高中英语专题
Unit 3SectionⅡ
Ⅰ.易混模块 1.A.what
(1)HetelephonedMaryBhewantedtoseeher. 解析:引导从句作telephoned的直接宾语,that无词义,不充当成分。 (2)ThisisAIwanttosayandthatisallBIwanttodo. 解析:第一空what引导表语从句,代词作用的连接代词,在从句中作say的宾语;第二空that引导一个定语从句,修饰all,that可以省略,在定语从句中作do的宾语。
(3)ThecoffeewehadtodaywasdifferentfromAwehadyesterday. 解析:what引导一个从句作介词from的宾语,充当连接代词引导宾语从句,在从句中作had的宾语。
(4)MadameCuriediscoveredAshecalledradium. 解析:what引导一个从句作及物动词discovered的宾语,它作起关系代词作用的连接代词,在从句中作called的宾语。
2.A.if
(1)IwanttoknowA/Bshehasgoneshopping. (2)WewonderedBthatmanwasaspyornot. (3)ItdependsonBwewillbereadyintime. (4)Idon'tknowAhewon'tcometotheoffice. (5)Ahecomes,I'lltellhimatonce.
(6)Almostallpeopleenjoysports,Bboysorgirls,menorwomen. 解析:(1)if和whether在此可以互换。 (2)宾语从句中出现了ornot,只能用whether。 (3)从句作介词on的宾语,只能用whether。 (4)宾语从句为否定句。
(5)if在此引导条件状语从句,意思是“如果”。
(6)whether在此引导让步状语从句,意思是“无论……不管”,全句意思是“几乎所有的人都喜爱体育活动,无论男女老少”。
3.A.who
(2)TeacherstendtolikeBworkshardatschool. 解析:(1)who引导宾语从句,意思是“谁”,在从句中作主语。
B.whoever B.whether B.that
(1)Wehaven'tdecidedAwillgotothesalesdepartment. 高中英语专题
(2)whoever引导从句作like的宾语,相当于anyonewho,全句意思是“老师倾向于喜欢在学校努力学习的学生”。
Ⅱ.语法填空
1.(浙江高考改编)Ifyouswiminariverorlake,besuretoinvestigatewhatisbelowthewatersurface.Oftentherearerocksorbrancheshiddeninthewater.
解析:考查宾语从句的连接词。分析句子结构可知,此处investigate后接了宾语从句,从句缺少主语,故填what。
2.Whatwewereinterestedinwashowtheymanagedtocontrolthepollutionhere. 解析:考查名词性从句引导词的选择。句意:我们感兴趣的是他们是如何控制了这里的污染的。how引导表语从句,在从句中表示“如何”之意,作方式状语。
3.Wefinallyreachedwherethetemplestands. 解析:考查名词性从句引导词的选择。句意:我们终于到达了庙宇矗立的地方。where引导宾语从句,并在从句中作地点状语。
4.Themembersofhisfamilyareproudofwhathehasachievedinthepastthreeyears. 解析:句意:他的家人对他在过去三年所取得的成就而感到骄傲。what引导名词性从句,同时充当achieved的宾语。
5.(福建高考改编)—IwonderhowMaryhaskeptherfigureafteralltheseyears. —Byworkingouteveryday.
解析:考查宾语从句的连接词。由答语Byworkingouteveryday(通过每天锻炼)可知,应填how,表示方式,意为“怎样,怎么”。
6.Whatthechildrenwanttodotodayiswhattheyoncedid. 解析:句意:今天孩子们想做的是他们曾经做过的事情。what既引导了表语从句,泛指过去做过的事,又充当了did的宾语。
7.Lookatthehighmountain.Thatiswherewewillget. 解析:句意:看那座高山。那就是我们要到达的地方。where引导表语从句,在从句中作地点状语。
8.Severalmodernbuildingsarebeingbuiltinwhatusedtobeamarket. 解析:考查宾语从句引导词的选择。句意:在过去是市场的地方,几座现代化的楼房正在建设。分析从句可知,从句缺少主语和引导词,故用what引导宾语从句。
9.Thetelephoneisringing.Answerittoseewhoitis. 解析:考查宾语从句语序及固定用语。句意:电话响了。去接电话看看是谁在打电话。 10.Thereasonforhissuccessisthatheworkedveryhard. 解析:句意:他的成功源于他的辛勤工作。is后的表语从句是对reason的解释说明,且从句中不缺少成分,故用that。
高中英语专题
11.Thefirsttimewemeteachotherwaswhenwestudiedinthatschool. 解析:句意:我们第一次见面是我们在那所学校学习的时候。由thefirsttime可知是表示时间,且从句中缺少时间状语。故用when引导表语从句。
12.(湖南高考改编)Youhavetoknowwhereyou'regoingifyouaretoplanthebestwayofgettingthere. 解析:考查宾语从句的引导词。句意:如果你要计划去那里的最好的方法,那么你就得知道自己要去哪儿。由句意可知,填where。
13.(湖南高考改编)Donotletanyfailuresdiscourageyou,foryoucannevertellhowcloseyoumaybetovictory.
解析:考查名词性从句。句意:不要让任何失败阻止你,因为你永远不会知道你离胜利有多么近。how在句中引导宾语从句,常用于“how+adj.+主语+谓语+其他”结构中,意为“多么……”。
14.(安徽高考改编)Fromspace,theearthlooksblue.Thisisbecauseaboutseventy-onepercentofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater.
解析:考查名词性从句。句意:从太空上看,地球看起来是蓝色的。这是因为它表面大约71%都被水覆盖着。because引导表语从句,表示原因,符合句意。
15.(江苏高考改编)—Whatamess!Youarealwayssolazy! —I'mnottoblame,mum.Iamwhatyouhavemademe. 解析:考查名词性从句。句意——一团糟!你总是这么懒!——我不该受责备。是你让我成为现在这样的。Iam后跟表语从句,在表语从句中makeme后缺补语,表示……的样子,用what来引导表语从句。
Ⅲ.单句改错
1.Wethinkimportantthateverycitizenshouldobeythetrafficrules. important前加it 2.Thatwewereinterestedinwaswhethertheymanagedtocontrolthepollutionhere. That→What 3.Wefinallyreachedwhatthetemplestood. what→where 4.Themembersofhisfamilyareproudofthathehasachievedinthepastthreeyears. that→what 5.Whatthechildrenwanttodotodayisthattheyoncedid. that→what 6.Severalmodernbuildingsarebeingbuiltinwhereusedtobeamarket. where→what 7.WhoIchoosewouldnotonlybringpeacetothevalleybutalsotoyou. who→whoever 高中英语专题
8.Thereasonforhissuccessisbecauseheworkedveryhard. because→that Ⅳ.阅读理解
WhatdoTomSawyerandJumpingFrogshaveincommon?
Storiesaboutbothofthemwerecreatedbyoneman:MarkTwain.TwainwasfouryearsoldwhenhisfamilymovedtoHannibal,Missouri,locatedonthewestbankoftheMississippi.Twaingrewupthereandwasfascinatedwith
(使……入迷)
lifealongtheriver—thesteamboats,thegiantlumber
(木头)rafts,andthepeoplewhoworkedonthem.
TheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCountyisoneofTwain'sbestlovedshortstories,andTheAdventuresofTomSawyerisoneofhismostfamousnovels.BoththeseworksarecelebratedbyeventsheldduringNationalTomSawyerDays,whichoriginatedinthelate1950sandbecamenationalinthe1960s.ChildrenentertheirfrogsinthejumpingcontestduringNationalTomSawyerDays.There'salsoafencepaintingcontesttoseewhocanpaintthefastest.TheideaforthiscontestcomesfromasceneinTomSawyer,inwhichTomhasbeentoldtopaintthefenceinfrontofthehousehelivesin.It'sabeautifulday,andhewouldratherbedoinganythingelse.Ashisfriendswalkby,hemakesthembelievethatit'sfuntopaint,andtheyjoininthe“fun”.Bytheendoftheday,thefencehasthreecoatsofpaint!
AlthoughthestoryofTomSawyerisafiction
(虚构的事),it'sbasedonfacts.IfyougotoHannibal,you'llseethewhitefence,whichstillstandsatTwain'sboyhoodhome.
文章大意:马克·吐温(MarkTwain)(1835~1910)是美国批判现实主义文学的奠基人,世界著名的短篇小说大师。《汤姆·索亚历险记》是他的代表作之一。
1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutMarkTwainisTRUE?B A.HewasborninHannibal. B.HeenjoyedhislifeinHannibal.
C.HespentmostofhischildhoodontheMississippi.
D.Heoftenwentrafting (坐船漂流) ontheMississippiwithhisparents.
解析:细节理解题。从第一段第四句“Twain grew up there and was fascinated with life along the river...”可知B正确。
2.TomSawyerDayswerecreatedB. A.aboutfortyyearsagoB.inmemoryofagreatwriter
C.shortlyafterTwain'sdeathD.toimprovekids'interestinreading
解析:推理判断题。第二段说全国汤姆索亚日期间会举办不同的活动,旨在颂扬两部作品,由此推理是为纪念这两部作品的作者马克·吐温的。
3.Whowillwinthefencepaintingcontest?D A.Bob,paintingthelongest. B.Julia,paintingmostcarefully.
高中英语专题
C.Jim,paintinginthenewestway. D.John,paintingintheshortesttime.
解析:推理判断题。由第二段中“There's also a fence painting contest to see who can paint the fastest.”可推知能在最短的时间内漆完篱笆的将获胜,故选D。
4.FromthewhitefenceatTwain'sboyhoodhome,weknowthatA. A.thestoryofTomSawyerisbasedpartlyonTwain'sexperiences B.thestoryofTomSawyerisbasedtotallyonTwain'simagination C.Twain'soldhouseispaintedbythefencepaintingcompetitors D.Twain'soldhouseisvisitedbypeoplefromalloverthecountry
解析:推理判断题。至今仍伫立在吐温孩童时期的家外的那片白色篱笆是用来说明句首结论的——AlthoughthestoryofTomSawyerisafiction,it'sbasedonfacts.因为从上一段可知《汤姆·索亚历险记》中有与此相关的情节。
Ⅴ.七选五
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2024·安徽安庆一中高一下期中卷)
HowtoStayHealthyatWork
Work-relatedhealthissuesarealltoocommonthesedays.Hereareafewtipstohelpyoustayhealthyatwork. Lookafteryourbody.
Ifyouworkinanofficeenvironment,
makesurethatyourchairiswell-positionedsothatyourelbowsareatrightangleswhenyourhandsareonthedesk.1.FWhenusingacomputer,
Avoidaccidents.
Accidentsatworkaccountforalargepercentageofwork-relatedhealthissuesintheUK.Takeappropriatestepstoavoidaccidentsthatcouldaffectyourabilitytowork.Healthandsafetyproducerscanbeapain, buttheyexistforareason.
2.BUsecommonsensewherewritteninstructionsdonotextendtoreal-lifesituations. Takeabreak.
Whateveryourprofessionis,
awell-earnedbreakwillnotonlyhelptokeepyouhealthybutalsoallowyoutofocusbetterwhenyoureturntowork.3.G
Maintainahealthydiet.
4.ECaffeineraisesthebloodpressure.Thisisasymptomwhichisassociatedwithstress.Insteadofsnackingonchocolatebiscuits, trydriedfruitandnutsforahealthiersolution.
5.D
Theworkplaceisthefavoredbreedinggroundforcommunicablediseases,
keepyourscreenatleast30inchesawayfromyourfacetoavoidhurtingyoureyes,
andtakeregularscreenbreaksbysimplylookingintothedistancefor30secondsorso.
高中英语专题
somakesuretomaintainyourworkplaceclean.Washyourhandsregularlyandcleananycommunal tablewarethoroughlyaftereachuse.
A.Relaxyourbody. B.Sticktothemtoreducerisk. C.Takeregularbreaksandeathealthily. D.Keepyourworkingsurroundingstidy. E.Avoiddrinkinglotsofcoffeetokeepfocused. EThiswillhelptoreducetheriskofbackproblems.
G.Studieshaveshownthatregularshortbreakscanbemoreeffective.
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了5个在工作中保持健康的建议。
1.解析:上面提到,如果你是在办公室工作,要确保椅子位置合适,当手放到桌面上时,肘部有一个合适的角度,这样做可以减少背部问题的威胁,上下是顺承关系,故选F项。
2.解析:上文提到,在英国,工伤占了工作相关健康问题的很大一部分,要采取合适步骤来避免工作中的事故。健康和安全险可能是一个痛,不过它们的确有存在的原因,接下来自然而然就要提及,坚持它们来减少风险,故选B项。
3.解析:空格前的小标题是Takeabreak.“休息一下”,下面的段落就是围绕休息展开。前面提到,无论你从事什么职业,合理的休息不仅可以让你保持健康,还可以让你保持精力集中,接下来说的是,研究表明有规律的短暂休息可以让人更高效,故选G项。本题易错选C项,此段未提及健康饮食的问题。
4.解析:空格前的小标题是Maintainahealthydiet.“保持健康的饮食”,此段就是围绕这个话题展开。空格后提到,咖啡因使人血压升高,平时不吃巧克力饼干,而是用干果和坚果替代,由此可知应选E项“避免喝大量的咖啡来保持专注”。
5.解析:空格后面的段落提到,办公场所是传播疾病的地方,所以要确保办公环境的干净清洁,要经常洗手,每次使用后清洗公用餐具。由此语境可知选D项“保持办公环境的整洁”。
(公用的)