高考语法复习 1 名词
【走进高考】
1. 【2024·江苏卷 】26.Nowadays the ___________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery. A. priority
B. potential
C. proportion
D. pension
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。A. priority优先；优先权；B. potential潜在的，可能的；C. proportion比例，占比；D. pension退休金，抚恤金。故选A。 2. 【2024·江苏】Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made. A. assignment 【答案】D
【解析】考查名词，词义辨析及语境理解。 句意：试着去理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。A. assignment 分配； B. association 交往； C. acquisition 获得；D. assumption 假设。故选D。 3. .7.We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) ___________on our lives in 【2024·天津卷 】many ways. A. statement C. impression 【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们能够看到人工智能在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了强烈的影响。 statement“陈述说明”； impact“强烈的影响，冲击力”； impression“印象，感想”； judgement“判断力判断”。故选B。
4.6. The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to 【2024·天津】explore the outer space. A. advice
B. order D. invitation
B. impact D. judgment
B. association
C. acquisition
D. assumption
C. possibility 【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。A. advice建议；B. order命令；C. possibility可能性；D. invitation邀请。故选C。 5. 【2024·32. Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made. 江苏】A. assignment C. acquisition
B. association D. assumption
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【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尝试理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。 6. 【2024·新课标卷I·语法填空】Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that/which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause). 【答案】causes
【解析】考查名词复数。一项研究表明，仅仅每天5到10分钟的跑步，就能减少各种原因的心脏病和早亡。根据句意用复数形式。故填causes。
7. 【2024·浙江卷 】Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 56 (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. 【答案】dishes
【解析】考查名词。此处指中国菜，表示泛指应该用名词复数，故填dishes。
8. 【2024·浙江卷 】F Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 64 (weigh) problems. 【答案】weight
【解析】考查名词。此处指体重问题，用名词修饰problems，故填weight。
9. 【2024·天津】The _______ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the other space. A. advice 【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：宇宙中其他星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。A. advice 建议； B. order命令； C. possibility 可能性； D. invitation 邀请。 故选C。 10. 【2016·天津】The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _____ of rain later tonight. A. effect 【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：天气预报说今天会是多云，后半夜可能有雨。A.影响；B.感觉；C.改变；D.机会，可能性。故选D。
11. 【2016·浙江】It is important to pay your electricity bill on time , as late payments may affect your ______. A. condition B. income C. credit D. status
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B. order C. possibility D. invitation
B. sense C. change D. chance
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：准时付电费很重要，因为付晚了会影响你的信用。condition 条件；income收入；credit学分，信用（卡）。 根据句意故选C。
12. 【2016·江苏】— Can you tell us your______ for happiness and a long life? — Living every day to the full, definitely. A. recipe 【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。名词recipe秘诀，食谱，药方；record记录；range范围；receipt收据，收条；句意：----你能告诉我你对幸福长寿的秘密吗？----当然是尽情享受每一天。根据句意可知A项意思，与上下文相符。
13.(2024·全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all (cause)． 答案：causes
解析：all 修饰可数名词复数。
14. (2024·全国卷Ⅱ)This switch has decreased (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. 15. 答案：pollution
解析： 作动词decrease 的宾语，用名词形式。
15. (2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This development was only possible with the (introduce) of electricpowered engines and lifts.3. introduction
16.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. 16.答案：effects
解析：此处用some 修饰，用名词复数。
17. (2017·全国卷Ⅱ)In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work. 答案crowds
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B. record C. range D. receipt
2024高考英语易错语法点30题专题01 名词(解析版)
