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ServoWorks CNC can according to the needs of users customize the G/M/S/T macro call simplify nc programming, commonly used machine tool movement program can be integrated into a command, such as using M06 complete the change movement.The macro program can call with the same auxiliary M instructions.Within the system to specify instructions stored mobile storage unit classification, such as G00, G01, G02G03 instructions stored in the system variables such as # 4001.Macro calls the method is as follows:
O9001 G40G80 #510=#4001 #511=#4001 #512=#4003 #513=#1032AND256 #514=#BIN[#513]
（IF[#512EQ#514]GOTO N 1000） G90G30Z0 M19 M6
G#510G#511 N1000M99
4.The PLC program development
Automatic tool change the PLC program mainly includes the library choose tool and sword arm in application.ServoWorksPLC program addresses are: machine tools to the PLC input signal (X), PLC to the input signal (Y) machine tools, CNC engine signal to the PLC engine (F), PLC engine to the CNC engine signal (G), intermediate relay (R), counter (C), the timer (T), etc.The following \change by PLC.
4.1 Library choose knife PLC program
LadderWorksPLC based automatic tool change order (as shown in figure 3) are: tools, search instructions DSCH, rotating direction and distance calculation ROTB CTR, library rotating tool count instructions.
DEX - A402 tool library tooling capacity for 24, dao library to choose the main PLC program as shown in figure 5.Program R270 storage target tool, DSCH instruction in D20 of 25 the address of the storage unit to find the same as the R270
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content, and stored in the R280;CO specifies the tooling capacity, tool library ROTB instruction real-time computing target tool R290 and current tool cup, cup on C2, the step distance and direction between the R283 from storage cloth, R203.6 storage direction of rotation;C2 count done by CRT instruction, knife library rotation direction R960.3 decided to C2 counts increase and decrease, R200.4 for signals of count.
4.2 The knife arm in PLC program
In the rotation of the PLC program to realize tool arm motion control.Automatic tool change through the motor drive the CAM arm movement control the knife, knife arm with wheel braking signals and the CAM signal wheel brake signal, pine nipped dao signals, the origin, through the above signal sequence diagram write brake position.Position 1 corresponds to the origin position, position 2 corresponding tool arm forward 60 degrees, position 3 corresponding knife arm is turned 180 degrees.This research according to the flow chart of tool change written in tool PLC program, as shown in figure 6.
Fig.5.Library choose tool application Fig6.In PLC program 4.3 Storage unit number swaps
Automatic tool changer is a random continuous process, the tool change after the completion of the need to modify the content in the storage unit, ensure accurate tool change next time.Storage unit tool, swaps, complete the spindle cutter number D20 and present corresponding tool, tool cup on D + C2 (20) exchange, through the intermediate storage D18 transition, specific implementation way as shown in figure 7.
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Fig.7.Access unit knife swaps
XMOV instructions to complete the storage unit data read, write, read operation on RW = 0, RW = 1 to perform write operations.
5.Test
Ladder Works console is a collection of PLC program creating, editing, compilation, operation monitoring and debugging of PLC control platform.Ladder Works PLC all sorts of function instruction is complete, the programming method is simple, support \the requirements for Ladder Works PLC programming corresponding statements table, save to \the PLC programming.As a tool of built-in PLC system software type, machine tool distribution Ladder Works PLC software needs specially configured when external I/O communication module to achieve PLC communicate with outside of the actuator.This design USES the BECKHOFF company EL1004 as a signal input module, EL2889 as a signal input module.
Finally this study will design the automatic tool change the PLC program and the macro program application in YY - 1060 machining center, verify the accuracy and reliability of the program.Open system, in manual programming model (MDI) under the dispatch 1 tool to tool change position, initialization of tool library, then select use T command specified within the scope of the cutting tool.Verified the system automatically calculates the shortest tool library rotating path method as shown in table 1.
Table 1 Knife library rotating path is calculated
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When the specified target tool, beyond the cutting tool, the system error.After many debugging, complete the closest cutter replacement (library rotating a tool) need 4 s, the farthest distance in tool (library rotating 12 knife) need 6 s.Experimental results show that the designed system in our study randomly choose tool accurate tool change process, no disorderly knife phenomenon, tool change motion stability, can well satisfy the processing center automatic tool changer of quickness, accuracy and stability requirements.
6.Conclusion
Compared with the traditional automatic tool change control system, based on the technology of ServoWorks LadderWorksPLC built-in software type, with automatic tool change dedicated control instruction, greatly simplifies the programming of nc machining center tool change system and maintenance difficulty.At the same time, the technology and CNC technology can quickly and accurately finish the tool change process.With the development of pure software CNC technology, the control method will be widely used.
References
[1] ZhanShu Liu. Machining center structure, maintenance and debugging [M]. Beijing: China Machine Press, 2003.
[2] ChangJi Deng, GuanLian Jiang. Based on the PLC automatically choose knife knife application and development [J]. Journal of combination machine tools and automatic processing technology, 2010 (6) : 53-56.
[3] GU jian,NIU Yun-yan. Research on the Structure and PLC Control of a New Automatic Tool Changer[ C ]//2011 International Conference on Consumer Electronics, Communications and Networks.United States;IEEE Computer Society,
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[4] ZHANG Lian-zhong, WANG LI. Machining Center Automatic ATC Analysis and Researh [ C ]//3rd International Conference on Industrial Engineering. United States; IEEE Computer Society, 2010; 355-358.
[5] Mitsubishi. CNC EZMotion-NC E60 PLC programming Manual[ Z ]. Mitsubishi, 2002.
[6] Yin Li. Pure software of open numerical control system research and reference on the machining center [D]. Xiamen: xiamen university school of physical and mechanical and electrical, 2009.
[7] DENG Chang-qi, LI Bin. The Application and Development of Automatic Tool Selection in Tool Magazine based on PLC [ C ]//2010 International Conference on Manufacturing Engineering and Automation, ICMEA2010.Germany: Trans Tech Publications, 2010: 1959-1962.
[8] Sofe Servo System INC. ServoWorks CNC LadderWorksPLC User’s Manual[ Z ]. Soft Servo System Inc, 2006.
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