2020-2021年中考英语阅读理解难题及答案1 

remember the following ideas, you will be safer.

■Although you may think a helmet（头盔）is not cool, it can protect your head if you fall down. Just choose the one that fits you best.

■Stop at all stop signs and obey red lights just as cars do. It's a good idea to walk your bike across busy crossings by following traffic lights.

■If you are cycling with friends, ride in a line. Don't ride with each other side by side. ■Wearing headphones while you are biking is not a good idea. You need to hear what's going on around you.

（1）Which of these advantages of cycling are NOT mentioned in the passage? A. Quick, easy and free. B. Safe, clean and cheap. C. Green, healthy and popular.

D. Convenient, traditional and comfortable.

（2）In Paragraph 5, the underlined word \ A. pre-green lights B. car traffic lights C. Copenhagen's roads D. bike rental companies

（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Cycling is much better than driving cars. B. It is helpful for cyclists to wear a helmet.

C. More bicycles were sold than cars in China last year. D. In Amsterdam, the average price for a bike is 8 euros. （4）What is the best title for the passage? A. Be Careful While Biking B. Bike-friendly Policies Around Us C. Bikes' Rising Popularity in Europe

D. How to Solve the Problems of Transportation 【答案】 （1）A （2）A （3）B （4）C

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是中国曾经是自行车王国，但是这些年欧洲人们骑自行车的人的数量正在上升，人们为什么要骑自行车和怎样骑自行车更安全。 （1）细节理解题。根据 Cycling is a safe, clean and cheap way to get around the city. But these years, the popularity of bicycles in Europe is rising. It makes both traffic jams and pollution less, and is great for our health. As the traditional \roads keep bicycles and motor cars separated（分离）as much as possible. In Amsterdam, people can hire a bike from almost anywhere in the city. 文章提到自行车可租用，不是免费的，故选A。

（2）词意猜测题。根据 On these roads, there are pre-green lights for cyclists. These kinds of

bicycle traffic lights turn green a few seconds before car traffic lights do. They give the cyclists time to avoid traffic while they are crossing. 在这些路上，对于骑行者有优先绿灯。这些自行车的交通绿灯在机动车交通绿灯前几秒钟变绿。当骑行者穿过马路时它们给他们时间来避免交通拥堵。可知此处they指的是优先绿灯。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据 Although you may think a helmet（头盔）is not cool, it can protect your head if you fall down. 虽然你可能认为头盔不酷，如果你摔下来它能保护你的头。可知戴头盔有用。故选B。

（4）主旨大意题。这篇短文讲的是现在自行车为什么在欧洲很受欢迎。故选C。 【点评】此题考查阅读理解。解答细节理解题时，常用定位法，根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案。推理判断题既要透过文章表面文字推测文章隐含意思，又要根据作者的态度、意图和文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，不要固守自己的观点和看法，对于主旨大意题，要根据文章的中心思想确定。

13．阅读理解

One Thursday afternoon, when I was in Grade 9, a new boy came into my classroom. He was short and thin. He walked up to the teacher and told her, very seriously, that he was new. His name was Christian. He sat down, took a look at me, and then looked away. I didn't think he was very nice and I was sure he wasn't the type I would like to become friends with.

During that year, I didn't talk to him much, but he smiled at me when our eyes met, always shyly. He never ate lunch with anybody, and he never talked to anybody but me.

But one day I joined those unkind kids who were making fun of him. We made fun of him though I thought it was wrong.

\ \with the saddest dog eyes I had ever seen. I felt very sorry at that moment.

That night, I couldn't sleep because I couldn't get Christian's face out of my mind. In the weeks that followed, he never met my eyes in class and never smiled at me. It was really hard for me to decide to write him a note asking him to forgive （原谅） me. But I thought I should.

The next day in class, I wrote him a note telling him how sorry I felt. About five minutes later, I turned and saw tears in his eyes. \（道歉） has meant to me, Jimmy,\

We had lunch together that noon and we had the best talk I had ever had. Over the years at high school, we were close friends.

When I think back, I realize that, if I had not apologized, I would never have known what a lovely person Christian was!

Apologies can really change your life, so never miss the chance to tell somebody you are sorry. （1）From the passage, we know Christian was a ________ boy.

A. tall and fat B. short and shy C. short and active D. lovely and fat （2）Jimmy felt ________ after he made fun of Christian with other unkind kids. A. happy B. interested C. sorry D. bored （3）This passage tells us that ________. A. we should make an apology when we hurt others B. Jimmy's apology was unimportant to Christian C. Christian wasn't lovely in fact D. it is impossible to say sorry to others 【答案】 （1）B （2）C （3）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：作者通过他的亲身经历告诉我们当我们伤害了别人我们应该道歉。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一段He was short and thin可知他又矮又瘦再根据第二段During that year, I didn't talk to him much, but he smiled at me when our eyes met, always shyly. 可知在那一年我没有和他说太多们话。当我们的目光相遇时，他总是对我害羞地笑笑。可知Christian是个个头不高而且害羞的男孩。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第五段 I felt very sorry at that moment.可知Jimmly和那些不友好的孩子在嘲笑了Christian之后感到抱歉，故选C。

（3）内容归纳题。根据最后一段Apologies can really chang e your life，so never miss the chance to tell somebody you are sorry.\道歉真的可以改变你的生活，所以不要错过任何向别人道歉的机会。“可知作者通过他的亲身经历告诉我们当我们伤害了别人我们应该道歉。故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题与主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。

14．阅读理解

Have you noticed your life becoming a little easier? Now, when you go to a certain shopping mall, you can enjoy its free Wi-Fi there. When you want to take a taxi, you can book one with your phone. In fact, all these can be seen as the basic parts of a smart city.

The idea of a smart city was brought up by US company IBM in 2010. Generally, a smart city is a city that uses digital technologies such as the Internet to improve city planning, save money and resources, and make our life convenient. How smart can a city be? Here are great examples that we can learn from.

In 2009, Dubuque became the first smart city in the US. The city used smart water meters to take the place of traditional water me tens. They can detect （探测） water waste and leakage

（泄漏） and send data to let the house owner know. The same system is used for other city resources like electricity and natural gas. In this way, people know how they use their resources and are glad to help reduce waste.

Santander in Spain also gives us a look at the future. If people point a phone toward a nearby bus stop, the phone immediately shows all bus lines that serve the stop as well as their arrival times. The government organized a research team and provided an App （应用程序） that collects data on almost everything: light, temperature, and the movements of cars and people. Opening the App near a supermarket provides immediate information on special offers. （1）The underlined word \ A. useful B. normal C. suitable D. easy （2）Compared with traditional water meters, smart water meters do better in ______. A. cleaning water B. supplying water C. saving water D. producing water （3）The example of Santander shows the use of smart systems in aspects （方面） EXCEPT ______.

A. business B. health care C. traffic controlling D. public transportation （4）What's the main idea of the passage? A. Digital technologies help improve city planning. B. Smart cities will make our future life better and smarter. C. Smart cities are very common in both Dubuque and Santander. D. Spain and the US take the leading position in building smart cities. 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）B （4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要对智能城市进行了基本介绍，又通过迪比克和桑坦德的例子介绍了智能城市为生活所带来的便捷。

（1）猜测词句题。由语句Generally, a small city is a city that uses digital technologies such as the Internet to improve city planning, save money and resources 可知，总的来说，小城市就是使用数码科技例如互联网去提高城市计划，节省金钱和资源。由此可推知，节省金钱、能源，可以使我们的生活更加轻松便捷。easy 意为“轻松的”，符合题意。useful 意为“有用的”，normal 意为“普通的”，suitable 意为“适合的”，均不符合题意。故正确答案为D。 （2）细节理解题。由文中语句This way, people know they use their resources and are glad to help reduce waste 可知，通过这种方式，人们就可以知道他们使用的资源并愿意减少资源的浪费。由此可知，智能水表可以在节约水资源方面做的比传统水表更好。save water 意为“节约水资源”，符合题意。故正确答案为C。

（3）细节理解题。A项，由第四段第四句 Opening the App near a supermarket provides immediate information on special offers 可知，在超市旁边打开这个应用程序，可以马上推送特价商品的信息。由此可推知，智能系统在商业（business）中有所应用。B项，health care 意为“健康管理”，文章没有提及。C项，由第四段第二句 If people point a phone toward a nearby bus stop, the phone immediately shows all bus lines that sever the stop as well as their

arrival times 可知，如果人们用手机指向一个附近的公交车站，手机就会马上展示出所有的会在这站停的公交车路线。由此可推知，智能系统在交通控制（traffic controlling）方面有所应用。D项，由第四段第二句 If people point a phone toward a nearby bus stop, the phone immediately shows all bus lines that sever the stop as well as their arrival times 可知，如果人们用手机指向一个附近的公交车站，手机就会马上展示出所有的会在这站停的公交车路线。由此可推知，智能系统在公共交通（public transportation）方面有所应用。故正确答案为B。

（4）主旨归纳题。A项，意为“电子科技帮助提升了城市规划”，只在第一段中有所提及。故A项错误。B项，意为“智能城市使我们未来的生活更好更智能”，文章主要对智能城市进行了基本介绍，又通过迪比克和桑坦德的例子介绍了智能城市为生活所带来的便捷。故B项正确。C项，意为“智能城市在迪比克和桑坦德非常普遍”，文章第三段和第四段主要介绍了智能应用在两座城市中的应用，并没有提到普及型。故C项错误。D项，意为“西班牙和美国在建设智能城市方面处于领导地位”，文章提到美国的迪比克是第一个智能城市，西班牙也采用了智能城市，但是并没有提到领导地位。故D项错误。故正确答案为B。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

15．阅读理解

I believe that we can have an important effect on anyone we meet. The right words at just the right time could change someone's life. When I was three years old, my parents discovered I was deaf. After asking many doctors and parents of other deaf children, they decided to put me in a normal school.

On my first day in the school, the other kids made fun of me because of my hearing aid. And then I saw myself as an ugly kid.

Mrs. Jordan, my teacher changed all of that with a simple three-word phrase. One morning, she asked the class a question. I read her lips（嘴唇） and raised my hand right away. She called me. I took a deep breath and nervously answered Mrs. Jordan's question.

I will never forget what happened next. Mrs. Jordan pointed directly at me. With a big smile she cried,

\（剧增）.At that moment, I decided that no matter how many difficulties I may face, I can overcome（克服） them. Just from those three simple words, my life changed from that moment.

When I was three years old, my parents discovered I was deaf. After asking many doctors and parents of other deaf children, they decided to put me in a normal school.

On my first day in the school, the other kids made fun of me because of my hearing aid. And then I saw myself as an ugly kid.

Mrs. Jordan, my teacher changed all of that with a simple three-word phrase. One morning, she asked the class a question. I read her lips（嘴唇） and raised my hand right away. She called me. I took a deep breath and nervously answered Mrs. Jordan's question.