摘 要
矿井水灾，是煤矿五大自然灾害之一。在煤矿生产中，透水是公次于煤矿瓦斯突出的严重事故。矿井一旦发生水灾，轻则恶化生产环境，造成工作面接续紧张，破坏正常生产秩序，重则造成国家资源和财产的损失，造成伤亡或淹井事故。做好矿井防水工作，是保证矿井安全生产的重要内容之一。本文通过对水灾事故的诱发原因、对策以及事故处理的分析，提出一套矿井防治水措施，为煤矿持续、安全生产提供一定的理论依据。
关键词：矿井 ；水灾；防治
Take to
Coal mine flood, is one of the five natural disasters. In the production of the coal mine flooding is common, after the coal mine gas outburst accidents. The mine once floods, light deterioration of the production environment, cause working surface tension of continue, disrupt the normal order of production, it caused heavy national resources and property damage, injuries or inundation. Do a good job of mine waterproof work, is to ensure the safety in production of coal mine is one of the important contents. This article through to the flood accident causes, countermeasures and accident analysis, put forward a set of mine water prevention and control measures for coal mine safety production, continuous, provide certain theory basis.
Keywords: coal mine； flood； prevention
目 录
1引言 .................................................................................................................................... 3 2矿井水灾的分类 ................................................................................................................ 4
2.1地表水水灾 .................................................................................................................... 4 2.2孔隙水水灾 .................................................................................................................... 4 2.3裂隙水水灾 .................................................................................................................... 5
3矿井水灾发生的条件 ........................................................................................................ 5
3.1构造断裂带与接触带 ...................................................................................................... 5 3.2导水陷落柱 .................................................................................................................... 5 3.3采矿造成的裂隙通道 ...................................................................................................... 6 3.4封闭不良的钻孔 ............................................................................................................. 6
4影响涌水量大小的因素 .................................................................................................... 6
4.1充水岩层的出露条件和接受补给条件 ............................................................................. 6 4.2矿井的边界条件 ............................................................................................................. 7
4.2.1矿井的侧向边界条件 ............................................................................................... 7 4.2.2煤层顶底板的隔水或透水条件 ................................................................................. 7
4.3地质构造条件................................................................................................................. 8
5造成矿井水灾的原因 ........................................................................................................ 8 6矿井水防治技术 ................................................................................................................ 9
6.1地面水防治技术 ............................................................................................................. 9 6.2井下防治水技术 ........................................................................................................... 10
7矿井水灾对策 .................................................................................................................. 12
7.1 重视矿井防治 .............................................................................................................. 12 7.2 建立观测系统 .............................................................................................................. 12 7.3做好预报工作............................................................................................................... 12 7.4合理使用人才............................................................................................................... 12
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8矿井水灾防治措施 .......................................................................................................... 13 9矿井水灾对生产的影响 .................................................................................................. 13 10事故原因分及事故处理 ................................................................................................ 14
10.1人为方面因素 ............................................................................................................. 14 10.2客观方面原因 ............................................................................................................. 14
11总论 ................................................................................................................................ 15 参考文献 ............................................................................................................................. 16
1引言
煤矿在建设生产过程中，常受到水的危害，一旦发生水灾，不仅会影响矿井的正
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矿井水灾防治
