inviting (a.): . an inviting smell (英英解释：something that is inviting is attractive and makes you want to experience it)
engaging (a.): . one of her most engaging and least known novels . engaging smile
21. fall, decline, descend, dive, drop, plummet, plunge, sink, decrease(improve),go down, slump, cut,
dip,
22. depend on,rely upon(on),count on,lean on,reckon on,rest on,bank on,
23. 资金，金融，补助，福利，工资fund,finance,pay for,subsidize,salary,economic,welfare, wage, money,
income, fee,
说白了，这组词都是和钱有关的
welfare (n.): 福利（健康和幸福），这个词不要和farewell 弄混淆了，这个词是古语表示再见的意思，有不讲述关于同性恋的电影叫Farewell, my concubine—霸王别姬
很多考生都会认为福利和钱还是有差别的，福利是无形的，钱是看得见的，不过从个根本来说，福利其实就是种金钱激励（至少西方人是这么认为的），所以welfare和钱是相关词。
. Annabelle stopped getting welfare benefits when her husband landed a minimum-wage job. subsidize (v.): 补助（sub-这个前缀的意思表示：under or below a particular level or thing） 补助的方式有很多，但归根结底都可以用钱来表示，在这点上可以参考welfare . Farming is heavily subsidized (=subsidized a lot) wage (n./v.): 工资
. The wage increases will come into effect in June. . minimum wage/ wage-packet
(an envelope that contains your wages)/
by the government.
注意：wage作为动词用，解释为发动（战争或者运动的意思）
. wage a campaign/struggle/battle etc；wage war (on somebody/something)
24. again,once more,anew,afresh,in addition,
25. 第一，最初，最早first, earliest, oldest, initial, original(反义词copy), introduction, commencement,
pioneer, coin, launch, debut,
pioneer (n./v.): 先锋 （也就是第一批做某件事的人），所以pioneer和first的关系也属于定义型相关 . The new cancer treatment was pioneered in the early eighties by Dr Sylvia Bannerjee. . He was a
pioneer in the field of biotechnology.
initial (a./v.): 头文字D的全称就是Initial Drift(drift是漂移的意思) . The two countries have initialled a new defence co-operation agreement. . initial stage/phase/period
original (a.): 这个词在阅读中很多时候用来修饰一件艺术品，意思就是说这件作品是真的，不是后人仿造的或者赝品，所以original在这里和copy是反义词。 . the original painting
coin (v.): 发明，创造（当然包含第一次的意思了） . The word 'cybershot' was coined by SONY.
introduction (n.): 引进the act of bringing something somewhere for the first time(英英解释) . the introduction of Buddhism to China nearly 2000 years ago
launch (v.): 我们熟知的意思为火箭的发射，考试中常用的意思为开始或者推广 . The company hopes to launch the new drug by next October. debut (n./v.): 初次登场
. Paula is the only artist to achieve four number ones from a debut album. . He made his Major League debut as shortstop. . The show will debut next Monday at .
26. hazard, danger, risk, threat, jeopardy, peril,
27. 常见的，寻常的usual,normal,common,general,habitual,ordinary,regular,routine,typical,
habitual (a.): 习惯性的
. an habitual smoker/drinker/liar/criminal
routine (a./n.): 例行公事，常规
. Staying at your desk until pm has become routine. . routine tasks/jobs
28. impossible,out of the question,unachievable,unobtainable,impracticable,unattainable,
29. 额外的，补充的extra,additional,added,supplementary,
30. ignore,overlook,neglect,pass over,turn a blind eye to,disregard,
31. change,modify,alter,shift,vary,convert,mutate,reorganize,
32. easy,not difficult,child's play,effortless,no trouble,a piece of cake,
33. 潮湿的damp,wet,moist,humid,cave,
cave (n.): 山洞
同样的，cave和潮湿的意思也是相关，但不同义，这种同义关系属于特征类转换，也就是说山洞具有的特征之一就是潮湿性，这个同义关系在考试中还有不少，随后还会陆续举出 damp (a.): . damp clothes
moist (a.): . Her eyes were moist (= with tears). humid (a.): . The island is hot and humid in the summer.
34. 反对object, oppose, argue against, protest, disagree, dispute, quarrel, contradict, anti-,
35. vision,sight,image,
36. appreciate,be aware of,realize,recognize,
37. curve,bend,arc,wavy,
38. 导致，产生breed,produce,arouse,bring about,cause,generate,give rise to,lead to,result in,contribute
to,be responsible for, create,
breed (v./n): 本义：繁殖/品种，引申为产生(原句：Isolation breeds linguistic diversity 地域的隔离导致/产生语言的多样性)
. Poverty is a breeding ground for crime.
. Poor living conditions breed violence and despair.
contribute to: contribute大家最常用的意思是贡献，所以很多考生都有个思维定势是，这个词只能导致好的结果。其实不然，这个短语是个中性词，后面接好的或者是坏的结果都是可以的。 . Stress is a contributing factor
in many illnesses.
arouse (v.): . He works hard to arouse his students' curiosity.
bring about: . A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction of the rainforests.
generate (v.): . The program would generate a lot of new jobs.
generation (n.): 有产生还有一代人的意思 . the new generation of mobile phones generation gap：代沟
Generation X ：90后（没有目标的一代人） Generation Y ：80后
39. 灭绝，消失extinct, vanished, gone, lost(loss), die out, kill off, disappear, absence,
extinct (a.): 这个词很多考生不会用，注意这个词是形容词，不是动词（不要少了形容词前的be动词）。 . Dinosaurs have been extinct for millions of years.
extinct volcano 死火山/active volcano 活火山/dormant volcano休眠火山 vanish (v.): . a rapidly vanishing way of life . The bird
vanished from sight.
absence (n.): 缺少，缺乏
. The case was dismissed in the absence of any definite proof.
. absence makes the heart grow fonder 距离产生美
40. diversity, difference, variety, diverseness, range, variation,
41. inevitable,unavoidable,certain,sure,inescapable,
42. 疾病，痛苦complaint,illness,disease,sickness,upset,affliction,ailment,malady,
complaint (n.): 委婉语：疾病/抱怨，投诉
大家先看看disease这个词的构成，dis-是一个否定前缀，ease的形容词是easy，就是轻松，舒服的意思，由此可见，disease其实本来也是个委婉语，后来逐渐的就没有委婉的意思了，complaint也有这个趋势。 . a kidney complaint（可不要解释为肾脏的抱怨） . minor complaints like headaches upset (n.): stomach upset affliction (n.): 非常正式的说法
. Smoking is a major cause of cancer and other afflictions. ailment (n.): 不是很严重的病 . minor ailments
maladay (n.): 老式用法，还可引申为一种很严重的社会问题
. Violent crime is only one of the maladies afflicting modern society.
43. because(of),due to,since,for,by reason of,in that,on account of,owing to,thanks to,
44. 独特的unique, gifted, unparalleled, incomparable, unequalled, unrivalled,
unique和gifted是真题中出现的一对相关词。原文中某些运动员的基因很独特，题目说他们很有天赋，意思是一致的。
unique (a.): . Joan has a unique talent for languages. unparalleled (a.): 无与伦比的
. He has an unparalleled knowledge of local history.
雅思阅读同义替换词大总结
