【英语】中考英语虚拟语气解题技巧及练习题(含答案)
一、初中英语虚拟语气
1. I________ a big house for my family if I _____ a lot of money. A.would buy, have C.will buy; had 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果我有很多钱,我要给家人买个大大的房子。句子用虚拟语气,所以动词用过去式,would,had,故选B。 考点:考查虚拟语气。
B.would buy, had
D.will buy, will have
2.If I not so busy ,I with you . A.was , would go B.were , would go C.was , should go D.were , will go 【答案】B
【解析】句意“如果我不忙,我就跟你去”。本题考查对将来的虚拟语气。即“if+过去时,主语+should/would/could/might do”结构。故选B。 点睛: 虚拟情况 从句 主句 should/would/could/might+do should/would/could/might+have done 对现在的虚拟 过去式(be一般用were) 对过去的虚拟 had+过去分词 过去式(be一般用were) 对将来的虚拟 should+动词原形 were+to do should/would/could/might+do
3.You should_______ watched TV. There is so much work to do, A.not have B.have not C.not D.not having 【答案】A 【解析】
句意“你本不应该看足球比赛,你有许多的工作要做”。本题考查虚拟语气,shouldn't have done本不该做……却做了。根据句意,故选A。
4.I don’t understand how you got a ticket. I always you a careful driver. A.think; are
B.am thinking; are
C.thought; were 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
D.think; were
句意:我不明白你是怎么得到罚单的。我一直以为你是一个谨慎的司机。考查动词时态辨析题。本句是虚拟语气,与过去事实相反,需用一般过去时;根据句意结构,可知选C。
5.--- If I_______ one million dollars, I would give it to medical research.
---If I _______ you, I would give it to charity.
B.would have, was
C.had, were D.have, is
A.will have, am 【答案】C
【解析】考察虚拟语气。第一空,虚拟语气,与现在相反,用过去时。第二空,虚拟语气,与现在相反,用过去时,be动词用were。故选C
6.If I you, I the army. A.am, would join 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果我是你,我会参军.结合语境可知本句是对客观状况的虚拟,故用过去时态,主句用过去将来时态.选B. 考点:if引导的条件状语从句
点评:虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。 1、与现在事实相反
若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反
若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词” 3、与将来事实相反
若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。
B.were, would join
C.am, will join
D.were, will join
7.— I don’t know what to wear at the party. — If I you, I would wear a shirt and a tie. A.am
B.is
C.were
D.was
【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析:if从句的虚拟语气,对于现在的虚拟用一般过去式,be动词都用were,故选C.句意:——我不知道聚会该穿什么。——如果我是你,我会穿一件衬衫加一条领带。故选C 考点:if条件句的虚拟语气
点评:if条件句的虚拟语气,是中考要求掌握的知识点,分为三种情况:
表示与现在事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用一般过去式(be用were),主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do;2.表示与过去的事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用过去完成时,主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might+have done;3.表将来的事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用should+动词/did/were to do,主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do。
8.If I ____ a candle, I would light the world bright. A.am B.are C.be D.were 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果我是一根蜡烛,我将点亮这个世界。if I were 如果我是…,were虚拟语气,be动词都用were,故选D 考点:if条件句的虚拟语气
点评:if条件句的虚拟语气,是中考要求掌握的知识点,分为三种情况:
表示与现在事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用一般过去式(be用were),主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do;2.表示与过去的事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用过去完成时,主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might+have done;3.表将来的事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用should+动词/did/were to do,主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do。
9. If I _______ you , I _______ do that . A.was , would B.were ; wouldn’t C.am , won’t D.were , won’t 【答案】D
【解析】试题分析:句意:如果我是你,我不会那样做。本句是与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句,从句谓语用动词用过去式(be动词一般用were);主句用should(would,could,might)+ 动词原形。故选D。 考点:虚拟条件句。
10.Yesterday, the storm delayed us. _______ the storm, we would have been here in time. A.But for 【答案】A 【解析】
B.If it were not for
C.But that
D.Unless
【详解】
句意:昨天暴风雨耽搁了我们。要不是有暴风雨,我们会及时赶到这里的。
考查连词。But for要不是+短语;If it were not for要不是(用于对现在的虚拟);But that要不是+从句;Unless除非,后接条件状语从句;根据句中是“the storm”,是名词,所以排除C;根据“would have been ”,是对过去的虚拟排除选项B;分析句子“___ the storm, we would have been here in time.”有暴风雨,我们会及时赶到这里的,应该是“要不是”,故选A。
11._______ in order to sit for the college entrance exam? A.What did she suggest he read C.Did she suggest for him to read 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
句意:为了参加大学入学考试,她建议他读什么书?
考查虚拟语气。suggest表示“建议”时,后接从句用that sb should do,should可省。特殊疑问句的结构是特殊疑问词+be动词(助动词)+主语+其他?故选A。
B.What did she suggest he reads D.Did she suggest what he read
12.You _______ through that red light, for you _______ an accident. A.must have driven; should have caused C.couldn’t have driven; should have caused 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
句意:你不应该开车闯红灯,因为你会引起事故的。
考查情态动词。分析句子及选项“You ___ through that red light, for you ____ an accident.”,你 开车闯红灯,因为你 事故的,可知是对过去的虚拟,应用情态动词+have done。此处是不应该开车闯红灯,会引起事故,故选D。
B.could have driven; might have caused D.shouldn’t have driven; could have caused
13.— What would you do if you _______ a million dollars? — I would give it to charity.
A.have B.had C.will have D.would have 【答案】B
【解析】试题分析:句意:-如果你有一百万美元你会做什么?-我会把它捐给慈善事业。have 有;had 过去式;will have 一般将来时;would have 过去将来时。根据句意可知,这里表示的是一个假设的问题,在if引导的条件状语从句中应该用虚拟语气,动词用过去式,故选B。 考点:考查虚拟语气。
14.The air pollution is worse and worse. The government suggests that people ____ to work by subway or by bus. A.go 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
句意:空气污染越来越糟糕。政府建议人们乘地铁或者乘公交车去上班。
考查谓语动词。A. go 去;B. goes 去;C. going 在去;D. to go 为了去。这是一个that引导的宾语从句,suggest后跟的宾语从句应用虚拟语气(should)do结构,should可省略。故选A。
B.goes
C.going
D.to go
15.If I______ you, I would take a small present.. A.am B.was C.were D.are 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果我我你,我会那个小的礼物。句中用虚拟语气,系动词用were,故选C。
考点:考查虚拟语气。
16.— Come and join us, Betty!
— I’m afraid I can’t. I’m too busy now. If I ______ time, I would certainly go. A.have B.have had C.will have D.had 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析:句意:--贝蒂,来加入我们吧!--恐怕我不能。我现在太忙。如果我有时间,我当然会去了。分析:考查if引导的虚拟语气。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。其句子结构为:从句:If + 主语+ had +过去完成式动词+ ……主句:主语+ would (should, could, might) + have +过去完成式动词+……故选 D 考点:考查虚拟语气的用法。
17.I’ m so busy. If I time, I travel around.
A.have; would B.have; could C.had; would D.had; will 【答案】C 【解析】