2005-2008年江苏专转本英语历年真题（含答案） 

Passage Two

Questions 6～10 are based on the following passage.

In general, the ancient Romans were a practicai people. They cared less about philosophy and pure mathematics than the Greeks did. The Romans were the best of the ancient engineers and architects. They were brilliant students of Greek geometry and trigonometry(三角学), and they applied their knowledge to the construction of fine bridges, roads, aqueducts(渠道) , and public buildings.

They knew about the smelting of iron ore, but they used the iron they produced mainly for spears, swords, and shields, rather than for building construction.

While the Romans accomplished practical wonders,they did very little theoretical scientific thinking. Because of their frequent wars, many of their inventions were no more than improvements in the design of Greek weapons with which they were familiar. There are two reasons for the Roman neglect of philosophy and pure mathematics.First,they were apparently too busy conquering nearby nations and forming them into a rapidly growing empire to waste much time on abstract thinking.

Secondly, they were handicapped(妨碍) by the rigidity of their numerical system. (Try to multiply XI by LVII or to divide CXLIII by IX;it simply cannot be done with pencil and paper.)The Romans did all of their arithmetic on an abacus, the ancient counterpart of the modern computing machine.Their number system discouraged the study of pure mathematics. 6. The author calls the Romans \ A. cared little about philosophy

B. applied their knowledge to construction

C. saw the necessity for developing theoretical science D. studied the past and learned from it

7. The ancient Romans did not concern themselves with ____. A. theoretical or abstract thought B. applied mathematics C. studying D. either A or C

8. In construction,the Romans made extensive use of ____.

A. iron ore B. geometry and trigonometry C. Greek mathematical thought D. both B and C

9. Many Roman inventions were based on Greek weapons because the ____. A.Greeks had superior weapons

B. Romans were involved in frequent wars

C. Romans were not familiar with many types of weapons D. Greeks proved themselves inspired inventors

10. The author of this passage probably wanted to explain why ____. A. he considers the Romans a practical people

B. Roman architects and engineers were the best in ancient times C. theoretical thinking is necessary for the growth of a nation D. the Romans contributed little to philosophical thought Passage Three

Questions 11～15 are based on the following passage.

Professor Barry Wellman of the University of Toronto in Canada has invented a term to describe the way many North Americans interact these days. The term is “networked individualism.”This concept is not easy to understand because the words seem to have opposite meanings. How can we be individuals and be networked at the same time? You need other people for networks.

Here is what Professor Wellman means. Before the invention of the Internet and e-mail, our social networks involved live interactions with relatives, neighbors, and colleagues at work. Some of the interaction was by phone, but it was still voice to voice, person to person, in real time.

A recent research study by the Pew Internet and American Life Project showed that for a lot of people, electronic interaction through the computer has replaced this person-to-person interaction. However, a lot of people interviewed for the Pew study say that's a good thing. Why?

In the past,many people were worried that the Internet isolated us and caused us to spend too much time in the imaginary world of the computer. But the Pew study discovered that the opposite is true. The Internet connects us with MORE real people than expected-helpful people who can give advice on careers,medical problems,raising children,and choosing a school or college.About 60 million Americans told Pew that the Internet plays an important role in helping them make major life decisions. Thanks to the computer,“networked individuals”are able to be alone and together with other people-at the same time!

11. The Pew study was conducted in ____.

A. The United States B. Canada C. The U. S. and Canada D. Europe 12. In this article,a network is a group of connected ____.

A. radio or TV stations B. people C. computers D. roads

13. Before the invention of the Internet,our connections with people took place mainly ____. A. in person B. by phone C. by letter D. by email

14. Which of the following has happened since the invcntion of the Internet and email? A. People are talking on the phone more than ever.

B. Interaction through the computer has replaced a lot of person to person interaction. C. Americans are turning into hermits.

D. Sixty million Americans have bought computers.

15. Which of the following was NOT one of the discoveries of the Pew study? A. The Internet has put us in touch with more people than expected.

B. People use the Internet to get advice on careers, medical problems, and other questions.

C. For many Americans,the Internet plays an important role in helping them make important decisions. D.“Internet addiction”is a growing problem among people who use computers. Passage Four (非英语类学生必做,16～20小题。) Questions 16～20 are based on the following passage.

Summers with father were always enjoyable. Swimming, hiking, boating, fishing-the days were not long enough to contain all of our activities. There never seemed to be enough time to go to church, which disturbed some friends and relations. Accused of neglecting this part of our education, my father instituted a summer school for my brother and me. However, his summer course included ancient history, which Papa felt our schools neglected, and navigation, in which we first had a formal examination in the dining room, part of which consisted of tying several knots in a given time limit. Then we were each separately sent on what was grandly referred to as a cruise in my father's 18-foot knockabout, spending the night on board, and loaded down, according to my mother, with enough food for a week. I remember that on my cruise I was required to formally plot our course, using the tide table, even though our goal was an island I could see quite clearly across the water in the distance.

16. What was the original reason for holding the summer school? A. The father wanted the children to learn more about religion. B. The children got poor grades in their regular school. C. The regular school teachers neglected the children.

D. Friends and relatives thought the children should learn religion. 17. The purpose of the cruise mentioned in the passage was to ____.

A. have fun B. test the author's sailing ability C. reward the author for completing summer school D. get to the island 18. Why did the author have to plot the course of her cruise?

A. She had to demonstrate her ability to do so. B. She was afraid of getting lost.

C. The coast was dangerous. D. The tides were strong. 19. How long did the author's cruise last?

A. All summer. B. Overnight. C. A week. D. One day, morning till night. 20. Apparently a knockabout is ____.

A. a seaman's knot B. a cruise C. an island D. a boat (英语类学生必做,16～20小题。)

Questions 16～20 are based on the following passage.

The three main types of secondary education in the United States have been provided by the Latin grammar school, the academy, and the public high school. The first of these was a colonial institution. It began in New England with the

establishment in 1635 0f the Boston Free Latin School.The curriculum consisted mainly of the classical languages, and the purpose of this kind of school was the preparation of boys for college, where most of them would be fitted for the ministry. The academy began in the early 1750's with Benjamin Franklin's school in Philadelphia, Which laterbecame the

University of Pennsylvania. It extended generally to about the middle of the nineteenth century, except in the southern states where the public high school was late in developing and where the academy continucd a principal means of secondary education even after 1900. The academy was open to girls as well as to boys, and it provided a wider curriculum than the Latin grammar school had furnished. It was designed not only as a preparation for college but also for practical life in commercial and business activities. Although its wide educational values were evident and are recognized as important contributions to secondary education in this country, the academy was never considered a public institution as the public high school has come to be.

The public high school had its origin in Massachusetts in 1821 when the English Classical School was established in Boston. In 1827, that state enacted the first state-wide public high-school law in the Untied States. By 1840, there were perhaps a dozen public high schools in Massachusetts and many in other eastern states;by 1850, they were also to be found in many other states.

Just as the curriculum of the academy grew out of that of the Latin grammar school, so the curriculum of the public high school developed out of that of the academy. The public high school in the United States is a rejection of the aristocratic(贵族) and selective principle of the European educational tradition. Since 1890, enrollments in secondary schools, mainly public high schools, have practically doubled in this country every ten years.

16. According to the author, the main types of secondary education in the United States have been provided by ____. A. New England establishments B. the Latin grammar school and the academy C. the public high school D. both B and C

17. According to the passage, which of the following sequences indicates the order in which the school developed? A. Latin grammar school, public high school, academy. B. Latin grammar school, academy, public high school. C. public high school,Latin grammar school, academy. D. public high school, academy, Latin grammar school. 18. Since 1890, secondary-school enrollments have ____. A. almost doubled every ten years B. practically doubled C. declined in enrollment D. increased tenfold

19. In the southern states, the principal means of secondary education even after 1900 continued to be the ____. A. Latin grammar school B. academy

C. classical language school D. church school

20. One can properly infer from this article that“Latin grammar school”refers to ____. A. the Boston Free Latin School

B. all elementray schools in the United States

C. schools which taught Latin exclusive of all other subjects

D. a number of grammar schools which developed in New England

Part Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure(共40小题,每小题1分,共 40分)

Directions: In this part there are 40 incomplete sentences. Each sentence is followed by four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and then mark your answer on the answer sheet. 21. Mary is one of the brightest students who ____from New York University. A. graduated B. have graduated C. had graduated D. has graduated

22. My friend's son, who is a soldier, was delighted when he was ____only a few miles from home. A. camped B. situated C. placed D. stationed

23. She has bought some lovely ____to make herself a dress. A. stuff B. clothing C. material D. pattern

24. She is pleased with what you have given her husband and ____you have told him. A. that B. which C. all what D. all that

25. I passed my exams but it was a long time ____my friends about it. A. that I didn't tell B. before I told C. after I told D. since I told 26. The stone statue in the city square was put up ____the fallen heroes. A. in memory of B. in search of C. in terms of D. in view of

27. When I applied for my passport to be renewed, I had to send a ____photo. A. fresh B. familiar C. recent D. late

28. The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also ____many social customs. A. join B. share C. create D. maintain

29. ____from the hill-top, the lake scenery is beyond description. A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D. Having seen

30. In many schools, students don't have easy access ____computers. A. of B. into C. for D. to

31. His success was due to ____he had been working hard all the time. A. that B. the fact which C. the fact that D. the fact what

32. He didn't want to go to the cinema but they begged ____so hard that he finally and went with them. A. gave off B. gave away C. gave out D. gave in 33. The toy boat turned over and sank to the ____of the pool. A. hot tom B. ground C. floor D. base

34. You mustn't be ____, or else you will make a lot of mistakes. A. quick B. hasty C. rapid D. fast

35. Do not disturb me. I ____letters all morning and have written six so far. A. write B. am writing C. was writing D. have been writing

36. Teachers always tell their students that it is no good ____today's work for tomorrow. A. to leave B. leaving C. left D. leave

37. I have really got angry with John because ____I suggest, he always disagrees. A. whatever B. anything C. what D. everything

38. George had great difficulty in swimming across the lake, but he finally succeeded on his fourth____. A. process B. attempt C. display D. intention

39. After much thought, the engineer found a very ____solution to the problem. A. logical B. necessary C. clever D. ordinary

40. Edison tested more than one thousand materials to see if they could ____electric current and glow. A. bring B. make C. carry D. produce

41. If we had known that she had planned to arrive today, we ____her at the bus station. A. will have met B. might meet C. had met D. might have met 42. When a machine is ____, suitable materials must be chosen for its parts.

A. building B. build C. to build D. to be built

43. His wide ____of the newspaper world enabled him to become a successful editor. A. career B. experience C. experiment D. information

44. Scientists have recently ____the theory that eating too much fat is bad for the heart. A. put forward B. put along C. put out D. put up

45. When we reached the station, the train had not arrived yet; so we ____. A. needed not to hurry B. needn't have hurried C. didn't need to hurry D. had not needed to hurry

46. Many things ____impossible in the past are quite common today.

A. considering B. being considered C. to be considered D. considered 47. We believe that the young generation will prove ____of our trust. A. worth B. worthy C. worthwhile D. worthless

48. The two elements ____water is made up are the gases-oxygen and hydrogen. A. that B. which C. of which D. with which

49. So fast ____that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. A. light travels B. travels light C. does light travels D. does light travel

50. Output is now six times ____it was before liberation. A. that B. which C. what D. of which

51. Most foreign businessmen are ____the government's new policy on foreign investment. A. in relation to B. in possession of C. in contrast of D. in favor of

52. He made such a ____contribution to the university that they are naming one of the new buildings after him. A. modest B. generous C. real D. adequate

53. It has always been the ____of our firm to encourage workers to take part in social activities. A. campaign B. procedure C. policy D. rule

54. We arranged to meet at the theatre at seven but she didn't ____. A. turn up B. turn down C. turn off D. turn round

55. The passengers ____out of the exit when we arrived at the airport.

A. were just coming B. just came C. are just coming D. just come

56. As soon as World War Ⅱ ended, Einstein urged that atomic energy ____to peaceful use. A. is put B. be put C. would be put D. will be put

57. Surveys have revealed that quite a lot of people watch TV only to ____time. A. waste B. spend C. kill D. take

58. Neither the teacher not her students ____to attend the meeting by the headmaster. A. has been asked B. has asked C. have asked D. have been asked

59. The photographs of Mars taken from satellites are ____than those taken from the earth. A. much clearer B. the clearest C. clearest D. more clearer

60. Although I hadn't seen him for years, I ____his voice on the telephone at once. A. realized B. recognized C. heard D. discovered Part Ⅲ Cloze(共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices. Choose the one that best fits into the passage and then mark your answer on the answer sheet. (非英语类学生必做,61～80小题。)

I arrived in the United States 61 February 6, 1986, but I remember my first day here very 62 . My friend was waiting for me when my 63 landed at Kennedy Airport at three o'clock in the afternoon. The weather was very 64 and it was snowing, but I was 65 excited to mind. From the airport, my friend and I 66 a taxi to my hotel. On the way, I saw the skyline