[人教版]新目标英语八年级上册知识要点
Unit 1 How often do you exercise? 重点语法:频率副词
询问别人做某事的频繁程度
提问用 How often 引导特殊疑问句
回答用 always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词。 例句:A: How often do you watch TV?(你多长时间看一次电视?) B: I watch TV every day.(我每天都看电视。)
A: What's your favorite program?(你最喜欢的节目是什么?) B: It's Animal World.(是《动物世界》。)
A: How often do you watch it?(你多长时间看一次这个节目?) 主要频率副词的等级排序:
always(总是) > usually (通常) > often(经常) > sometimes(有时) > hardly ever(很少) > never(从不)
隔一段时间做某事数次用 数词 + 时间间隔 的结构构成。如: once a week 一周一次(“一次”用特殊词 once) twice a day 一天两次(“两次”用特殊词 twice)
three times a month 一个月三次(三次或三次以上用 基数词 + times 的结构构成) four times a year 一年四次
重点短语:how often 多久一次 as for 至于;关于
how many 多少(针对可数名词) how much 多少(针对不可数名词) of course = sure 当然;确信
look after = take care of = care for 照顾;照看 a lot of = lots of = plenty of 许多;大量 every day 每一天 every night 每晚 hardly ever 几乎不
be good for 对……有益
be good for one's health 有益健康 try to do sth. 尝试做某事 get good grades 取得好成绩
help sb. [to] do sth. 帮助某人做某事 kind of 有点
want [sb.] to do sth. 想要(某人)做某事 keep in good health 保持健康
No two men think alike. 人心各异。 Unit 2 What's the matter? 重点语法:询问别人如何感觉
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了解人体器官和部位的英文名称 了解一些常见病的英文名称
告诉别人应该怎样做和不应该怎样做 例句:A: What's the matter?(怎么了?)
B: I'm not feeling well.(我感觉不舒服。)I have a cold.(我感冒了。) A: When did it start?(什么时候开始的?)
B: About two days ago.(大约两天前开始的。)
A: Oh, that's too bad.(哦,这很糟糕。)You should lie down and rest.(你应该躺下休息。) B: Yes, I think so.(是的,我是这么认为的。) A: I hope you feel better soon.(祝你早日康复。) 重点短语: have a cold 患感冒 shouldn't = should not
be stressed out 紧张的;有压力的 a few 有些;几个(针对可数名词)
a little [bit] 有些;几个(针对不可数名词) at the moment 此刻;现在
What's the matter? = What's wrong? = What's the problem? 怎么了? lie down and rest 躺下休息 see a doctor 看病
hope to do sth. 希望做某事 listen to 听
for example 举个例子 be good for 对……有益
it's + adj. + [for sb.] + to do sth. 做某事(对某人来说)……(加形容词) get tired 感到疲倦 stay healthy 保持健康
give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 把某物给某人 need to do sth. 需要做某事
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation? 重点语法:用现在进行时态表示一般将来时态
强调某个动作已经计划好即将按照计划去执行
例句:A: What are you doing for vacation, Lin Hui?(林辉,放假准备干什么呢?) B: I'm going to Tibet for a week.(我要去西藏旅游一周。) A: That sounds interesting!(这听起来很有趣。)What are you doing there?(你去那里准备干些什么事?)
B: I'm going hiking in the mountains.(我准备上山徒步旅行。)How about you, Tony?(你呢,托尼?)What are you doing for vacation?(你放假准备干些什么呢?)
A: I'm visiting my friend in Hong Kong.(我要去拜访我在香港的朋友。) B: Oh yeah?(是吗?)How long are you staying?(你要去多久啊?)
A: Just for four days.(只去四天。)I don't like going away for too long.(我不想远走太长时间。)
B: Well, have a good time!(祝你旅途愉快!)Send me a postcard from Hong Kong!(记得从香港寄一张明信片回来!)
A: Sure. Show me your photos when we get back to school.(当然。当我们再回学校的时候,再看看你的照片。)
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重点短语:how long 多久
get back = come back 回来
take a vacation = have a vacation 去度假 a lot = very much 很;非常
be going to do sth. 将要去做某事
sound + adj. 听起来……(加形容词) sound like + n. 听起来像……(加名词)
have a good time = have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看 want to do sth. = would like to do sth. 想要做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某事
spend sometime [in] doing sth. 花时间做某事 need to do sth. 需要做某事
ask sb. about sth. 询问某人某方面的事情 go shopping 去购物 leave for 离开去某地
Unit 4 How do you get to school? 重点语法:询问别人做某事的方式 用 How 引导特殊疑问句
其回答有多种方式,其中一种结构是 by doing sth. 或 by sth. 的结构。 询问两地的距离用 how far 引导特殊疑问句 回答用 be + (distance) + [away] + from 的结构。 例句:A: How do you get to school?(你如何去上学?) B: I take the subway.(我乘地铁去上学。)
A: How far is it from your home to school?(从家到学校多远?) B: It's three miles.(有三英里远。)
A: How long does it take you to get from home to school?(从家到学校需要花多长时间?) B: It takes 25 minutes.(要花 25 分钟。) 重点短语:by bus = take the bus 乘公共汽车 how far 多远
depend on 依赖于
by boat = take the boat 乘船 look at 看
by train = take the train 乘火车 by bike = ride one's bike 骑车
by subway =take the subway 乘地铁 by plane = take the plane 乘飞机 on foot 走路 get up 起床
have breakfast 吃早饭
leave for somewhere 离开去某地 take sb. to somewhere 带某人去某地
half an hour = thirty minutes 半小时(三十分钟) around the world = all over the world 全世界 get to school 到学校
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think of 认为
on weekend 在周末
Unit 5 Can you come to my party? 重点语法:询问并请求某人做某事 例句:A: Hey, Dave.(你好,戴夫。)Can you go to the movies on Saturday?(周六你能去看电影吗?) B: I'm sorry, I can't.(对不起,我不能去。)I have too much homework this weekend.(这个周末我有太多作业要做。)
A: That's too bad.(这太糟了。)Maybe another time.(只好等下一次了。) B: Sure, Joe.(当然,乔。)Thanks for asking.(谢谢你的邀请。) 重点短语:the day after tomorrow 后天 the day before yesterday 前天 come over 来访
study for a test 复习迎考
go to the doctor = see the doctor 看病 have to 不得不;必须(强调客观上) must 不得不;必须(强调主观上)
help sb. with sth. = help sb. [to] do sth. 帮助某人做某事 too much + n. 太多(针对不可数名词) too many + n. 太多(针对可数名词) much too + adj. 太……(加形容词) go to the movies 看电影
practice doing sth. 练习做某事
thanks for [doing] sth. 为(做)某事而感谢 go to the dentist 看牙医
be going to do sth. 将要做某事(该事已计划好) will do sth. 将要做某事(该事尚未计划) keep quiet 保持安静
Unit 6 I'm more outgoing than my sister. 重点语法:在两件或多件事物中进行比较 使用形容词的比较级和最高级
通常形容词的比较级是在形容词后加 -er(以e结尾的单词直接加r,闭音节辅音字母结尾双写辅音字母加-er)的结构构成,最高级是在形容词前加 the ,形容词后加 -est(以e结尾的单词直接加st,闭音节辅音字母结尾双写辅音字母加-est)的结构构成。(eg/ big → bigger → the biggest 形容词 big 的原级、比较级和最高级;small → smaller → the smallest 形容词 small 的原级、比较级和最高级)
当一个单词有3个或以上音节时,其比较级是在形容词前加 more 的结构,其最高级是在形容词前加 the most 的结构构成。(eg/ expensive → more expensive → the most expensive 形容词 expensive 的原级、比较级和最高级;outgoing → more outgoing → the most outgoing 形容词 outgoing 的原级、比较级和最高级)
例句:A: Lin Ping is my friend. (Lin Ping 是我的朋友。)She's a little more outgoing than me.(她比我性格要活泼开朗一些。)
B: My friend is the same as me.(我的朋友跟我一样。)We are both quiet.(我们都很静。) A: Do you look the same?(你们长相相像吗?)
B: No, I'm a little taller than her.(不,我比她高一点。)
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重点短语:more than 超出…… in common 共同的
be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好 most of 大多数
in some ways 在某些方面 the same as 与……一样
make sb. + adj. 让某人(感觉)……(加形容词) stop doing sth. 停止做某事
stop to do sth. 停止当前做的事去做另一件事 begin with 以……开始 each other 互相
enjoy oneself = have fun = have a good time 玩得高兴
spend sometime [in] doing sth. = spend sometime on sth. 花时间做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某事 on a farm 在农场
Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake? 重点语法:描述一个过程 服从别人的指令
询问做某事的过程用 how 引导特殊疑问句
分步回答用 first(首先), next(接着), then(然后), finally(最后) 等时间副词引导从句。
例句:A: How do you make fruit salad?(如何做水果沙拉?)
B: First cut up three bananas, three apples and a watermelon.(首先切三个香蕉、三个苹果和一个西瓜。)Next put the fruit in a bowl.(接下来把水果放到一个碗里。)Then put in two teaspoons of honey and a cup of yogurt.(然后放入两勺蜂蜜和一杯酸奶。) Finally mix it all up.(最后将它们放在一起搅拌。)
重点短语:turn on 打开(电器)[闭合开关] turn off 关闭(电器)[断开开关] cut up 切碎 mix up 混合
add ... to ... 把……加到……上
pour ... into ... 把……浇到……里面 put ... in ... 把……放到……里面 put ... on ... 把……放到……上面 a cup of 一杯
a teaspoon of 一勺
Unit 8 How was your school trip? 重点语法:一般过去时态
结构:主语 + 谓语动词的过去式 + 宾语 谈论过去发生的事情用一般过去时态 do/does 的一般过去时态形式:did
例句:Last week I visited my aunt's house.(上个星期我去我姑姑家玩了。)She lives in California.(她住在加利福尼亚州。)The weather was beautiful.(那儿的天气很好。)I went swimming.(我去游泳了。)
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人教版新目标英语八年级全册知识要点
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