一.What is the theme of Beowulf?
这首诗主题介绍了如何原始人工资在聪明和强大的领导之下的自然世界的敌对势力的英勇斗争的生动写照。这首诗是自然界神话与英雄传说混合在一起的一个例子。
Thematically the poem presents a vivid picture of how the primitive people wage heroic struggles against the hostile forces of the natural world under a wise and mighty leader.The poem is an example of the mingling of nature myths and heroic legends.
二.莎士比亚 （1）四个悲剧。（二） 四大悲剧的共同之处？3请简要总结每个英雄人性的弱点。
1.莎士比亚的四个最大的悲剧是： 哈姆雷特、 奥赛罗、 李尔王、 麦克白。2.每个描绘了一些高尚的英雄，谁面临着人类生活的不公，陷入了一个困难的局面和他们的命运与整个国家的命运息息相关。3.每一位英雄有他的弱点的性质 ；老国王李尔不愿意完全放弃他的权力 ；麦克白 的权欲挑起他的抱负和他会导致无休止的罪行
1.Shakespeare’s four greatest tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth. 2.Each portrays some noble hero, who faces the injustice of human life and is caught in a difficult situation and whose fate is closely connected with the fate of the whole nation. 3. Each hero has his weakness of nature; the old king Lear who is unwilling to totally give up his power; and Macbeth’s lust for power stirs up his ambition and leads him to incessant crimes
三.试论莎士比亚的艺术的创作。
1.主要特点是既不是仅仅是个人的也不是类型 ；他们是代表某些类型的个人。每个字符都有他或她自己的个性 ；与此同时，他们可能与别人分享功能。2.通过运用心理分析的方法，莎士比亚成功探索刻画心灵。3.莎士比亚很少发明自己的情节 ；相反，他借用他们的一些旧的戏剧或故事书，或从古希腊和古罗马的来源。4.在他的著作中，伪装也是重要的设备，打造
戏剧反讽，通常伪装成男人的女人。5.他在不同的诗歌形式，就像这首十四行诗、 空白的诗句，押韵一样经常巧妙地写道。
1.Shakespeare’s major characters are neither merely individual ones nor type ones;they are individuals
representing
certain
types.each
character
has
his
or
her
own
personalities;meanwhile,they may share features with others. 2.By applying a psycho-analytic approach,Shakespeare succeeds in exploring the characters’ inner mind. 3.Shakespeare seldom invents his own plots;instead,he borrows them from some old plays or storybooks,or from ancient Greek and Roman sources. 4.In his writings,disguise is also an important device to create dramatic irony,usually with woman disguised as man. 5.He often wrote skillfully in different poetic forms,like the sonnet,the blank verse,and the rhymed couplet.
四.简要讨论为什么莎士比亚的哈姆雷特让人印象深刻。
1.在 Shakespeare 主人公是行动的的戏剧哈姆雷特 》 指出的他hesitation 采取他的复仇，他忧郁的性质，只能拒绝做任何事情的可能性。2.他终于知道他的父亲被谋杀了，他成了国王的叔叔。他恨他太深了，他想杀了他。但他热爱他守寡的母亲，后来嫁给了他的叔叔。这使他陷入麻烦。
3.当他打算杀死他的叔叔，他不敢伤害他的母亲。也，当一切准备好让他杀死他的叔叔，他还是原谅了他因为他的叔叔向上帝祈祷，为他的罪行。因此，他失去了很好的机会。4.哈姆雷特 》 代表他那个时代的人文精神。
1.The hero Hamlet in Shakespeare is play Hamlet is noted for his hesitation to take his revenge,his melancholy nature of action only to deny possibilities to do anything.2.He came to know that his father was murdered by his uncle who became king.He hated him so deeply that he wanted to kill him.But he loved his widowed mother who later married his uncle.This made him deep in trouble.
3.When he planned to kill his uncle,he was afraid to hurt his mother.And also,when everything was ready for him to kill his uncle,he forgave him for his uncle was praying to God for his crime.Thus he lost good chance.4.Hamlet represented humanism of his time.
五.为什么在他的时代约翰 · 弥尔顿是最伟大的作家？
在他的生活中，弥尔顿显示出自己真正的革命，诗圣，一位伟大的散文作家。他争取自由的各个方面作为一个基督教的人文主义者，虽然他在文学的成就使他在他那个时代的所有其他英语作家塔和施加很大的影响，在后来的。
In his life,Milton shows himself a real revolutionary,a master poet and a great prose writer.He fought for freedom in all aspects as a Christian humanist,while his achievements in literature make him tower over all the other English writers of his time and exert a great influence over later ones.
根据 《 失乐园 》 这首诗的设置，讨论的主题，作者的内涵，创造它，这首诗表达的含义。 《 失乐园 》 这首诗的主题是\人类的堕落\即勒芒抗命和天堂，丧失其主要的原因---撒旦。2.写这首诗的作者意图是以公开的方式向撒旦\证明上帝的方式待人。\在这首诗，作者隐式关切他基本的自由和选择，他相信圣经 》 启示的不容置疑的事实意味着全知的上帝只是在让亚当和夏娃被诱惑和他们的自由意志的选择罪恶和其必然的惩罚。
The theme of the poem “Paradise Lost”is the” Fall of Man,” i.e. mans disobedience and the loss of Paradise, with its prime cause----Satan. 2.The authors intention to write this poem is to expose the ways of Satan to” justify the ways of God to men.”3.In this poem,the author implicitly expresses his fundamental concern with freedom and choice and his belief that the unquestionable truth of biblical revelation means that an all-knowing God was just in allowing Adam and eve to be tempted and of their free will to choose sin and its inevitable punishment.
通过分析珀西 · 雪莱的诗，讨论他的诗歌艺术。
1.雪莱是激烈和原始的抒情诗人，在英语语言中。2.他的诗是充满古典神话中的典故。3.他的风格盛产拟人化和隐喻和其他修辞格。4.他生动地描述了我们看到的和感觉的或表达热情使我们感动。
1.Percy Bysshe Shelly is an intense and original lyrical poet in the English language.2.His poems are full of classical and mythological allusions.3.His style abounds in personification and metaphor and other figures of speech.4.He describes vividly what we see and feel,or express what passionately moves us.
基于她的著作，讨论简 · 奥斯丁是英国文学的最大贡献。
简 · 奥斯丁是英国文学最重要的浪漫主义小说家。她创建六个有影响力的小说。2.她的主要文学关注是关于人类在他们的人际关系，使她的小说具有普遍的意义。3.简 · 奥斯汀作为一种艺术形式带来了本英文小说，，因为她对人类行为的普遍规律和她准确描绘的人类个体的敏感性是成熟。4.她描述了一个女人从世界角度来看，并描绘了一群真实的和常见的妇女。 Based on her writings,discuss Jane Austen is greatest contribution to English literature.
Jane Austen is one of the most important Romantic novelists in English literature. She creates six influential novels. 2.Her main liteary concern is about human beings in their personal relationships, which make her novels have a universal significance. 3.Jane Austen has brought the English novel,as an art of form,to is maturity because of her sensitivity to universal patterns of human behavior and her accurate portrayal of human individuals. 4.She describes the world from a woman is point of view,and depicts a group of authentic and common women.
你如何理解狄更斯是维多利亚时代最伟大的批判现实主义作家？
1.在他的作品，狄更斯设置出一张完整的地图和十九世纪埃克斯大量的批评是他严重的内涵予以揭露、 批评他的作品中，所有贫穷、 不公正、 虚伪和腐败他周围所看到。2.与他的第一句话，狄更斯吸引读者的注意和拿着它到永远。3.他的设置具有非同寻常的生动性。4.在语言中，他常常被比较与莎士比亚因为他熟练使用方言和很大的词汇量。5.人物形象是最有特色的作品。6.狄更斯作品的特点也是交织在一起的幽默与感伤。
1.In his works, Dickens sets out a full map and a large-scale criticism of the nineteenth century England.It is his serious intension to expose and criticize in his works all the poverty,injustice,hypocrisy and corruptness he sees around him2.With his first sentence,Dickens engages the readers attention and holds it to the end。3.The settings of his have an extraordinary vividness.4.In language,He is often compared with Shakespeare for his adeptness with the vernacular and large vocabulary.5.Character-portrayal is the most distinguishing feature of his works.6.Dickens works are also characterized by a mingling of humor and pathos.
你认为可以合理的 Heathciff 的上述指控的凯瑟琳的背叛吗？如果你这样想，凯瑟琳在这方面要背叛希斯克里夫和他们的爱情又有什么理由？
A.希斯克里夫的指控是可以辩解的。她的背叛这个原因可能是： （1） 真没想到她对林惇的性格开朗，他丰富的知识和他优雅的举止感到。() 2她的虚荣使她渴望一种上流社会的家庭生活和社会地位。() 3她害怕她可能会遭受贫穷和被降级，如果她结婚到Heathecliff。() 4她幻想如果她嫁给了林顿，她可能有办法帮助 heathecliff 中得到良好的教育，成为一位绅士，好让他们能团结没有正在退化。(呼啸山庄)
A.Heathcliff’s accusation can be justified. B.The reasons of her betrayal may be:(1)The fancy she felt for linton’s pleasant personality,his rich knowledge,and his elegant manners.(2)Her vainglory
英美文学选读考前总复习中英文版
