中学生标准学术能力诊断性测试 2018 年 11 月测试 英语试卷
本试卷共 150 分，考试时间 100 分钟。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 60 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 45 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Directory of camps for kids and teens. Find the best overnight, residential and sleepaway camps for this summer.
? Game On! Sports Camp 4 Girls
Girls Only - Day Camp
Chicagoland Area, Illinois, USA - (847) 229-9959
Game On! Sports 4 Girls is the best organization committed to empowering young girls through sports. Our unique & fun programming, all-girl environment, and staff of passionate role models foster the “GIRLSTRONG” crucial to every girl’s development as an athlete and a person.
? International Riding Camp
Girls Only - Overnight Camp
Greenfield Park NY, New York, USA - (845) 647-3240
Located 90 miles NW of NYC. 2, 4 and 8 week sessions, Mother Daughter week. Horse shows, jumping, three hours riding daily. Beginners welcome. Tennis, water skiing, jet skiing, arts and crafts. Swim your horse in the ocean! Organic food
menu. One week Equestrian（马术）Teen Tour of Russia. ? All Tournament Players Park
Boys Only - Day Camp
Marietta, Georgia, USA - (678) 384-6500
Baseball, volleyball, softball, and basketball camps for all levels.
? Ak-O-Mak
Girls Only - Overnight Camp
Ahmic Harbour, Ontario, Canada - (705) 387-3810
Ak-O-Mak: “Bound by tradition and inspired by the future”. Founded in 1928, as North America’s first competitive swim camp, Ak-O-Mak is dedicated to providing the perfect combination of traditional camp experience and sport activity. Instruction provided in over 25 sports/activities.
? Michigan Tech Sports Camps
Both boys and girls - Day and Overnight Camp
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Houghton, Michigan, USA - (888) 829-9688
Basketball, cheer, skating, football, ice hockey, mountain biking, soccer, tennis & volleyball.
? Endicott College Sports Mania
Both boys and girls - Day and Overnight Camp
Beverly, Massachusetts, USA - (978) 232-2312
The Endicott College Sports Mania Day Camp is a dream come true for the child who loves sport. 1．Which number should you call if you want to improve your swimming skills?
A．(847) 229-9959. B．(845) 647-3240.
C．(678) 384-6500.
D．(705) 387-3810.
2．Which camp would you recommend to your younger brother who wants to make camp for the night?
A．International Riding Camp. B．All Tournament Players Park. C．Ak-O-Mak.
D．Michigan Tech Sports Camps. 3．Which of the following does the International Riding Camp provide?
A．Enjoying horse performances. B．Practicing cooking organic meals. C．Riding horses through the day.
D．Travelling to Russia for a week.
B
Personal trainer Courtney Black used to pretty much live on vegetables and kill herself doing tiring workouts. No surprise, her diet and food rule made her “unhealthy, unhappy, and angry.”
Less than three years of deciding to eat more and switching up her exercise routine, the UK resident shared a few transformation photos and explained how her decision to stop restricting her food intake and overdoing it at the gym has now made her “happy and healthy.”
In a photo, Black describes her diet at the time: yogurt for breakfast; a protein shake, chicken breast and vegetables for lunch and extra vegetables if she got hungry later. She gave up sugar, alcohol and cheat meals, and her workouts were incredibly exhaustive.
“I would make sure I burned more than I ate,” she said, writing that she wouldn’t get off the treadmill (跑步机) until
she torched at least a thousand calories. As a result, she was “unhappy, unhealthy, faint, food deprived, angry, and in bad relationships,” Black wrote.
In another picture, she describes “My daily diet consisted of plain yoghurt for breakfast, a protein shake, a chicken breast and vegetables for lunch, then if I was hungry I’d have another bag of vegetables. I wouldn’t eat fruit as it had too much sugar, wouldn’t drink alcohol and wouldn’t have any sort of cheat meal.”
Now, her improved meal plan consists of oats with banana and protein; a post-workout shake, chicken, rice and vegetables; and fish, sweet potatoes and vegetables. She also snacks on almonds, rice cakes, protein bars, and other whole, satisfying foods. While she still does some cardio (有氧运动), she’s involved in weight lifting, among other workouts.
“Outcome: healthy, happy and strong,” she wrote.
Most body transformations shared on social media focus on losing weight. Black’s post shows how finding the right
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balance for your body so you feel great is a positive body transformation too. 4．What can we learn about Courtney Black from the first paragraph? A．She used to be pretty.
B．She mainly fed on vegetables. C．She died while doing tiring workout. D．She would feel sick of her appearance. 5．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “torched” in Paragraph 4? A．burnt
B．wasted
C．ate
D．decreased
6．What has happened to Courtney Black? A．She eats more meat and sugar. B．She enjoys her balanced lifestyle. C．She becomes more strong-willed. D．She eats more and takes less exercise.
7．The writer’s attitude toward Courtney Black’s decision would be best described as .
A．neutral
B．cautious
C．favorable D．objective
C
Investigators at The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research discovered dozens of new genetic variations（基因变异） associated with a person’s general cognitive ability（认知能力）. The findings, which were published online today in Cell
Reports, have the potential to help researchers develop more targeted treatment for cognitive and memory disorders.
“For the first time, we were able to use genetic information to point us towards specific drugs that might aid in cogni tive disorders of the brain, including Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（注意缺陷障碍）,” said Todd Lencz, PhD, senior author of the study and professor at the Feinstein Institute and the Donald and Barbara
Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra Northwell.
In the largest peer-reviewed study of its kind, an international team of 65 scientists, led by Dr. Lencz, studied the
genomes of more than 100,000 individuals who had their brain function measured by neuropsychologica（l 神经心理的）tests.
These data were then combined with genomes from 300,000 people measured for the highest level of educati on achieved, which serves as an estimate for cognitive ability, or how the brain acquires knowledge.
While analyzing cognitive ability, researchers also discovered a genetic overlap(基因重叠) with longevity（长寿）. They found when examining an individual’s family that a genetic tendency towards higher cognitive ability was associated with longer lifespan. A new genetic overlap between cognitive ability and risk for autoimmune（自身免疫的）disease was also identified.
This study appears less than a year after Dr. Lencz and his colleagues published a similar, smaller study that was only able to identify a few key genes associated with cognitive ability.
“The field of genomics is growing fast,” Dr. Lencz said. “The number of genes we can discover is a direct function of the sample size available, and thus further research with additional samples is likely to provide even more insight into how our genes play a role in cognitive ability.”
8．What information about the investigators can we get from the first paragraph?
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A．They published their findings in a newspaper.
B．They devoted themselves to improving cognitive ability. C．They found a lot of genetic variations about some disorders.
D．Their findings are likely to help find more treatment for some diseases. 9．What can be inferred from what Todd Lencz said?
A．They could cure cognitive disorders of the brain for the first time. B．It’s their first time to make use of genetic variations. C．Our genes play an important role in cognitive ability. D．Researchers are making rapid progress in genomics. 10．What can we know about their study?
A．It could only identify a few key genes. B．It was conducted by scientists worldwide. C．Their study is second to none in its field.
D．It was meant to help man live a longer life.
11．Why will the scientists probably do further research? A．Because more genes must be discovered. B．Because the field of genomics is growing fast. C．Because more samples are needed to find more genes.
D．Because they wonder why our genes play a role in cognitive ability.
D
The older I get the worse I look. My hair has started graying and things have started hanging down loosely. I’d neverreally been self-conscious about the effects of aging but over time I noticed a difference; not in me, but in my customers.
While some of my customers appear to be ageless, others appear considerably older than they are simply due to the lack of care they give their appearance before they go out in public. Looking back on some of my older photos, I realized worriedly that I was just as bad and determined to find a way to improve myself.
But how? I’m not exactly a beauty expert and I didn’t want to spend a fortune either. I continued watching my customers as I searched for answers.
I quickly realized that regardless of social class, females at my age can make a variety of simple wardrobe choices. Even an old, faded T-shirt can look nice when presented in a certain way.
I had cosmetics already but I hadn’t purchased jewelry for myself in years! I stopped wearing dangly（悬摆得）things
when my kids were babies since they liked to pull them, then passed my collection along to friends so the items wouldn’t
go to waste.
Bravely, I started wearing cosmetics when I went out as I began searching for some budget-friendly jewelry. I wanted something cheap, timeless, and a bit dangly since I wear my hair up frequently. I eventually wandered across some jewelry that had been placed on clearance.
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I’ve now clipped（修剪）my nose hair, pulled my isolated eyebrows, wore a bit of cosmetics, and added a bit of jewelry to my everyday jeans and T-shirts. Now, to my delighted surprise, I actually receive the occasional compliment as opposed to the indifference I’m accustomed to receiving so my self-confidence has received a boost as well.
Not a bad reward for the cost of a dollar and a little time!
12．What can be inferred about the writer from the first two paragraphs?
A．She didn’t really know about the effects of aging until her customers reminded her. B．Her customers’ behaviors caused her to care about her own appearance. C．She realized she looked younger than her customers. D．She should have been better aware of she is too old. 13．Which of the following will the writer probably do? A．Spending a lot of money on clothes and cosmetics. B．Spending much time dressing up. C．Buying some jewelry on sale. D．Behaving like a young lady.
14．What has the writer been doing to improve herself in her life?
① Learning to be a beauty expert. ② Wearing some dangly. ③ Clipping her nose hair. ④ Wearing a little makeup. ⑤ Wearing some jewelry. A．①②③⑤
B．①②③④
C．②③④⑤
D．③④⑤
15．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．It Doesn’t Cost a Fortune to Look Nice B．Never Too Old to Have Passionate C．The Older, the More Charming
D．Caring for Yourselves, Ladies
第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 3 分, 满分 15 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空
白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There is a lot of controversy around whether or not teachers should be allowed to wear jeans, but I think jeans should be
a part of the teacher dress code, and here’s why.
? Jeans say I’m dressed to work, not just for work.
It’s hard to sit down on the carpet and read a book with your kids while you’re wearing a skirt. I can’t lean over a desk to help a student in a classroom full of teenagers if I’m concerned about where my skirt ends up when I’m bent over. 16 . I can work in jeans: I can move, sit, stand, or kneel without worry.
? 17 .
What is the key to being an excellent teacher? Great relationships with your students. Dress clothes say I am your boss,
but jeans say I’m with you. In my classroom, I am a facilitator, a coach, and a mentor. 18 . ? Teachers who wear jeans are ha ppier.
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“Happy teacher, happy class” seems like a good saying. 19 . When you’re comfortable, you’re happy.
When you’re happy, you’re a better teacher. And when you’re a better teacher, your students learn more. Who isn’t happy when they’re wearing their favorite pair of comfy jeans?
? 20 . Teachers today don’t just stand up in front and lecture anymore. Being comfortable means being able to move, to
bend down to help students, or to sit on the floor to help a kid organize their backpack full of papers.
I work in a school where teachers wear jeans regularly, but we don’t look like a slovenly（不整洁的）group of people, nor are our students suffering because of our casual clothes. Most of the arguments against wearing jeans claim that if teachers want to be treated like professionals, they should look like professionals, but I’d argue that there is no longer a
blanket look for professionals. A．Jeans solve these problems
B．Wearing jeans helps build relationships C．Teachers and students feel energetic wearing jeans D．Jeans allow teachers to be more mobile and hands-on
E．Jeans help teachers do their jobs at the highest possible level F．After all, the teacher’s mood usually sets the tone for the day G．Jeans allow me to fill those roles more easily and comfortably 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 55 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。
Once upon a time, a villain, called Millisphore, was so thoroughly 21 that he devised a plan to destroy
everything important in the world. Helped by his machines and inventions, he managed to ruin everything. He also managed to 22 everyone with such a smelly gas that they 23 to stay at home.
When things had reached the point where the entire world had been 24 , Millisphore saw that only one more thing 25 in his way in his desire for complete domination, and this one thing was the 26 . Despite all his evil inventions and 27 , it seemed that families were still 28 . What bothered him most was that all the families were 29 him.
He tried making the houses smaller, but the families just lived closer together in 30 space. He also destroyed
food, but the families just 31 what little they had. He continued with his wicked deeds against the last thing that still resisted him, but nothing was 32 .
Finally he discovered the 33 to the strength of every family: they 34 each other, and there was
no way to change that. Though he tried to invent something to destroy this love, Millisphore never 35 it. Sad and annoyed at not having managed to 36 the world, he gave up and let everything return to 37 . 第 6 页 共 8 页
He ended up so depressed that he went crying to his parents. And, despite all the wicked deeds he had done, his parents ran out to 38 him. They forgave him, and 39 him to be good.
And so it is that even the family of the most wicked will love him and forgive him anything! Aren’t we 40 to have a family? 21．A．wild B．fierce C．evil D．ambitious 22．A．infect B．supply C．fill D．influence 23．A．prepared B．pretended C．disgusted D．preferred 24．A．panic B．spoilt C．opposed D．surrendered 25．A．stood B．stuck C．remained D．appeared 26．A．love B．cooperation C．courage D．family 27．A．attempts B．courage C．efforts D．strength 28．A．working hard B．sticking together C．getting together D．joining hands 29．A．fighting B．rebelling C．resisting D．objecting 30．A．lower B．shabby C．narrower D．less 31．A．reserved B．provided C．shared D．offered 32．A．doing B．working C．progressing D．developing 33．A．solution B．resource C．secret D．root 34．A．saved B．admired C．adored D．loved 35．A．succeeded B．managed C．fulfilled D．accomplished 36．A．dominate B．defeat C．win D．invade 37．A．former B．calmness C．history D．normal 38．A．criticize B．embrace C．condemn D．punish 39．A．encouraged B．allowed C．ordered D．forced 40．A．positive
B．keen
C．fortunate
D．fond
第二节 语篇填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，
在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Telling small lies to make ourselves look better in front of other people is a normal part of growing up. We’ve
probably all done it 41 some point.
You’ve realized that you have a problem with telling lies, so the most natural next step is to 42 (simple) stop doing it.
Wanting to stand out and 43 (notice) in the crowd at high school is natural. We all want to be liked and we all want people to think we’re 44 (interest), but lying about 45 （we）isn’t the way to go about this.
Simply being ourselves is the best way to attract real friendships. 46 (pretend) to be someone we’re not may
bring friends, 47 they’re not true friends if they don’t know the real you.
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It’s difficult to keep track of what stories we’ve told people, and the lies all come out into the open eventually. Telling the truth is the only way you can get people 48 (start) believing you again. Acting humble and
trying not to seek attention will show people that you’re 49 (true) sorry for what you did, and they will
gradually let you into their lives again. It may take a while, but the people in your life will eventually forgive you.
You don’t need to tell lies and exaggerate (夸大) to get people to like you. Just believe that you’re an interesting enough person as you are, and others will believe 50 too. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修
改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每 句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，
并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。
It’s said that school years are the best time of one’s life. Whoever said that was probably an adult — one had
forgotten the hard work of being at school. This is especially true for Senior 3 student, who are nearing the end of their high school experience. All the later nights and early starts will soon be worth of it, as you get readily for an important stage of our life.
With the heavy pressure and huge workload, it won’t be surprising if you wonder whether you’ll ever get through an experience. It’s like be in the middle of a long tunnel with no sign of light at the end of it.
But people did survive —— some even succeed in the face of real adversity or eventually see their shining light. 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 假定你是某校高三学生李华。最近，你发现你所在的城市有很多流浪猫狗，你用
英文写一篇倡议书，呼吁准
备养宠物的广大市民朋友和爱心人士领养。 注意：
1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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北京市清华大学附属中学2019届高三11月学术能力诊断英语试题
