浙江外国语学院英文学院 《英语语言学概论》复习题集
III. There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can
best complete the statement:
1. The morpheme “vision” in the common word “television” is a(n) ______.
A. bound morpheme B. bound form C. inflectional morpheme D. free morpheme
2. The compound word “bookstore” is the place where books are sold. This indicates that the meaning of a compound __________.
A. is the sum total of the meaning of its components
B. can always be worked out by looking at the meanings of morphemes C. is the same as the meaning of a free phrase. D. None of the above.
3. “-s” in the word “books” is _______.
A. a derivative affix B. a stem C. an inflectional affix D. a root 4. Which of the following is NOT a compound word?
A. Rainbow B. Milkshake C. Icy-cold D. Unpleasant
5. The part of speech of the compounds is generally determined by the part of speech of __________.
A. the first element B. the second element
C. either the first or the second elem D. both the first and the second elements.
6. _______ are those that cannot be used independently but have to be combined with other morphemes, either free or bound, to form a word.
A. Free morphemes B. Bound morphemes C. Bound words D. Words
7. _________ is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.
A. Syntax B. Grammar C. Morphology D. Morpheme 8. The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is _______.
A. lexical B. morphemic C. grammatical D. semantic 9. Bound morphemes are those that ___________.
A. have to be used independently
B. can not be combined with other morphemes C. can either be free or bound
D. have to be combined with other morphemes.
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浙江外国语学院英文学院 《英语语言学概论》复习题集
10. ____ modify the meaning of the stem, but usually do not change the part of speech of the original word.
A. Prefixes B. Suffixes C. Roots D. Affixes
11. _________ are often thought to be the smallest meaningful units of language by the linguists.
A. Words B. Morphemes C. Phonemes D. Sentences 12. “-s” in the word “books” is _______.
A. a derivative affix B. a stem C. an inflectional affix D. a root
13. Which of the following does NOT belong to “open class words”? A. Nouns B. Adjectives C. Conjunctions D. Adverbs 14. In the word unreliable, the prefix “un-” is a(n) _______ morpheme. A. free B. bound C. root D. inflectional
15. Morphemes that represent “tense”, “number”, “gender”, “case”, “aspect”, “degree” and so forth are called morphemes. A. inflectional B. bound C. free D. derivational
16. The English word “modernizers” is composed of morphemes. A. four B. three C. two D. five 17. Which of the following affix differs from others? A. –ly B. –ness C. –ing D. –ful
IV. Derive the following words into their separate morphemes by placing a \between each morphemes and the next:
a. rewrite b. broaden
c. predigesting d. forefathers
V. Think of a morpheme suffix and a morpheme prefix, give their meaning, and specify the types of stem they may be suffixed to. Give at least two examples of each.
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浙江外国语学院英文学院 《英语语言学概论》复习题集
Suffix: Meaning: Stem type: Examples:
Prefix: Meaning: Stem type: Examples:
VI. Answer the following question:
What is an inflectional morpheme? Locate the inflectional morpheme in each of the following sentences and point out its grammatical meaning.
Mr. Smith lives in the Big Apple. The film’s already started.
We are preparing for an important test.
Chapter 4：Syntax
I. Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False: 1. Syntax is a subfield of linguistics that studies the sentence structure of language, including the combination of morphemes into words.
2. Grammatical sentences are formed following a set of syntactic rules.
3. Sentences are composed of sequence of words arranged in a simple linear order, with one adding onto another following a simple arithmetic logic.
4. The syntactic rules of any language are finite in number, but there is no limit to the number of sentences native speakers of that language are able to produce and comprehend.
5. In a complex sentence, the two clauses hold unequal status, one subordinating the other.
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浙江外国语学院英文学院 《英语语言学概论》复习题集
6. Constituents that can be substituted for one another without loss of grammaticality belong to the same syntactic category.
7. A sentence can’t have more than one deep structure.
8. The structure that occurs after movement takes place is what we term as surface structure.
9. In English the subject usually precedes the verb and the direct object usually follows the verb.
10. A noun phrase contains a noun, while other elements are optional.
11. Words in a sentence are organized into groups of lexical categories, commonly known as parts of speech.
12. Chomsky made a distinction between two levels of structures: surface and deep
structures.
13. Transformational-generative grammar was first suggested by Noam Chomsky.
II. Diagram the constituent structure of the following sentence and name the different constituents. ( IC analysis)
The passenger train from Chicago will arrive in Atlanta after midnight.
Chapter 5 Semantics
I. Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False:
1. Dialectal synonyms can often be found in different regional dialects such as British English and American English but cannot be found within the variety itself, for example, within British English or American English.
2. Sense is concerned with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience, while the reference deals with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form.
3. Linguistic forms having the same sense may have different references in different situations.
4. In semantics, meaning of language is considered as the intrinsic and inherent relation to the physical world of experience.
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浙江外国语学院英文学院 《英语语言学概论》复习题集
5. Contextualism is based on the presumption that one can derive meaning from or
reduce meaning to observable contexts.
6. Behaviourists attempted to define the meaning of a language form as the situation in which the speaker utters it and the response it calls forth in the hearer.
7. The meaning of a sentence is the sum total of the meanings of all its components. 8. Most languages have sets of lexical items similar in meaning but ranked differently according to their degree of formality.
9. The predication analysis of a sentence only applies to statements and interrogative forms.
II. Fill in each of the following blanks with one word which begins with the letter given:
1. S________ can be defined as the study of meaning.
2. The conceptualist view holds that there is no d______ link between a linguistic form and what it refers to.
3. R______ means what a linguistic form refers to in the real, physical world; it deals with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience.
4. Words that are close in meaning are called s________.
5. When two words are identical in sound, but different in spelling and meaning, they are called h__________.
6. Pairs of words that exhibit the reversal of a relationship between the two items are called r_______ opposites.
7. What is communicated by virtue of what language refers to is the r__________ meaning of a word.
8. R_________ opposites are pairs of words that exhibit the reversal of a relationship between the two items.
9. C ____ analysis is based upon the belief that the meaning of a word can be divided into meaning components.
10. Whether a sentence is semantically meaningful is governed by rules called s________ restrictions, which are constraints on what lexical items can go with what others.
11. According to the n ____ theory of meaning, the words in a language are taken to be labels of the objects they stand for.
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《新编简明英语语言学教程》1-6章复习题集
