comes wrapped up three of four times in packages that all have to be disposed of; drinks are increasingly sold in bottles or tins which can’t be reused. This not only causes a litter problem, but also is a great waste of resources, in terms of glass, metal and paper. Advertising has helped this process by persuading many of us not only to buy things we neither want nor need, but also to throw away much of what we do buy. Pollution and waste combine to be a problem everyone can help to solve by cutting out unnecessary buying, excess use and careless disposal (处理) of the products we use in our daily lives.
1. The main cause of pollution is __________.
A. the release of artificial or natural substances into the environment B. the production of new industrial goods C. increased amounts of a natural substance D. our ever-increasing population
2. Much of the pollution could be controlled if only __________. A. people would pay more attention to the problem B. governments would take effective measures C. all sides concerned would make more efforts D. farmers would use less artificial fertilizers
3. Food packages, bottles and tins for drinks can cause __________. A. air and water pollution
B. both a litter problem and a waster of resources C. to pay for the service D. to produce the receipt
4. Which of the following can not help solving the problem of pollution? A. Cutting out unnecessary buying. B. Eating.
C. Reduce excess use.
D. Carefully dispose our daily products.
5. What does the underlined word “litter” mean in paragraph 2?
A. not many B. serious problem
C. bits of waste things D. industrial pollution
ACBBC
Thousands of years ago, in the middle of an ocean, miles from the nearest island, an undersea volcano broke out. The hot liquid piled higher and higher and spread wider and wider. In this way, an island rose up in the sea.
As time went on, hot sun and cool rains made the rock split and break to pieces. Sea waves dashed against the rock. In this way, soil and sand came into being.
Nothing lived on the naked soil. And then the wind and birds brought plant seeds, spiders and other little creatures there. Only plants could grow first. Only they, in sunlight, could produce food from the minerals of the soil, water and air. While many animals landed on the island, they could find no food. A spider spun its web in vain,
because there were no insects for its web to catch. Insects couldn’t stay until there were plants for them to eat. So plants had to be the pioneer life on this new island.
1. The passage centers on __________.
E. how an undersea volcano broke out F. how an island rose up in the sea G. how soil was formed on a new island
H. how life began on a volcano-produced island
2.According to the passage, the island got its first soil from __________.
A. sea waves B. the sand brought by the wind
C. its own rock D. cool rains
3.The word “naked” (in para. 3) could be replaced by which of the following? A. hidden B. new
C. mysterious D. bare
4.The order of coming into being on the island is __________. A. soil, plants and animals B. soil, little creatures and plants
C. soil, birds and plants D. soil, human beings and animals
5. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE ?
A. Spiders were the first life that could live on the island. B. The island is far away from any piece of land. C. Insects could not live on the island without plants. D. Plants were brought to the island by human being. DCDAC
In the last 500 years, nothing about people – not their clothes, ideas, or languages – has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500’s. And although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In London shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.
The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the“Potato Famine”of 1845-6, and thousands more were forced to emigrate to America.
There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the World’s largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400’s.
According to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered when a goatherd name Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the “wide-awake” feeling that one-third of the world’s population now starts the day with.
1. According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years?
A. Food C. Potato
B. Chocolate D. Coffee 2. “Some” in “Some still exist today” means _________.
A. some cocoa trees C. some shops
B. some chocolate drinks D. some South American Indians 3. Thousands of Irish people starved during the “Potato Famine” because _________.
A. they were so dependent on the potato that they refused to eat anything else B. they were forced to emigrate to America
C. the weather conditions in Ireland were not suitable for growing the potato
D. the potato harvest was bad
4. Coffee originally came from_________.
A. Brazil B. Colombia
C. Ethiopia D. Arabia
5. The Arabic legend is used to prove that _________. A. coffee was first discovered by Kaldi
B. coffee was first discovered by Kaldi’s goats
C. coffee was first discovered in south American countries D. coffee drinks were first made by Arabs ACDCD
Crime Prevention Initiatives
The chances that you will be a victim of violent crime are low. But you can avoid risk in the following ways. AT HOME
? You should make sure your house or flat is secure. Always lock the door from the inside at night, but you must keep the key nearby, so that you can use it to get out quickly if there is a fire.
? You must never give keys to workmen as they can easily make copies.
? If you wake up and hear a burglar, stay quietly in bed. Pretend you are asleep. If you feel more confident, switch on the light and make a lot of noise; even if you are on your own you should call out loudly to an imaginary companion, so that the burglar thinks you are not alone and runs away. You should have a phone or a mobile in your bedroom to alert the police immediately.
? If you come home and think you see signs of a break-in, you shouldn’t go
in, the burglar may be inside. You should go to a neighbour and call the police. ON THE STREET At night:
? Always walk facing the traffic, so that a car cannot pull up behind you. ? You mustn’t go through parks or woods.
? If you think someone is following you, cross the road one or two times. If he or she continues to follow you, go to a pub or other public place.
? Always carry your bag close to you, but carry your house keys in your pocket so that you can open the door quickly. If someone attacks you - remember your safety is more important than your property. 1. This passage mainly focuses on ________.
A. how to avoid the crimes both at home and in the street B. where to stay if you want to be safe
C. what you should do at home if there is a burglary D. how to avoid the crime at night in the street
2. If you want to guarantee you are secure at home, you should _________. A. always lock the door and put the key in a secret place far away from the door B. never leave the keys to workmen since they can easily make copies
C. keep silent all the time even if you are on your own when a burglar steals into your house
D. go in immediately when you suspect (怀疑) someone is breaking into your house 3. Based on the passage, if you notice someone following you, it’s better for you to _________. A. shout loudly B. go to public places
C. stop, turn around and look at him D. run quickly
4. Why should you have a telephone in the bedroom? A. Because we might use it to alert the burglary.
B. Because it’s convenient for us to talk to our friends while lying on bed.
C. Because it’s convenient for us to report to the police in case there is a burglary. D. Because it we might use it to make a phone call at midnight.
5. From the passage, we can infer that we might be victims if _________. A. we cannot part with the money when being attacked B. we always walk facing the traffic C. we don’t walk in the empty street D. we carry too much cash ABBCA
An Extraordinary Change of Direction
Molly Wilson had been a dancer and a mother for many years when she decided to sail round the world to raise money for charity.
As a child she had trained as a ballet dancer, but at 15 she had grown too tall for classical ballet, so she became a member of a pop dance team.
She got married, and after she had children she retired from show business to bring
them up. They grew up, and when they were 18 they left home.
She says, “When I decided to do the round-the-world race, my husband thought I was bored because the children had left home. He was also worried because I had never sailed before. I was not bored, but I had met some people who told me about the race.
They had taken part in it, but they had only done one section, say, from New Zealand to Australia. I wanted to do the whole ten-month journey.”
Before Molly left she did a lot of training, but it hadn’t prepared her for the worst weather which they experienced. She tells one story. “One night the sea was very rough and it was very cold. I had gone downstairs when a huge wave smashed into the boat and injured two men on the deck. One of the men couldn’t move because he had broken his leg. They were taken to hospital by helicopter. That was the worst time.”
By the end of October last year, she had raised more than ￡50,000 for charity.
She says, “Sometimes I ask myself, what did I do? How did I do it? But then I think, it’s the same as being a dancer. Before I left on the trip, I had trained hard. I had got very fit and had prepared myself completely. Then on the trip I was simply a good team member.”
1. What does the word “extraordinary” mean in the title? A. very ordinary
B. very unusual and surprising C. not special D. extreme
2. The sentence “…my husband thought I was bored …” in Para. 4 meant that my husband thought I felt_________.
A. dissatisfied because I had nothing better to do at home
B. annoyed because I had to wait long for my children to come back home
C. happy because I could do something I was interested in instead of taking care of children
D. sad because all the children left me when they grew up
3. The word “section” in Para. 4 most probably means here _________. A. group of people B. part of the training
C. part of the route of sail D. part of the job
4. Which of the following is nearest (closest) in meaning to “rough” in the sentence “One night the sea was very rough …” in Para. 5? A. not exact B. difficult
C. not smooth because of huge waves D. pleasant
5. The last paragraph suggests that _________.
A. the qualities she needed for the trip were the same as those for a dancer
B. many years of dancing had already prepared her for the sail completely, so she
2016电大本科英语(2)1期末考试复习真题小抄版
