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小升初暑期英语六升七新七年级新初一讲义第3讲 介词和介词短语(含练习答案)

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学员姓名: 学科教师: 年 级: 六升七 辅导科目:英语 授课日期 主 题 时 间 介词的用法以及固定搭配 1. 介词的用法归纳和介词词组的总结 学习目标 2. 介词及重点词汇在阅读中的应用。 教学内容 Step 1: Review what we have learned 教学建议: 1、复习处理上节课作业,让学生们PK说说上节课的知识点,说得又多又好的同学奖励。 2、老师引导学生根据上次预习思考引导学生本次课要讲介词,并用不同的介词表达句子。 Step 2: 预习思考解答 1. ________________________________ 2. ________________________________ 1 / 15

3. ________________________________ 4. ________________________________ 5. ________________________________ 6. ________________________________ Keys: 1.The dog is walking in front of the boy. 2.There is a bone between the two dogs. 3.There is a bone above the dog. 4.The dog is digging a hole to bury the bone under the ground. 5.The balloon is next to the dog. 6.The dog is sleeping on the house. 知识名称 介词 【知识梳理1】 地点介词 介词是一种虚词,不能独立使用。介词之后一般有名词或代词(宾格)或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作..它的宾语,即构成介词短语。有些介词是由两个以上的词构成的短语介词,如:out of(从…中出来), because of(因为), away from(距离…), on top of(在…顶上), ever since(自从…), next to(在…隔壁), according to(根据…), in front of(在…前方)等。 1、地点(位置、范围): 1 介词 in 2 on 在……上面 The boat is on the river. 那条船在河上。 2 / 15

图示 意义 在……之内 学生们在教师里读书。 例句 The students are reading in the classroom.

There are several bridges over the river. 3 over 4 5 6 7 under near next to behind 在……(正)下方 在……附近 紧挨…… 在……后面 在……之间(指二 9 among 10 across 11 along 12 up down 【例题精讲】 例1.[误] In the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories. [正] At the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories. 批注:at the begining与at the end都是指某事物的开始与结束部分,均不指时间范围,而in the beginning 则是指开始一段时间。in the end=at last是指\最终,终于\之意。 例2.[误] There is a beautiful bird on the tree. [正] There is a beautiful bird in the tree. 批注:树上长出的果实,树叶要用on, 而其他外来的人、物体均要用in the tree. 例3.[误] There is a color TV set at the corner of the hall. [正] There is a color TV set in the corner of the hall. 批注:在屋内的角落应用in,而墙的外角用at,如:There is a tree at the corner of the street. 3 / 15 在……(正)上方 河上有好几座桥。 The boat sailed under the bridge. 船在桥下行驶。 I don’t need a car because I live near the city centre . 我不需要汽车,因为我住在靠近市中心 My best friend sits next to me in class. 上课时我最好的朋友坐在我的旁边。 Olive hid behind a tree. 奥列弗藏在一棵树后面。 The letter B is between A and C. 字母B在A和C之间。 The house stands among the trees. 房子在树丛中。 If the road is busy, don’t walk across it. 如果道路拥挤,就不要横穿马路。 Walk along this street, then turn left, you can see the 沿着 post office. 沿着这条街走,然后向右拐,你就可以看到邮局。 向上 The monkeys climbed up the trees to pick the bananas. 猴子爬上树上去摘香蕉。 The ball is rolling down the hill. 球正往山下滚。 8 between 者) 在……之间(指三者或三者以上) 横过、越过…… 13 向下

【知识梳理2】 时间介词 介词 in:比“天”时间更长,年份:1998 如月,年,季节;早中晚 on:具体某一天(星期),具体某一天的早、中、晚 at:钟点、节假日 日期:March.19th 星同学们,看了这幅图你们可以总结出 in, on, at的区别吗?用法举例 月份:April 季节:spring 期:时间段:three hours(用于将来时) 具体某天的早晨、下午或晚上:a cold morning Monday 具体时刻:8:00 中午、晚上:noon、night a.m. 1. in后常接年,月,日期,上午,下午,晚上,白天,季节,世纪,语言等。如: in 2011(2011年) in May, 2010(2010年五月) in the morning(早晨/上午) in the 21st century(21世纪) in a week(一周) in spring(春季) 2. on后常接某日,星期几,某周末的朝夕,节日等。如: on Sunday(星期日) on New Year’s Day(新年) on a warm morning in April(四月的一个温暖的上午) on October 1, 1949(1949年10月1日) on Christmas afternoon(圣诞节下午) on the morning of the 15th (15日的上午) 3. at 后常接几点几分,天明,中午,日出,日落,开始等。如: at five o’clock(五点) at down(黎明) at the beginning of the month(月初) at that time(那时) at that moment(那会儿) at this time of day(在一天的这个时候) 注意:在this, that, last, next, every等词的前面不能再加介词。如: this morning, last Friday, next Sunday, every Monday/week/year… 【例题精讲】 例1.[误] We visited the old man in Sunday afternoon. [正] We visited the old man on Sunday afternoon. 批注: in the morning, in the afternoon 如果在这两个短语中加入任何修饰词其前面的介词都要改为on, 如:on a cold morning, on the morning of July 14th 例2.[误] He went to New York to find a job in sixteen years old. 4 / 15

[正] He went to New York to find a job at sixteen. 批注:在具体年岁前用at, 如:at the age of 12, at your age, 等等。 例3.[误] I haven't see you during the summer holidays. [正] I haven't seen you since the beginning of the summer holidays. 批注:during表示在某一段时间之内,所以一般不与完成时搭配,如:I visited a lot of museums during the holiday. 而for表示一段时间,可以用于完成时,如:I haven't seen you for a long time. 而through 用来表示时间时则为\整整,全部的时间\。如:It rained through the night.而since则是表达主句动作的起始时间,一般要与完成时连用。 例4.[误] Till the end of next week. I will have finished this work. [正] By the end of next week. I will have finished this work. 批注:by 引起的时间状语表示了动作的截止点,其意思为\不迟于某一时刻将工作做完\,所以主句一般是完成时态。当然可以有将来时态,如:I'll be there by five o'clock.而till则表达其一动作一直持续到某一时刻,但句中的动词一定要用持续性动词,而瞬间的截止性动词应用其否定句式,如:I won't finish this work till(until) next weekend. 例5.[误] He came to London before last weekend. [正] He had come to London before last weekend. [正] He came to London two weeks ago. 批注: before 一般要与完成时连用,而ago则与一般过去时连用。 【知识梳理3】方向(目标趋向)介词: 5 / 15

小升初暑期英语六升七新七年级新初一讲义第3讲 介词和介词短语(含练习答案)

学员姓名:学科教师:年级:六升七辅导科目:英语授课日期主题时间介词的用法以及固定搭配1.介词的用法归纳和介词词组的总结学习目标2.介词及重点词汇在阅读中的应用。教学内容Ste
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