advise sb. to do sth.
如:She advised her parents to give up smoking, but they wouldn’t listen.
《学位英语》复习资料 3
她劝她的父母戒烟,但他们不听。
persuade sb. to do “说服某人干某事”,其结果是成功的。
sth. 如:Tom persuaded his father to give up smoking at last. 汤姆终于说服 他父亲戒烟了。
try to persuade sb. “尽力说服某人干某事”,相当于advise sb.to do sth。 to do sth. 如:I tried to persuade him to continue his study, but I failed. 我尽力 劝他继续学习,但没有成功。 10、affect v. 影响 【辨析】affect 和effect
affect 影响(动词),如: Smoking affects health.
effect 效果,影响(名词),如:Government policy will not have any effect on us. 【短语】have effect on sth. 对…有影响,对…起作用;cause and effect 因果关系 『例』(1)The disease C his mind so that he lost his memory. A. effected B. impressed C. affected D. hurt
『解析』句意:这种病影响了他的思维,因此他失去了记忆力。
(2)Once out of the earth’s gravity, the astronaut is A by the problem of weightlessness.
A. affected B. effected C. inclined D. reflected
『解析』句意:一旦失去了地球的重力,宇航员将会受到失重的影响。incline 有…倾向;reflect 反映,
体现。
11、ago adv. 以前,…以前 【辨析】ago 和before
(1)ago 表示“从现在起的若干时间以前”,意思是“距今…以前”,需和过去时或过去进行时连用。before
泛指“从过去起的若干时间以前”,意思是“距过去某时…以前”,常和完成时连用,尤其在间接引语中。
如:I visited him three days ago, but he had gone to Shanghai a week before.
(2)如果不具体表明多少时间以前,只用before 不用ago,意为“从前、以前”。before 仍以副词的形 式置于被修饰语后。
如:Have you seen this film before? 你以前看过这部电影吗? 12、alike adj. 相同的,相像的;adv. 相同地;同样地,相等地
adj. 相同的,相像的
如:My mother and I are alike in many ways.
adv. 同样地,相等地
如:The twins were dressed alike.
I learned a lot from teacher and students alike. 【辨析】alike, like 和likely
(1)alike 形容词,“相像的”(作表语)。如:She and her mother are alike in appearance. (2)like 介词,相像的。 如:He looks like his brother.
(3)likely 形容词,可能的(常用短语be likely to do)。如:He is likely to be absent from school today.
13、alive adj. 活的
【用法】表语性形容词,在句中只能作表语,不能作定语。
【注意】可以作状语使用,表示活活地,如:bury sb. alive 把某人活埋 【辨析】alive, live, living, lively 和lovely (1)alive 活的(表语形容词)。
如:To live is not just to be alive, but to be alive is to live. 一个人不是为了活才生,而是为了生才活。
(2)live 活的(不死的),有生命的(作定语);直播的(节目)。 如:Mother bought some live fish yesterday. 昨天妈妈买了几条活鱼。 Live programme 直播节目
(3)living 活着的(在世的,现存的),(尤指)现在的。
如:He is one of the greatest living composers in the world. 他是在世的最伟大的作曲家之一。
(4)lively 活泼的。
如:He is always a bright and lively child. 他是一个聪明活泼的孩子。
《学位英语》复习资料 4
(5)lovely adj. 可爱的,秀美的;令人愉快的,美好的。 如:You look lovely in blue. 你穿蓝衣服看起来很漂亮。 14、all adj./pron. 全部
【辨析】above all 和after all,in all,at all “首先、最重要的是”,常位于句首或句中。 above all
如:But above all tell me quickly what I have to do. 可首先快些告诉我该做什么。
after all “毕竟、终究、终归、到底”,可位于句首、句中或句末。 “总共”,既可放在句首,也可放在句末。 in all
如:There are 25,000 people in all. 这儿共有25,000 人。 用于否定句,“丝毫;根本”。 at all
如:He doesn’t like you at all. 他根本不喜欢你。
『例』(1)I think we should let Maria go camping with her boyfriend. B , she's a big girl now.
A. Above all B. After all C. First of all D. For all
『解析』句意:我想我们应该让Maria 和他的男朋友一起去宿营。毕竟她现在已经长大了。“for all + 名
词”意为“尽管”,如:For all his wealth, he was unhappy. 尽管他富有,但他并不幸福。 (2)It isn't so much whether he works hard; The question is whether he works C . A. above all B. in all C. at all D. after all
『解析』句意:问题不在于他是否努力工作,问题是他究竟现在还工作不工作。 15、almost adv. 几乎,差不多 【辨析】almost 和most,mostly
almost adv. 几乎 如:It was almost dark when he reached there. 他到那 里的时候,天差不多黑了。
adj./n. 大多数的,大部分
的
如:Most students like English. 大多数学生喜欢英语。
I was in Shanghai most of the time. 我大部分时间在上 most 海。
adv. 十分,非常,很(用
来修饰副词,形容词或动词)
如:Guilin is a most beautiful city. 桂林是座非常美丽的 城市。
mostly adv. 通常,在多数情况下 如:She is mostly out on Sundays. 她星期日通常外出。 16、alone adj. 独自一人的 【辨析】alone 和lonely
(1)alone“独自一人”,没有感情色彩,只作表语。 (2)lonely“孤独;寂寞”,能作定语和表语。
如:When she is alone, she feels lonely. 剩下她一人时她就感到寂寞。 【辨析】alone 和only
alone, only 均可表“只有”,但alone 须置于被修饰词之后,only 往往置于被修饰词前。 如:He alone can remember the story. 只有他才能记起这段经历。(= Only he can remember the story.)
【辨析】altogether 和all together
“完全”(=entirely)或“总的说来”(=on the whole) altogether 如:He was not altogether satisfied. 他不完全满意。 Altogether, he was satisfied. 总的说来,他是满意的。 “一起”或“总共”
all together 如:Let’s sing the song all together. 我们一起唱歌吧。 All together fifty people have registered. 总共有五十个人登记了。