高考题型规范练(十三)
高考题型规范练第50页 模块五 Unit 1 Getting along with others Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
I think a close friend is someone you get on really well with,who helps you when you have problems,who gives you advice,and who always has time for you.I didn’t use to have many close friends when I was at school or at university as I was very shy,but now I have several.They are all women—I think it’s difficult to have a close friend of the opposite sex (异性).
—Marie
I don’t really have any close friends.I know a lot of people but mainly through work,and the kind of social occasions when we meet are business dinners and evening parties.I think if you come from a really close family,then friends are a bit unnecessary.During the little free time I have I prefer to spend with my family.
—Richard
I think a close friend is someone who you’ve known for a long time,and who you still get on with.They probably have similar hobbies to you so you can do things together.I’ve got three close friends when I was at high school and we often go out together (without our parents of course).We always go camping and somewhere we can go walking,play football and be outside in the open air.
—David
For me close friends are the people you spend your free time with.I go out at weekends with a group of people—there are about seven of us,and I’d say we are all close friends.We also live near each other.I don’t think you can have close friends at a distance; you need to be able to see each other often.But I don’t think you need to be doing the same things.I mean I’m at university but none of my friends are.
—Anna
【语篇导读】本文是应用文。文中的四人对亲密朋友这个话题发表了各自的看法。 1.What does David enjoy?
A.Physical activities. B.Parent-child camp. C.Going to evening parties. D.Playing out in the open air alone. 答案A 解析推理判断题。根据第三段中说的“We always go camping and somewhere we can go walking,play football...”可知,他热爱体育运动。
2.What do we know about Anna’s friends?
A.They are college students. B.They are doing the same things. C.They don’t live far away. D.They don’t see each other often. 答案C 解析细节理解题。根据末段中的“We also live near each other.”可知,Anna的朋友都住得离彼此很近。 3.Who has more friends now than before? A.Anna. 答案D 解析细节理解题。根据首段中的“I didn’t use to have many close friends”和“but now I have several”可知,Marie现在的朋友比以前多。
B
When I met Irvin,the one-armed tuba player with rheumatoid arthritis (类风湿性关节炎),it was fascination at first sight.But our first awkward meeting almost ruined our professional relationship.Without even thinking about it,I innocently asked,“How did you lose your right arm?”
“I didn’t lose it,” came his practiced and evenhanded reply.“It was shot off.”
The injury to Irvin’s right arm had taken place half a century earlier,instantly ending his promising career as a violinist.As an afterthought,he learned to play the tuba with his left arm.
I asked no further questions for several years,but over that time I gradually developed a sort of fantasy about how my violinist-turned-tuba-tooter had his arm “shot off”.It seemed obvious that this quiet man had somehow angered gangsters.They waited for him outside the symphony hall or nightclub.When he came outside in his white suit,they were lying in wait.They opened their violin cases,removed automatic weapons and took their vengeance (报仇) on my patient.
This is the most thoroughly developed fantasy I ever created regarding any of my patients.Irvin’s injury was not unique,but his beautiful comeback to become a symphony musician with only one arm was a rare accomplishment and proof of this man’s talent.
After a few years,my curiosity got the better of me,and I asked Irvin how his arm was shot off.The reality destroyed the mythology (神话) I had constructed around this patient.Irvin’s injury happened on a farm,so he was probably wearing overalls rather than a suit.
He was walking alongside a plough and a shotgun fell off the plough and discharged.This was the day after his 16th birthday.If he was upset by his loss or cheered up by mastering the tuba,he didn’t say.Almost as an afterthought,he added,“I still have dreams about playing the violin.Maybe in a future life.”
【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Irvin失去右臂后依然不懈追求自己的音乐梦想。 4.What was the author’s first meeting with Irvin like? A.Comfortable. C.Embarrassing. 答案C B.Amazing. D.Unsuccessful. B.David.
C.Richard.
D.Marie.
解析细节理解题。由第一段中的“our first awkward meeting almost ruined our professional relationship”可知,作者和Irvin的初次见面非常尴尬。 5.What can we learn about Irvin? A.He used to play the violin. B.He was born to be one-armed. C.He starred in a film as a violinist. D.He got injured fighting against gangsters. 答案A 解析细节理解题。由第三段中的“instantly ending his promising career as a violinist”和第四段中的violinist-turned-tuba-tooter可知,Irvin曾经是一名小提琴演奏者。 6.What became of Irvin after his injury? A.He returned to live on his farm. B.He couldn’t recover after the loss. C.He gave up his dreams about music. D.He turned into a symphony musician. 答案D 解析细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“his beautiful comeback to become a symphony musician with only one arm was a rare accomplishment and proof of this man’s talent”可知,在失去右臂后,Irvin无法继续拉小提琴,他开始学习大号,并成为只有一只手臂的交响乐团音乐家。 7.What is the best title for the text? A.Soft Tubas Play on B.A Purpose-driven Life C.Interest Is the Best Teacher D.An Accident Changes Everything 答案A 解析主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了Irvin在一次事故中失去了右臂,但他没有放弃自己对音乐的追求,从一名小提琴演奏者转为独臂的大号吹奏师的故事,A项作为标题能概括文章主旨。
C
There are around 6,000 living languages in the world—and at least half of these are in danger.In every part of the world,languages are disappearing.In fact,one scientist has said that languages are in more danger of extinction than birds or mammals.Professor Steve Sutherland of the University of East Anglia says that in the past 500 years 4.5 percent of languages have died out—compared with 1.3 percent of birds,and 1.9 percent of mammals.
Languages come and go,and thousands have done exactly that without leaving any trace (痕迹).Only a very few—Basque,Greek and Latin among them—have lasted more than 2,000 years.But it seems that the pace of their disappearance is becoming quicker.
The Ethnologue,a database of all the languages spoken in the world,states that 417 languages are spoken by so few people that they are in the final stages of becoming extinct.If very few people speak a language,it will probably die out.
Languages may be lost through migration,as people move from small towns to city centers,or when environments are destroyed by the search for oil or wood.Natural disasters can also devastate populations,and along with them,their language.Governments also play a role in the extinction of languages.The need to establish “official languages”,for a country to educate its children and carry out its business,had a disastrous effect on many small languages.
What is lost if a language is lost?Some people argue that languages die as the human race develops.Obviously there could be great benefits if everyone in the world spoke the same language—some industries already reflect this,with English essential for pilots and air traffic controllers.But there are more important things than convenience.As languages are lost,whole ways of life and knowledge may be lost along with them.
To put it simply,language expresses something about identity,about our place in the world.Ani Rauhihi,a Maori teacher in New Zealand’s North Island,sums it up:“If you grow up speaking our language,you won’t know who you are.”
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了语言不断消失的现象以及导致语言消失的原因。 8.What do the figures mentioned in the first paragraph suggest? A.Most languages have died out completely. B.Languages are in great danger of extinction. C.Animals are disappearing faster than languages. D.Languages are disappearing slower than before. 答案B 解析推理判断题。第一段列的数字就是为了说明科学家Steve Sutherland的观点:“languages are in more danger of extinction than birds or mammals”,即语言比鸟类和哺乳动物消失的速度快。 9.What can the underlined word “devastate” be replaced by? A.Increase. C.Destroy. 答案C 解析词义猜测题。由第四段中的“Languages may be lost through migration”和“Governments also play a role in the extinction of languages.”可知,本段主要讲述了导致语言消失的原因,故由此推断,devastate意为“毁坏”。 10.If a language is lost, . A.there will be great trouble B.there is no need to worry about it C.its culture and knowledge will also be lost
D.people will be able to communicate with others conveniently 答案C 解析细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“As languages are lost,whole ways of life and knowledge may be lost along with them.”可知,随着语言的消失,与之相应的生活方式和知识也会消失。 11.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A.Languages reflect our identity.
B.People will speak the same language one day. C.Fewer people will remember their own languages. D.Ani Rauhihi cares less about languages dying out. 答案A
B.Control. D.Improve.
解析推理判断题。由最后一段中的“language expresses something about identity,about our place in the world”以及Ani Rauhihi说的话可知,我们的语言反映了我们的身份和在世界上的位置。
D
Robots will have taken over most jobs within 30 years leaving humanity facing its “biggest challenge ever” to find meaning in life when work is no longer necessary,according to experts.
Professor Moshe Vardi,of Rice University,in the US,says that many middle-class professionals will be assisting the work of machines within the next few decades leaving workers with more leisure time than they have ever experienced.
Prof Vardi said the rise of robots could lead to unemployment rates greater than 50 percent.
“We are approaching a time when machines will be able to do better than humans at almost any task,” said Vardi,a professor in computational engineering.
“Robots are doing more and more jobs that people used to do.I believe that society needs to face this question before it’s upon us:If machines can do almost any work humans can do,what will humans do?”
“The question I want to put forward is,‘Does the technology we are developing finally benefit mankind?’” Prof Vardi,said existing robotic and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies were already getting rid of a growing number of middle-class jobs and that pace of advancement in the field is increasing.
But Prof Vardi is not sure that a workforce of humanlike robots will be good for mankind.
“A typical answer is that if machines will do all our work,we will be free to pursue leisure activities,” he said. “I do not find this a promising future,as I do not find the idea of leisure-only life appealing.I believe that work is essential to human well-being.
“Humanity is about to face perhaps its greatest challenge ever,which is finding meaning in life. “We need to rise to the occasion and meet this challenge before human labor becomes out of date.
“What’s different this time is that computer scientists are working on building machines that can do everything we can do,only better.If machines can do all the work or even 50 percent of the jobs that we used to do,what will people do?”
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。专家警示,30年内机器人将接管大部分工作。 12.What does Professor Moshe Vardi say about future human jobs? A.They will be more challenging. B.Most will disappear completely. C.Most will be replaced by robots. D.They will require higher degrees. 答案C 解析细节理解题。由第二、三段的描述可知,在未来的几十年内,人类的大部分工作将由机器人来完成。 13.What is Prof Vardi concerned about? A.The rapid population growth. B.The fast development of robots. C.Whether robots will rule humans. D.Whether robots will do good to humans. 答案D
2024版高考英语(译林版)大一轮复习高考题型规范练：模块五Unit1Gettingalongwithothers含答案
