[人教版]新目标英语八年级上册知识要点
Unit 1 How often do you exercise? 重点语法：频率副词
询问别人做某事的频繁程度
提问用 How often 引导特殊疑问句
回答用 always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词。 例句：A: How often do you watch TV?(你多长时间看一次电视？) B: I watch TV every day.(我每天都看电视。)
A: What's your favorite program?(你最喜欢的节目是什么？) B: It's Animal World.(是《动物世界》。)
A: How often do you watch it?(你多长时间看一次这个节目？) 主要频率副词的等级排序：
always(总是) > usually (通常) > often(经常) > sometimes(有时) > hardly ever(很少) > never(从不)
隔一段时间做某事数次用 数词 + 时间间隔 的结构构成。如： once a week 一周一次(“一次”用特殊词 once) twice a day 一天两次(“两次”用特殊词 twice)
three times a month 一个月三次(三次或三次以上用 基数词 + times 的结构构成) four times a year 一年四次
重点短语：how often 多久一次 as for 至于；关于
how many 多少（针对可数名词） how much 多少（针对不可数名词） of course = sure 当然；确信
look after = take care of = care for 照顾；照看 a lot of = lots of = plenty of 许多；大量 every day 每一天 every night 每晚 hardly ever 几乎不
be good for 对……有益
be good for one's health 有益健康 try to do sth. 尝试做某事 get good grades 取得好成绩
help sb. [to] do sth. 帮助某人做某事 kind of 有点
want [sb.] to do sth. 想要（某人）做某事 keep in good health 保持健康
No two men think alike. 人心各异。 Unit 2 What's the matter? 重点语法：询问别人如何感觉
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了解人体器官和部位的英文名称 了解一些常见病的英文名称
告诉别人应该怎样做和不应该怎样做 例句：A: What's the matter?(怎么了？)
B: I'm not feeling well.(我感觉不舒服。)I have a cold.(我感冒了。) A: When did it start?(什么时候开始的？)
B: About two days ago.(大约两天前开始的。)
A: Oh, that's too bad.(哦，这很糟糕。)You should lie down and rest.(你应该躺下休息。) B: Yes, I think so.(是的，我是这么认为的。) A: I hope you feel better soon.(祝你早日康复。) 重点短语： have a cold 患感冒 shouldn't = should not
be stressed out 紧张的；有压力的 a few 有些；几个（针对可数名词）
a little [bit] 有些；几个（针对不可数名词） at the moment 此刻；现在
What's the matter? = What's wrong? = What's the problem? 怎么了？ lie down and rest 躺下休息 see a doctor 看病
hope to do sth. 希望做某事 listen to 听
for example 举个例子 be good for 对……有益
it's + adj. + [for sb.] + to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）……（加形容词） get tired 感到疲倦 stay healthy 保持健康
give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 把某物给某人 need to do sth. 需要做某事
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation? 重点语法：用现在进行时态表示一般将来时态
强调某个动作已经计划好即将按照计划去执行
例句：A: What are you doing for vacation, Lin Hui?(林辉，放假准备干什么呢？) B: I'm going to Tibet for a week.(我要去西藏旅游一周。) A: That sounds interesting!(这听起来很有趣。)What are you doing there?(你去那里准备干些什么事？)
B: I'm going hiking in the mountains.(我准备上山徒步旅行。)How about you, Tony?(你呢，托尼？)What are you doing for vacation?(你放假准备干些什么呢？)
A: I'm visiting my friend in Hong Kong.(我要去拜访我在香港的朋友。) B: Oh yeah?(是吗？)How long are you staying?(你要去多久啊？)
A: Just for four days.(只去四天。)I don't like going away for too long.(我不想远走太长时间。)
B: Well, have a good time!(祝你旅途愉快！)Send me a postcard from Hong Kong!(记得从香港寄一张明信片回来！)
A: Sure. Show me your photos when we get back to school.(当然。当我们再回学校的时候，再看看你的照片。)
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重点短语：how long 多久
get back = come back 回来
take a vacation = have a vacation 去度假 a lot = very much 很；非常
be going to do sth. 将要去做某事
sound + adj. 听起来……（加形容词） sound like + n. 听起来像……（加名词）
have a good time = have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看 want to do sth. = would like to do sth. 想要做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某事
spend sometime [in] doing sth. 花时间做某事 need to do sth. 需要做某事
ask sb. about sth. 询问某人某方面的事情 go shopping 去购物 leave for 离开去某地
Unit 4 How do you get to school? 重点语法：询问别人做某事的方式 用 How 引导特殊疑问句
其回答有多种方式，其中一种结构是 by doing sth. 或 by sth. 的结构。 询问两地的距离用 how far 引导特殊疑问句 回答用 be + (distance) + [away] + from 的结构。 例句：A: How do you get to school?(你如何去上学？) B: I take the subway.(我乘地铁去上学。)
A: How far is it from your home to school?(从家到学校多远？) B: It's three miles.(有三英里远。)
A: How long does it take you to get from home to school?(从家到学校需要花多长时间？) B: It takes 25 minutes.(要花 25 分钟。) 重点短语：by bus = take the bus 乘公共汽车 how far 多远
depend on 依赖于
by boat = take the boat 乘船 look at 看
by train = take the train 乘火车 by bike = ride one's bike 骑车
by subway =take the subway 乘地铁 by plane = take the plane 乘飞机 on foot 走路 get up 起床
have breakfast 吃早饭
leave for somewhere 离开去某地 take sb. to somewhere 带某人去某地
half an hour = thirty minutes 半小时（三十分钟） around the world = all over the world 全世界 get to school 到学校
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think of 认为
on weekend 在周末
Unit 5 Can you come to my party? 重点语法：询问并请求某人做某事 例句：A: Hey, Dave.(你好，戴夫。)Can you go to the movies on Saturday?(周六你能去看电影吗？) B: I'm sorry, I can't.(对不起，我不能去。)I have too much homework this weekend.(这个周末我有太多作业要做。)
A: That's too bad.(这太糟了。)Maybe another time.(只好等下一次了。) B: Sure, Joe.(当然，乔。)Thanks for asking.(谢谢你的邀请。) 重点短语：the day after tomorrow 后天 the day before yesterday 前天 come over 来访
study for a test 复习迎考
go to the doctor = see the doctor 看病 have to 不得不；必须（强调客观上） must 不得不；必须（强调主观上）
help sb. with sth. = help sb. [to] do sth. 帮助某人做某事 too much + n. 太多（针对不可数名词） too many + n. 太多（针对可数名词） much too + adj. 太……（加形容词） go to the movies 看电影
practice doing sth. 练习做某事
thanks for [doing] sth. 为（做）某事而感谢 go to the dentist 看牙医
be going to do sth. 将要做某事（该事已计划好） will do sth. 将要做某事（该事尚未计划） keep quiet 保持安静
Unit 6 I'm more outgoing than my sister. 重点语法：在两件或多件事物中进行比较 使用形容词的比较级和最高级
通常形容词的比较级是在形容词后加 -er(以e结尾的单词直接加r，闭音节辅音字母结尾双写辅音字母加-er)的结构构成，最高级是在形容词前加 the ，形容词后加 -est(以e结尾的单词直接加st，闭音节辅音字母结尾双写辅音字母加-est)的结构构成。(eg/ big → bigger → the biggest 形容词 big 的原级、比较级和最高级；small → smaller → the smallest 形容词 small 的原级、比较级和最高级)
当一个单词有3个或以上音节时，其比较级是在形容词前加 more 的结构，其最高级是在形容词前加 the most 的结构构成。(eg/ expensive → more expensive → the most expensive 形容词 expensive 的原级、比较级和最高级；outgoing → more outgoing → the most outgoing 形容词 outgoing 的原级、比较级和最高级)
例句：A: Lin Ping is my friend. (Lin Ping 是我的朋友。)She's a little more outgoing than me.(她比我性格要活泼开朗一些。)
B: My friend is the same as me.(我的朋友跟我一样。)We are both quiet.(我们都很静。) A: Do you look the same?(你们长相相像吗？)
B: No, I'm a little taller than her.(不，我比她高一点。)
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重点短语：more than 超出…… in common 共同的
be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好 most of 大多数
in some ways 在某些方面 the same as 与……一样
make sb. + adj. 让某人（感觉）……（加形容词） stop doing sth. 停止做某事
stop to do sth. 停止当前做的事去做另一件事 begin with 以……开始 each other 互相
enjoy oneself = have fun = have a good time 玩得高兴
spend sometime [in] doing sth. = spend sometime on sth. 花时间做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某事 on a farm 在农场
Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake? 重点语法：描述一个过程 服从别人的指令
询问做某事的过程用 how 引导特殊疑问句
分步回答用 first(首先), next(接着), then(然后), finally(最后) 等时间副词引导从句。
例句：A: How do you make fruit salad?(如何做水果沙拉？)
B: First cut up three bananas, three apples and a watermelon.(首先切三个香蕉、三个苹果和一个西瓜。)Next put the fruit in a bowl.(接下来把水果放到一个碗里。)Then put in two teaspoons of honey and a cup of yogurt.(然后放入两勺蜂蜜和一杯酸奶。) Finally mix it all up.(最后将它们放在一起搅拌。)
重点短语：turn on 打开（电器）[闭合开关] turn off 关闭（电器）[断开开关] cut up 切碎 mix up 混合
add ... to ... 把……加到……上
pour ... into ... 把……浇到……里面 put ... in ... 把……放到……里面 put ... on ... 把……放到……上面 a cup of 一杯
a teaspoon of 一勺
Unit 8 How was your school trip? 重点语法：一般过去时态
结构：主语 + 谓语动词的过去式 + 宾语 谈论过去发生的事情用一般过去时态 do/does 的一般过去时态形式：did
例句：Last week I visited my aunt's house.(上个星期我去我姑姑家玩了。)She lives in California.(她住在加利福尼亚州。)The weather was beautiful.(那儿的天气很好。)I went swimming.(我去游泳了。)
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人教版新目标英语八年级全册知识要点
