 1) The house which / that he lives in was built 20 years ago.
2) The woman (who/ that )we visited yesterday is a famous scientist. 3) The young man who is working at the computer is my brother. 4) It is the most exciting match that I have ever seen. 5) Look at the boy and the little duck that are swimming. 6) This is the book that / which we are looking for.
7) The two people who / that are watching TV are her parents. 8) Is this the musician who/ that we saw on TV last week?
9) The doctor who treated/ treats my grandfather is very famous in town. 10) The woman who stood here saw what had happened. 11) He is the man who / that loves animals.
12) There is a famous scientist who / that has written a lot of books about animals.
全套课件 教案（牛津英语九年级下）-9bu4 grammar
