精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义
学员编号： 年 级：高一 课 时 数： 3 学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师： 课 题 动词的语态 掌握中考要求的八种时态的被动语态结构； 掌握情态动词can, may, must的被动语态的用法； 掌握带复合宾语，双宾语以及宾语从句的句子的被动语态句型。 教学内容 教学目的 Step1: Greetings & Free talk How are you today? Is there something interesting or important this week? What have you learned in your school? (询问学校课程进度和知识掌握情况) Step2: Warming-up: Cloze 难度 ★★☆☆☆ 时间 6 Shopping on the Internet or shopping on-line is becoming more and more popular. More and more people are using the Internet to buy things. Why do people use the Internet to shop? Some people say it is 1 .They don't have to leave their homes to order something, and they can shop for anything they want at any 2 — day or night. Other people say they can find things for sale that they can't find in the stores near their homes. Still other people say they can find better prices on the Internet. 3 you want to buy something on the Internet, you need a credit card. You have to type your credit card number and information on the website and send it to the store over the Internet. You have to be sure that the store will not use your information in the 4 way. Of course, you always have to be careful with your credit card number, because people sometimes 5 credit card numbers from stores and restaurants too. For people who are too nervous to shop on-line, the Internet is a good place to go window-shopping. Window-shopping is when you go to a store and look at the things for sale, but don't plan to buy anything. Window-shopping is easy on the Internet. You can see what kinds of products are 6 and how much they cost. You can visit stores with branches near you, 7 you can visit stores that are only on the Internet. 1. A. more expensive B. cheaper C. more difficult D. more convenient 2. A. time B. place C. shop D. home 3. A. As B. If C. As soon as D. Whether 4. A. quick B. easy C. wrong D. right 5. A. know B. buy C. borrow D. steal 6. A. cheap B. available C. popular D. modern 7. A. either B. both C. or D. yet 【答案与解析】 1. D 从后面句子意思如“购物不用离开家，任何时候都可购买，能买到附近其他商店买不到的东西”等进行概精锐教育网站：www.1smart.org - 1 - 精锐教育· 考试研究院
括网上购物更方便。
2. A 是对后面day or night 的概括。 3. B 4. C
5. D 从 be careful with your credit card number （小心信用卡号码）进行判断。 6. B 通过网上浏览物品，可以知道你能买到什么东西。 7. C
Step 3: 被动语态用法梳理以及练习巩固。 （一） 课前目标检测 Ⅰ. Choose the best answer.
(
) 1. My birthday is coming. A nice present _________________ to me tomorrow.
A. will be given
(
B. will give
C. is given D. was given
) 2. When and where _____________ the first Olympic Games _____________ ?
A. are, held C. were, held
(
A. does, speak
(
B. will be, held D. did, hold B. is, spoken
) 3. English ____________ also ____________ by people outside Britain and the USA.
C. is, speaking D. will, speak
) 4. Big Ben, the famous clock, _____________ all over the world on the B. B. C.
A. can hear C. will be heard
B. can be heard D. will hear
Ⅱ. Turn the following sentences into passive voice
1. People all over the world celebrate Christmas.
Christmas____________ _____________ by people all over the world. 2. We can see Jinmao Building from here.
Jinmao Building can_____________ _____________ from here. 3. The farmer will sell the cow at a high price.
The cow _____________ ______________ sold at a high price. 4. Mr. Wang taught us English last term.
English ______________ _______________ to us by Mr. Wang last term. 5. Where do they grow vegetables?
Where _____________ vegetables _____________ ?
【Keys】 Ⅰ. 1-4 ACBB
Ⅱ. 1. is celebrated 2. be seen 3. will be 4. was taught 5. are grown
（二） 用法梳理以及针对性练习
精锐教育网站：www.1smart.org - 2 - 精锐教育· 考试研究院
被动语态（一） 各个时态的被动语态 1．被动语态的用法： 当说话者强调的是动作本身，且没有必要知道动作的执行者是谁时，常使用被动语态。被动语态可避免提及动作的执行者，这样有利于对观点的陈述。在被动语态中，句子的主语是动作的承受者。 2．八种时态的主动变被动形式： 1)一般现在时的被动语态：主语（主动语态中的宾语）+is／are+过去分词 We keep the butter in the fridge. =>The butter is kept in the fridge. 2)一般过去时的被动语态：主语(主动语态中的宾语)+ was/were+过去分词 Jane painted a picture. =>A picture was painted by Jane. 3)一般将来时的被动语态：主语(主动语态中的宾语)+ will be+过去分词 The teacher will allow you to leave early. =>You will be allowed to leave early. 4）过去将来时的被动语态：主语(主动语态中的宾语) +would be+过去分词 I was sure people would punish him. =>1 was sure he would be punished． 5)现在进行时的被动语态：主语(主动语态中的宾语)十is/are being+过去分词 He is repairing my bike. =>My bike is being repaired by him. 6)过去进行时的被动语态：主语(主动语态中的宾语)+ was/were being十过去分词 He was making a model plane. =>A model plane was being made by him. 7)现在完成时的被动语态：主语(主动语态中的宾语)+ has／have been+过去分词 They have caught the thief. =>The thief has been caught. 8)过去完成时的被动语态：主语(主动语态中的宾语)+ had been+过去分词 They told me that people had sent him to the hospital. => They told me that he had been sent to the hospital. 3．情态动词can，may，must的被动形式： 情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+ be+过去分词”构成。 1)情态动词can的主动变被动：主语(主动语态中的宾语)十can be+过去分词 We can use coal to produce electricity. =>Coal can be used to produce electricity. 2)情态动词may的主动变被动：主语(主动语态中的宾语)+may be+过去分词 They may open a new school next year. =>A new school may be opened next year. 3)情态动词must的主动变被动：主语(主动语态中的宾语)+must be过去分词 You must do the homework carefully. =>The homework must be done carefully. 【技能点睛】 不及物动词（如appear，die，disappear，happen，rise）和状态动词(如become，cost，contain，fail，have，last，look like)不能构成被动语态。 精锐教育网站：www.1smart.org - 3 - 精锐教育· 考试研究院
EXERCISES 1. 用所给动词的正确形式填空 1) Water (cover) most of the Earth's surface. 2) Most of the Earth's surface (cover) by water. 3) The letter (post) a week ago and it (arrive) yesterday. 4) Jack's parents (die) when he was very young. He and his sister (bring up) by their grandparents. 5) I was born in Beijing but I (grow) up in Shanghai. 6) While I was on holiday, my camera (steal) from my hotel room. 7) A cinema is a place where films (show). 8) All the windows of the building (damage) in a storm a few days ago. 2. 根据括号中的提示，用被动语态形式提问： 1) Ask about the telephone. (when invent) 2) Ask about the house. (when build) 3) Ask about the table. (what used for) 4) Ask about the wine. (what make from) 5) Ask about the photos. (where take) 3. 选择最佳答案填空 1) — Henry, you______________on the phone. —Oh, . Thank you. A. are wanted; I come B. are wanted; I'm coming C. are being wanted; I come D. are wanting; I'm coming 2) — What a nice watch it is! —It's my birthday present. It in Japan. A. make B. makes C. is making D. is made 3) Students slippers when they are at school, A. don't allow to wear B. are not allowed to wear C. are not allowed to put on D. are not allowed wearing 4) — I won't come to the party unless Sue , too. —You mean if Sue comes you'll come. A. will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invited 5) — I want to know when have a field trip. —We'll have it when all the work . A. you are; will finish B. you will; finishes C. you will; is finished D. you will; is finish 6) A neighbour helped to keep our dog. It while we were on holiday. A. was taken care B. took care of C. is taken care of D. was taken care of 7) The doctor looked over Peter carefully after he to the hospital. A. takes B. is taken C. took D. was taken 【Keys】 精锐教育网站：www.1smart.org - 4 - 精锐教育· 考试研究院
1. 1) covers 2) is covered 3) was posted, arrived 4) died, were brought up 5) grew 6) was stolen 7) are shown 8) were damaged 2. 1) When was the telephone invented? 2) When was the house built? 3) What was/is the table used for? 4) What is/was the wine made from? 5) Where were the photos taken? 3. 1) B 2) D 3) B 4) D 5) C 6) D 7) D 被动语态（二） 主动变被动应注意的几个问题 1．带复合宾语的句子如何改为被动语态： 1)将带复合宾语的句子改为被动语态时，把主动结构中的宾语改成主语，宾语补足语保留在谓语后面。 We always keep the classroom（宾语）clean(宾语补足语)．我们经常使教室保持干净。 →The classroom（原宾语）is always kept clean. I find the book（宾语）very interesting(宾语补足语)．我发现这本书很有趣。 →The book（原宾语）is found very interesting. 2)下列动词后接动词作宾语补足语时应省去to，若改为被动语态，to必须还原。 感到feel；听hear, listen to；使，让make；看see, look at, watch, notice I often hear him sing the song.我经常听见他唱歌。 →He is often heard to sing the song. He made me work all day.他让我整天工作。 →I was made to work all day. 2．带双宾语的句子如何改为被动语态： 带双宾语的句子改为被动语态时，通常将间接宾语改成主语，而直接宾语保留下来。有时也可把直接宾语改为主语，间接宾语前加上to或for。 主动：We gave him（间接宾语）a warm welcome（直接宾语）．我们热烈欢迎他。 →He (原间接宾语) was given a warm welcome(直接宾语)． →A warm welcome(原直接宾语)was given to him（间接宾语）． 主动：My mother made me（间接宾语）a new dress（直接宾语）．母亲给我做了件新衣。 →I(原间接宾语) was made a new dress. (直接宾语)． →A new dress(原直接宾语)was made for me（间接宾语）． 下列动词引导的双宾语句子在把直接宾语改为主语时，间接宾语前加to： award授予 bring带来 give给 hand交给 leave遗赠 lend借出 mail寄给 offer提供 pass传给 pay支付给 下列动词引导的双宾语句子在把直接宾语改为主语时，间接宾语前加for： boil煮沸 book预订 bring带来 build建筑 buy买 精锐教育网站：www.1smart.org - 5 - 精锐教育· 考试研究院
精锐教育 初中讲义 被动语态 - 图文
