自考英语二最全复习资料

2012年自考英语二复习资料

2012年自考英语二复习资料（1） 重点单词、词组详讲

1. interview: n/v 采访、面试；interviewer: n 采访者； interviewee: n 被采访者 e.g. 1>. Who's the most famous person you've ever interviewed on TV?

2>. In a TV interview last night, she denied she had any intention of resigning.

2. criticism: n 批评，评论； criticize: v 批评； critical: a 批评的、挑剔的、关键的；critic: n 评论家, 请填填看。

1> He is a literary ______.

2> We are at a _______time in our history. 3> He can't take ________.

4> The boy was ______ by his father for being late for school. Answers: critic, critical, criticism, criticized

3. indifference: n 冷漠、漠不关心；indifferent: a 冷漠的，反义词：enthusiastic: 热情的 cf: different: a 不同的，名词：difference; 反义词：same. 4. inefficiency: n 无效，由此联想得到：

efficient: a 高效率的； efficiency: n inefficient: a 低效率的

5. conservative: a 保守的、保存的； conserve: v 保存； conservation: n 6. apply to sb for sth: 向某人申请某物

e.g. The student applied to the embassy for a visa. 7. take the trouble to do sth: 不辞劳苦、费力地做某事

e.g. If you took the trouble to listen to what I was saying, you'd know what I was talking about. 8. put oneself in somebody's place: 设身处地…

If you put yourself in your mother's place, you will understand why she is so worried about you. 9. in hand: 手头上有，进行中

I've got enough money in hand to buy a new car. 10. turn down: 调小，降低，拒绝

Turn down the TV, for the baby is sleeping.

He turned down the job because the pay isn't good enough. 课文难句分析

1. The key words here are preparation and confidence, which will carry you far. （p2） 译：这里的关键词是准备和自信，它们将使你前程远大。

分析：which will carry you far非限定性定语从句，修饰preparation and confidence。另外请注意：key关键的；preparation是prepare的名词；confidence: n 信心。Confident: a 有信心的；self-confidence: 自信心。

2. Find out all you can about the job you are applying for and the origination you hope to work for. (p4)

译：了解你所申请的工作和你希望为之工作的组织。

分析：you are applying for定语，修饰the job; you hope to work for定语修饰the origination。词组：apply to sb for sth向某人申请什么。

3. It shows an unattractive indifference to your employer and to your job. (p6) 译：它表明你对雇主和你的工作的态度冷漠，不感兴趣。

分析：it主语；shows谓语；an unattractive indifference宾语；to your employer and to your job间接宾语。Show sth to sb=show sb sth.另外，请注意：indifference: 冷漠，漠视。

4. He wants somebody who is hard-working with a pleasant personality and a real interest in the job. (p7)

分析：who is hard-working with a pleasant personality and a real interest in the job全部都是定语，修饰somebody。注意介词with表示带有。。； have interest in sth对…有兴趣。

5. Anything that you find out about the prospective employer can be used to your advantage

during the interview to show that you have bothered to master some facts about the people who you hope to work for. (p8)

译：你找到的任何有关未来雇主的信息在面试中都能为你所用，以表示你费了心思去掌握一些关于你希望为其工作的人的事实。 分析：从这个句子的长度大家也能看出这是一个复杂句。主体结构为：anything can be used to your advantage. that you find out about the prospective employer是定语从句；during the interview状语；to show that you have bothered to master some facts about the people who you hope to work for是目的状语；who you hope to work for是另外一个定语从句修饰the people. 词组：to your advantage: 对你有利；work for sb为某人工作。

6. Do not be afraid to ask for clarification of something that has been said during the interview if you want to be sure what was implied, but do be polite. (p10)

译：面试中如果你想确切地知道某些话的含义，不要害怕请对方解释清楚，但一定要有礼貌。 分析：基本句型：not be afraid to do sth; 不要害怕去做某事；ask for clarification要求澄清；that has been said during the interview定语，修饰something; what was implied宾语；do be polite: 其中do为了强调，如：do be careful! I do love you! He does lie to us!

7. Have the letter inviting you for an interview ready to show in case there is any difficulty in communication. (p16)

译： 拿着邀请你面试的通知书，以防万一交谈出现困难时显示。

分析：这是一个祈使句。Have动词，拿着；the letter宾语；inviting you for an interview现在分词做定语；ready to show状语；in case there is any difficulty in communication条件状语从句；词组：there is some difficulty in sth/doing sth在…方面有困难。如：We have some difficulty speaking English fluently.

8. There is little likelihood that a panel of five wants to go through the process of all shaking hands with you in turn. (p20)

译：由五个人构成的专门小组几乎不可能轮流与你握手。 分析：这句话的重点在于that a panel of five ants to go through the process of all shaking hands with you in turn是一个同位语从句，是对little likelihood的解释。其中：likelihood: n 可能性，相当于possibility; go through经历； in turn:轮流。

9. Would you mind rephrasing the question, please? (p23) 译：您介意换个说法来问这个问题吗？

分析：考点mind doing sth. 如： Would you mind turning down the TV? 语法：介绍as的相关用法

as是一个乍一看简单，但实际在英语中用法很复杂的小词。从词类上讲，可以用作介词、副词、连词以及关系代词；从语法功能角度来看，可以构成介词宾语，引导原因状语从句，时间状语从句，方式状语从句，让步状语从句，比较状语从句和定语从句。此外as还出现在很多固定搭配中，如： as if, as though, as long as, as to, as for, so as to, etc.

请看下列例句,并请分析出as的具体用法。

1. I work as an English teacher in a middle school. 2. Run as fast as you can.

3. Young as he is, he knows more than I.

4. Just as I was leaving, the telephone rang. 5. Please do as I have told you.

6. As I am the oldest child in my family, I must take care of the other children. 7. Such people as you have described are rare now

2011年自考英语二复习资料（2） Learn new words and phrases

1. astronomer: n 天文学家；astronomy: n 天文学

2.explode: v 爆炸,由此联想：explosive: a 爆炸性的/n 炸药；explosion: n 爆炸

1). When the bomb______, many people were seriously wounded. 2). The unexpected ________ frightened the little girl.

3). It might be possible to convert _____ energy into heat. Answers: exploded, explosion, explosive

3. density: n 密度；联想产生：dense: a 密度大的，反义词：sparse;

densely: ad高密度地；densely-populated人口稠密的；sparsely-populated人口稀疏的 1). The ____ fog kept the travelers from finding the correct direction. 2). The business area of the city is _____ populated. 3). This liquid has a much greater ____ than water. Answers: dense, densely, density 4. shrink: v 收缩、退缩、缩水

1). As a result of careless washing, the jacket has shrunk to a child's size. 2).The girl shrinks at the sight of blood. 5. measurement: n 衡量、测量；

由此联想：measure: n措施/v 衡量、测量；measurable: a 可衡量的，可测量的 1). We must take _____ to protect our environment. 2). We have come within ______ distance of success. 3). Clocks give us a ______ of time.

4). There the rainfall is ______ not in inches but in feet. Answers: measures, measurable, measurement, measured

6.implication: n 含义、暗示；imply: v 暗示 7. basis: n 基础、根据，

由此可以联想得到：base: n 底部；v 以…为底，为根据；basic: a 基础的，根本的； basically: ad 根本上来说,

1). If you want to improve your English, you must have a solid ______.

2). The furniture of out dorm is really _____: two beds, two chairs and tables. 3). The charges are false for they are not ______ on proven facts.

4). Since no better plan can be worked out, we have to adopt the ____ workable one. Answers: basis, basic, based, basically 8. observatory: n 天文台；由此可以联想得到：

observe: v 观察；observation: n 观察；observer: n 观察家

9. convincing: a 有说服力的，使人信服的；convince: v 使人信服；convinced: a 感到有说服力的，常见搭配：convince sb of sth; convince sb that 1). He gave us a convincing speech. 2). He convinced me f his sincerity.

10. operate: v 运转、操作、动手术；operation : n 手术，操作；operator: 操作者 11. research into对…进行研究

She is researching into possible cures for AIDS. 12. swallow up: 吞没、耗尽

Many small businesses have been swallowed up by large companies. 13. apply to sb/sth：适用于某人/某事，请对比：

apply to sb for sth向某人申请某事；apply A to B将A 应用于B 1). You should apply what you have learned to your work. 2). I applied to him for a new job.

3). The study method doesn't apply to everyone Analyze the important sentences among the text

1. Well, it's difficult to answer this question, since the terms we would normally use to describe a scientific phenomenon are inadequate here.(p1)

译：哦，这个问题很难回答，因为我们通常用来描述一种科学现象的现有术语在这里不够用。

句子分析：it是形式主语，to answer this question是句子主语；since引导原因状语从句，we would normally use to describe a scientific phenomenon是定语从句，修饰terms; inadequate: 不充分的，不合格的。 2. Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space not a thing into which matter has fallen and from which nothing can escape---not even light. (p1)

译：天文学家和科学家认为黑洞是一个空间区域，而不是一个物体，物质会掉进黑洞而没有物体可以从中逃脱出来，即使是光也不行。

句子分析：into which和from which引导两个定语从句，介词：into和fall搭配；from 和escape搭配。这种介词+which的定语从句的形式请多注意。

3. The theory is that some stars explode when their density increases to a particular point. (p2) 译：（关于黑洞形成的）理论就是一些星球的密度增长到某个特定的点就会爆炸。

句子分析：这是一个主系表结构句。that用来引导表语从句，不可省略。其中又包含一个when引导的时间状语从句。to a particular point是达到某一个特定的点的含义。

4. But if the star is very large (much bigger than our sun) this process of shrinking may be so intense that a black hole results. (p2) 译：但如果星球很大（比我们的太阳还要大得多），其收缩过程可能很剧烈，以致于产生了黑洞。 句子分析：这是一个if引导的条件状语从句，so…that表示如此…以致，是结果状语从句。 如：I'm so tired that I can even sleep on my way home.

5. Imagine the earth reduced to the size of a marble, but still having the same mass and a stronger gravitational pull, and you have some idea of the force of a black hole. (p2)

译：假想一下地球收缩到弹球儿那么大，但仍具有同样的质量和更强的吸引力，你就会对黑洞的力量又某种概念。 句子分析：该句的主要结构为imagine….and you ……事实上相当于if you imagine…, you will have some idea….. 这种句子结构在历年的考试中曾出现过。请记住：祈使句+ and + 陈述句= if引导的条件状语从句。如：Hurry up and you can catch the last train!

另外，该句还有两个定语成分reduced to the size of a marble和having the same mass and a stronger gravitational pull用来修饰the earth.前者为过去分词，而后者为现在分词。词组： have some idea of sth对…有所了解

6. It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes. (p3line13--14)

译：只是近来科学家才开始对黑洞进行具体的研究。

句子分析：本句的核心结构为it is…that的强调句型，强调时间状语only recently。词组：research into sth对…进行研究。

7. The most convincing evidence of black holes comes from research into binary star systems. (p4)

译：有关黑洞最有说服力的证据来自对双星体系的研究。

句子分析：该句主语evidence，谓语comes from；宾语research into binary star systems。

The most convincing是定语，修饰evidence.其中请注意convincing:令人信服的，通常修饰物的形容词多以-ing结尾；而修饰人的多以-ed结尾。如：

I feel excited after hearing the surprising news.

8. Matter from the one which we can see is being pulled towards the companion star. (p4) 译：我们所看到的星球的物质正在被吸引到伴星去。

句子分析：主语matter; 谓语is being pulled，这是一个进行被动语态；towards the companion star介词宾语；from the one which we can see定语。

9. On the other hand, scientists have suggested that very advanced technology could one day make use of the energy of black holes for mankind. (p5line4--6) 译：另一方面，科学家也提出有一天高科技会利用黑洞的力量为人类服务。

句子分析：请注意在本句中suggest不是建议的含义，是指出、指明的意思。advanced高级的、先进的；make use of sth利用…，该词组可以拓展成：make good use of 好好加以利用；make full use of充分加以利用。

10. They show us a world which operates in a totally different way from our own and they question our most basic experience of apace and time.(p5)

译：他们展示给我们一个不同于我们自己的世界运行方式的世界，并对我们最基本的时空经验提出了质疑。

句子分析：这个句子复杂在于：从which引导的很长的定语从句，特别注意;operate：v 操作；in a way以某种方式；be different from同…不同；question: v 质疑，询问。

2011年自考英语二复习资料（3） Learn new words and phrases

1. weaken: v 削弱、减弱，字根：weak: a 虚弱的 构词形式：adj/n + en或en + adj/n = v

Shorten, enlarge, enable, enrich, loosen, tighten etc.

2. nationwide: a 全国范围的，通过该词我们可以得到：worldwide:全世界范围的，regionwide, etc. 3.legal: a 合法的，反义词：illegal,不合法的；legalize: v 使…合法化。 The Netherlands became the first country to legalize euthanasia. 4. ensure: v 确保、担保，常见用法如下：

1). The police can ensure the witness from danger.

2). We can ensure that the work will be done in the right way. 5. oppose: v 反对、对抗；名词：opposition , 形容词：opposed 1). What he said was totally opposed to the facts.

2). Many people oppose building a new highway because of the great cost. 6. tradition: n 传统，由此可以联想到：

traditional: a; traditionally: ad; 反义词为：modern

1). _____ Chinese medicine is believed to be effective for many diseases. 2). It's important to keep up the fine ____ of plain living and hard work. 3). Christmas is ____ a holiday for a family to get together. Answers: Traditional, tradition, traditionally

7. consideration: n 考虑、体谅、照顾，由此可以联想到：

Consider: v 考虑；considerate: a 体谅的，be considerate of; considerable: a 相当多的。请练习一下： 1). Losing 30 pounds changed her appearance _____. 2). It is very ____ of you to send me a birthday card.

3). The matter is receiving the serious ____ of the manager. 4). He left behind him a ____ amount of debt.

Answers: considerably, considerate, consideration, considerable 8. disabled: a 残疾的，伤残的，由此可以联想到：

able: a 有能力的；be able to do sth; unable: a 没有能力的；enable: v 使人能够enable sb to do sth; ability: n 能力；disable: v 使人残疾

1). As long as they are physically ____, they tend to live on their own. 2). The _____ to be clearly heard is extremely important for any speaker. 3). I'd like to go to the cinema, but I'm _____ to.

4). Education should ____ every student to develop morally, intellectually and physically. 5). A car accident ____ him from playing football. 6). Special care should be given to the ______.

Answers: able, ability, unable, enable, disabled(v), disabled(a)

9. prohibition: n 禁止、禁令，prohibit: v prohibit sb from doing sth;

10. sensitive: a 敏感的， be sensitive to sb/sth; 同根词：sensible: a 明智的，be sensible of sth 1). I am sensitive to your criticism.

2). It's sensible of you to make such a decision. Analyze the important sentences among the text

1. Affected with a serious disease, Van Wendel was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating. (p2)

译：因患有严重的疾病，Van Wendel再也不能清楚地讲话了，他知道他已经没有康复的可能，其病情正在迅速恶化。 句子分析：Affected with a serious disease是过去分词短语做原因状语，可以改写成原因状语从句：because he was affected with a serious disease, ….另外，there was no hope of recovery和that his condition