第38课时 书面表达
书面表达是整套试题的压轴题，一般约占卷面分值的10%～20%。它要求学生根据图画、创设的情景或中英文提示，创造性地写成一篇短文。书面表达测试的目的就是要强化学生对写的要求：记牢词汇、熟悉句型、合理组句及逻辑成文。书面表达常见的体裁有记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文(包括书信、电子邮件、通知、启事、便条、发言稿、倡议书、调查报告、日记等)四种。
1．仔细审题，明确要求。
作文，特别是给材料的控制性作文，审题尤为重要。首先要对提供的信息材料进行认真分析、整理，确定“中心话题”。根据写作要求，找准写作类型，是编对话、写短文，还是写贺卡、发Email。只有弄清类型，才能根据不同的体裁写出不同格式、风格各异的文章，才能在“形”上不“跑题”，这自然也包括写作的人称、时态、地点等信息。
2．抓要点，列提纲，善取舍。
不管信息是以文字、图表还是图画形式提供，我们都要把题目所给的要点一一在文中体现出来，决不能遗漏。对于图示作文，必须读懂画意，只有具体透彻地理解画意，我们才能确定“主题”，抓住要点，切入正题，不为图中次要的内容所困扰。抓住要点，确定主题后，列提纲不失为一种好的形式。拟提纲时，中心要突出，条理要清晰。要将要点合理分布、连接，要善于取舍，不任意发挥，主次不分。
3．组织语言，连句成篇。
这是整个写作过程的关键环节。要围绕审题时确定的要点，按一定的顺序扩写。注意以下几点： (1)尽量运用已学过的最基础的英语词汇。
(2)表达准确，语言地道。表达要符合英语习惯，尽量套用基本句型。
(3)不要硬译。书面表达不同于汉译英，它有较大的灵活性，一个要点的表达方式并非唯一。因此遇到自己不熟悉的词时，可以换另一个词语或另一种表达方式。
(4)注意上下文的衔接。上下文过渡、句子之间要加必要的过渡词或连词。 (5)符合要求。要控制字数，字迹工整，卷面整洁，段落分明。 4．全面检查，认真修改。
这是写作中不可少的一步。很多同学都会忽视这一点。检查中，我们应通读全文，看看体裁、格式是否正确，是否符合要求。当然最重要的是查找拼写、语法等方面的错误，如：单词拼写错误，大小写、标点错误，冠词、介词、代词使用不当，名词单复数、主谓不一致，时态、语态错误，句子结构错误，内容不连贯等。
话题1：写人记事类
假如你是李华，你从电视上了解到北京将成为2024年冬季奥运会的举办城市，你感到无比自豪和骄傲。现在请你用英文给奥委会写封简短的应聘信，介绍一下自己的情况(见下表)，表示愿意为奥运会做一些工作，请组委会给予考虑，并能尽早予以答复。
提示：
姓名 年龄 爱好 获奖情况 演讲比赛一等奖 联系方式 李华 16 绘画、体育、唱歌、演讲、英语口语 2017年6月获我市中学生英语 13062896686 注意：
1．内容须包含表格中提示的所有信息；
2．词数：80－100词(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)； 3．文中不得出现真实的人名和所在学校的名称。 Dear Sir/Madam， I'm
very
happy
that
Beijing
will
host
the
2024
Beijing
Winter
Olympics.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely， Li Hua
【写作指导】本篇书面表达属于提纲类书信作文。要求按照提示，给奥委会写一封应聘信，表达自己想成为2024北京冬奥会的一名志愿者的想法。写信时，注意书信的基本格式，语言的选择与语句的正确选用。可以适当地运用条件句，表达委婉、真诚的语气。写作时应包含表格中所有提示信息，不能遗漏，同时可以适当发挥。全文时态以一般现在时为主，兼顾一般将来和一般过去时。
【参考范文】 Dear Sir/Madam，
I'm very happy that Beijing will host the 2024 Beijing Winter Olympics.I feel so proud that I'd like to work as a volunteer for the Olympics.Now I'm writing to tell you about my personal information.
My name is Li Hua.I'm sixteen.I have many hobbies，such as drawing，sports，singing，speeches，and spoken English.Besides，I won the first prize in our city's English Speech Contest for Middle School Student in June，2017.
If I am lucky enough to become a volunteer，I will try my best to do this job well.Please reply to me soon.My telephone number is 13062896686.
Yours sincerely， Li Hua
话题2：假期活动类
假设你和朋友将在今年暑假参加以“拥抱大自然”为主题的户外拓展夏令营，其中包括小组自由活动。请你为你们小组设计一个活动方案。
提示词语：climb mountains，go fishing, pick fruits，have a campfire(篝火晚会) 要求：1.写明你们组计划要做的具体活动，并给出理由； 2．提示词语仅供参考，可增减内容；
3．词数80～100，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 4．文中不得出现真实的人名、校名与地名。
We are going for a camp this summer.I'm glad to make a plan for our group. F
_beautiful__sunrise.After__that
irst__of__all
，
we'll__have__a__fruit
，-，
we__plan__to__climb__mountains__in__the__morning__so__that__we__can__enjoy__fresh__air__and__watch_picking__competition__between__boys__and__girls
which__will__help__us__know__each__other__better.What's__morethere__will__be__a__campfire.We__can__enjoy__ourselves__by__singing
iends？__________________________________________________________________________
，，
dancing__and__telling__stories.Won't__it__be__fantastic__to__share__the__relaxing__moment__with__fr
We__are__looking__forward__to__the__summer__camp__because__we__can__forget__the__busy__work__at__school
___________________________________
话题3：校园生活类
课外活动可以让我们增长知识，发展智力，开阔视野。许多学校开展了课外活动，如朗读、唱歌、演话剧及其他体育活动等。最近，某中学英文报开设了“After-class Activities”的栏目。请根据以下提示，为该栏目写一篇英文稿件，并鼓励同学们积极参加课外活动。
内容包括：
1．列举三样你学校现开展的课外活动；
2．列举一样你参加过的课外活动，并谈谈这给你带来的益处和感受； 3．为学校开设课外活动提出两点或三点建议并鼓励同学们积极参加。 要求：
1．不得在作文中出现真实的学校名及本人姓名；
2．语句连贯，80词左右，作文开头已给出，不计入总词数。
After-class Activities
Nowadays，after-class activities are becoming more and more popular in junior schools. __In__our__school__there__are__many__kinds__of__activities,__such__as__drawing,__singing__and__sports.__We__enjoy__them__very__much.Playing__football__and__reading__are__my__favorites.__Besides__building__my__body__and__improving__my__skills,__they__also__free__me__from__the__heavy__work__of__study.__________________________________________________________________________
Here I have some suggestions. To students, we'd better choose the activities which interest us and suit us. School should organize more activities for students and leave more time for activities by giving us less homework.
Dear friends, please take the after-class activities actively. It will not only make your school
life
colorful,
but
also
improve
your
lea
rning.
________________________________________________________________________
话题4：语言学习类
随着中国的发展，世界各地掀起了“汉语热”。作为中国人，我们更应该学好汉语。请以“My Chinese Learning”为题，写一篇短文。
内容包括：
1．为什么要学好汉语？ 2．谈谈自己学习汉语的经历； 3．介绍1－2条学习汉语的方法。 要求：
1．词数80左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2．文中不得出现真实的学校名与姓名。
My Chinese Learning
，
and__I__believe__we'll__have__a__wonderful__time__together._______________________________________
With the development of China，Chinese is becoming more and more popular. As native speakers，it's our duty to learn Chinese well.It helps us to understand Chinese culture better.
Chinese was one of the subjects when I was in a primary school.At first，I used to be weak in it，and I felt stressed out.My Chinese teacher advised me to read more books.From then on，reading played an important role in my life.I often went to the library which was near my home.I made much more progress in Chinese.
I think reading books is a useful way of learning Chinese well.Also，it's necessary to practise writing as often as we can.Only in this way can we become a good Chinese learner. ________________________________________________________________________
话题5：环境保护类
如今，环境变得越来越糟糕。环境问题影响着我们的工作、学习、生活等，而我们的工作、生活、生产又使环境污染越来越严重。如何保护我们的环境？请以“How to protect our environment？”为题写一篇短文。
存在问题：
1．水污染和大气污染越来越严重； 2．森林被破坏和砍伐； 3．白色垃圾随处可见。
要求：如何改善/保护环境？至少提出3－4条建议，80词左右。
How to protect our environment?
The environmental pollution is more and more serious today.We have no clean water to drink because of water pollution.And when trees are cut down，some animals disappear.There is more and more dirty smoke in the air.People's health has been greatly affected by air，noise and water pollution.Many people died of diseases.In order to live a better life，it's time for us to protect our world.
As for me，we shouldn't throw away rubbish everywhere.And we should recycle，reduce and reuse things，for this can save money and reduce pollution.Use things for as long as possible.Don't use plastic bags.Also，we must plant more trees and stop people cutting them.We hope our world is more and more beautiful. ________________________________________________________________________
话题6：饮食健康类
亲爱的同学们，健康饮食对每个人都是非常重要的。请以“My healthy food and drink”为题写一篇英文短文。
内容包括：
1．以前我有不好的饮食习惯(如：不吃早餐、爱吃垃圾食品等)。后来学习了健康饮食知识，认识到健康饮食的重要性；
2．现在我坚持健康饮食，保持身体健康。
提示词汇：fruit，vegetable，hamburger，cola，junk food，be bad/good for 注意：
1．不得在作文中出现真实的人名、地名和校名； 2．语句连贯，表达准确，词数80－100； 3．短文开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
My healthy food and drink
Two years ago，I often got up late and seldom had breakfast. When I felt hungry，I always ate junk food.This was very bad for my health，so I was very weak.
Later，I learned something about healthy food and drink and I got to know it was very important to have a good life habit.Unhealthy food and drink is bad for everyone，while healthy food and drink can keep our bodies strong and healthy.
From then on，I have kept a good habit.Now I have a good breakfast every day and have lots of fruit and vegetables for lunch and supper.I often drink water，tea and milk but seldom eat hamburgers or drink cola.This makes me healthy and happy. I always remember：eat the right food and keep healthy.
话题7：社会热点类
目前，家长开车接送孩子上下学已成为一个普遍现象，人们对此做法褒贬不一。如图是就此现象所做的问卷调查结果。请根据图表提示，描述被访者的看法，并就此现象发表自己的观点。
注意：
1．词数150左右，文章的开头已经给出，不计入总词数； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Nowadays it's common for parents to drive their children to school and back home，which causes a heated discussion.A survey has just been conducted about it，and the findings are as follows.
We can see that half of the supporters believe that more valuable time can be saved for students to get enough sleep.Another 30% think children can rest or have meals comfortably in their own cars.About 15% consider it reasonable just for the sake of children's safety.The rest of them think it offers more chances for parents to communicate with their children.
However，other people hold different opinions.55% of them believe that it results in more traffic jams，especially around schools in rush hours.And 30% think that driving kids to and from school will undoubtedly add to the parents' burdens in aspects like time，energy and expenses.Still，15% worry that in the long term children may be more dependent on their parents，which does no good to them.
In my opinion，I thchildren.However
，
ink going to school by car is a better solution for young
for
older
children
it
is
unnecessary.________________________________________________________________________
(浙江专版)2024年中考英语特训总复习 第三部分 中考专项突破篇 第38课时 书面表达(精讲)试题
