eg：I have too much homework to do today.
Unit 2 How often do you exercise?
一、词组、短语：
1. help with housework 帮助做家务活， 2. go shopping 购物， 3. at/ on weekends 在周末， 4. how often 多久一次， 5. hardly ever 几乎不， 6. once a week 每周一次， 7. twice a month 每月二次， 8. go to the movies 去看电影， 9. every day 每天， 10. use the Internet 上网/用网， 11. be free 有空，
12. have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈钢琴课 ， 13. swing dance 摇摆舞 14. play tennis 打网球， 15. stay up late 熬夜，
16. at least 至少， 17. go to bed early 早睡， 18. play sports 锻炼身体， 19. be good for 对…有好处， 20. go camping 去野营，
21. in one’s free time 在某人的空闲时间， 22. no…at all 根本不， 23. the most popular 最流行， 24. such as 例如， 25. go to the dentist 去看牙医， 26. more than 超过/多于，
27. Old habits die hard. 旧习惯难改。 28. hard=difficult 困难的 ， 29. less than 少于/不到 二、重要句子（语法）：
1. What do you usually do on weekends? 你周末通常做什么？ I always exercise. 我总是锻炼身体。
2. What do they do on weekends? 他们周末干什么？
They often help with housework. 他们经常帮助干家务活。 3. What does she do on weekends? 她周末干什么？ She sometimes goes shopping. 她有时购物。
4. How often do you go to the movies? 你多久看电影一次？ I go to the movies maybe once a month. 可能一个月看一次。 5. How often does he watch TV? 他多久看电视一次？ He hardly ever watches TV. 他几乎不看电视。
6. Do you go shopping? 你购物吗？
No, I never go shopping. 不，我从来就不购物 三、习惯用法、搭配
1. help sb. with sth 帮助某人做某事
2. How about…? =What about…? ….怎么样？/ ….好不好？ 3. want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事 4. How many + 可数名词复数+ 一般疑问句 ….有多少….. 5. 主语+ find+ that 从句 …发现… 6. It’s + adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是….的
7. spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时光 8. ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事
9. by doing sth. 通过做某事 10. What’s your favorite…? 你最喜欢的……是什么？ 11. start doing sth. 开始做某事 12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式 四、词语辨析
1. exercise （v/n）的用法 1）（动）:锻炼. 如： He exercises every day. 2) (可数名词)“...操;练习”.
如：do morning/ eye exercises; do math exercises
3).(不可数名词):“锻炼;运动”讲：如： We often do / take exercise on weekends. 2.辨析：sometimes ，some times ，sometime ， some time
sometimes 有时候。=at times也是“有时”的意思。提问用how often
some times 几次。time作可数名词时可作“次数”解；表示“时间”时是不可数名词。How many times
sometime 某个时候。可指将来的某个时候。提问用when
some time 一段时间。常和for连用。对它提问用how long 。 口诀记忆：分开“一段时间” ；相聚“某个时候”。 Eg：Sometimes I get up very late. 有时我起床很晚。
I will go to shanghai sometime next week. 下周某个时候我要去上海。 He reads the story some times. 他读这个故事几遍了。 I’ll stay here for some time. 我将会在这儿呆一段时间。 练习：
① We plan to stay in Hainan for . . 我们打算在海南呆一段时间。
② I am sure that we have met _____ before. 我肯定我们之前见过几次了。
③ I _____________ have letters from him. 有时我会收到他的来信。 3. hardly ever 几乎不
hardly ever相当于hardly
eg：There is hardly any food left. 几乎没有食物剩下。 辨析：hardly 和hard
hardly 几乎不，一般位于行为动词之前be动词之后。 hard 形容词/副词， 努力，位于动词之后。
eg：He hardly works. 他几乎不工作。 He works hard. 他工作努力。艰苦，hard work
4.辨析：maybe 和may be
maybe (adv): 也许，大概 （一般放句首），在句中是放在be动词后，行为动词之前。
例：(Maybe) he (maybe) knows it.
may + v(原)：也许是，大概是 “情态动词+be动词”结构。（位于句中） He may know it.
如：Maybe he is at home.= He is maybe at home.= He may be at home. 1. Lily an English teacher.
Lily可能是一名英语老师。
=________________________________________ 5.how often 表示“多久一次”，是对动作的频率进行提问。其通常回答有： 1） 频率副词： always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never 2）次数＋时间段: 如：once or twice a week 3）every ＋时间段: every four years 每四年一次
every day (每天) 区别：everyday（每天的；日常的） 注意：表示“一次或两次”时，一般用once和twice表示。 如：once a month(一个月一次)
而表示“三次或以上”时，则用“数词＋times”结构。 如：five times a year (一年五次)
拓展：由how构成的疑问词组的用法
1）how many+ 可数名词复数 如：how many programs 2）how much+不可数名词。 如：how much coffee
但how much=what’s the price of..? 还有“多少钱”的意思 如：How much are those pants?
3)how many times: “多少次”. 其答语表示次数。如：once ,twice，three times等 4) How old...? 询问年龄 如：How old are you? I am five.
5）多久(时间) 常用 for two days，for three hours等回答。
多长（某物的长度） 如：---How long is the river? --- 10 kms.
6)how soon 用来询问过多久，多久以后，其答语是in+一段时间，和将来时态连用 如：How soon wil he come back？ In an hour。 6.full 1）“满的；饱的” …be full of…
例如 : The bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水。 2）.“忙的”=busy He had a full life
surprise 1). be surprised at sth. 对… 感到意外
2).(v.) 使惊奇、意外： be surprised to do sth. 惊讶做某事 3).be surprised that + 从句
如：I was surprised at the news = I was surprised to hear the news.
7.twenty percent students don’t exercise at all. …百分之20的学生根本不锻
炼。
①. 百分数由percent来表示，构成：基数词+percent ,谓语动词由of后名词
决定。
Eg：Seventy percent of the boys like playing computer games. 男生中70%喜欢完电脑游戏。 Sixty percent of the water is clean.
② not... at all 意为“一点儿也不，根本不”。
Eg：I don’t know about it at all. 对那件事我一点也不知道。 拓展：Not at all = you are welcome 意为“不用谢，不客气”。 Eg：--Thank you for your help. --Not at all.
8.Although many students like to watch sports，game shows are the most
popular. 尽管许多学生喜欢看运动类节目，但游戏类节目是最受欢迎的。
although 连词。意为“虽然，尽管”。but 意为“但是”。英语中，although
和but不能同时使用。
Eg：Although it rained，the boys still played outside. = It rained，but the boys still played outside. 尽管天下雨了，但男孩们仍在外面玩耍。
1. My cousin knows a lot about geography，______ he is only four years old. A. because B. so C. although
9.She says it’s good for my health. 她说那对我的健康有益。 （1）be good for：“对……有好处”。 如：Doing exercise is good for our health. （2）be good at：“擅长于……” 如：He is good at playing football.
(3) be good with: “和……相处好” 如： The teacher is good with his
students.
10.It’s good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows. 1).by+doing He learns English by singing English songs.
2).通过… 方式 He went home by bus.= He went home on the bus= He took the bus home.
区别：through 通过… 方式+名词：The best way to relax is through
exercise.
（从…里面）穿过： Climb through the window. 注意： 横过（从物体的表面一边到另一边用across）如： walk across the street. 10. such as =like + 名短： 如： such as winning the game.
for example + 句子： 如：It’s healthy for the mind and the body.
11.spend度过（时间） 如：spend the weekend with family
花费（时间、钱） 如：He spent 20 yuan (in) buying the magazine. 同义句： He spent 20 yuan on the magazine. He paid 20 yuan for the magazine. The magazine cost him 20 yuan.
重点：①sb spend time\\money on sth. 在......上花费时间或金钱
He didn’t spend much time on his homework. 他没在作业方面花很多时间。 I spend 200 yuan on a new coat.
② sb spend time\\money （in） doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事 Don’t spend too much time watching TV. 不要花费太多时间看电视。
He always spends his time playing football.
Eg: I enjoy playing computer games,but I can’t too much time that.
A.take, doing B.spend, doing \\C.spend, for doing D.take, to do spend time with sb 花费时间和某人在一起
区别：take: It takes sb some time to do sth.花费某人某段时间做某事。
Pay: sb pay some money for sth某人为某物付了某些金钱（知道钱的数目）
Sb pay for sth 某人为某物而付款（不知道付了多少钱） Sth cost sb some money 某物花费某人某些金钱 例： It took me half hour to get home last night. He has paid for the book.
The book cost him five dollars. 12. but和however
but 并列连词 “然而，但是”。 可直接连接前后两个句子，表转折关系。 However 副词 “然而，但是”。 不能直接连接句子，必须用逗号和句子隔开。 Eg:1.It began to rain, , we went out to look for the boy. 天开始下雨了，但我们还是出去寻找那个男孩了。 2. It's a sunny morning， very cold. 这是个晴朗的早晨，但是却很冷。 13.afraid 意为“担心的，害怕的”。 ①.be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事
Eg：I am afraid to travel by plane. 我害怕乘飞机旅行。 ②.be afraid of sb.\\ sth. 害怕某人\\某物
be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事 Eg：She is afraid of the dog. 她害怕那只狗。 be afraid of asking questions. 不要怕问问题。
be afraid to do sth.= _______________ 害怕做某
13. 1）find + 宾语 +名词, 例 ： We have found him (to be) a good boy. 2）find + 宾语 + 形容词， 例： He found the room dirty. 3）find + 宾语 + 现在分词 发现某人正在做某事 例 ： I found her standing at the door. 4）find +it +形容词+to do sth.
I found it difficult to work out this math problem .
Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister 一、词组、短语：
1. more outgoing 更外向/更开朗，
2. as...as... 和……一样，not as/so...as.... (肯定后者，否定前者) 和.....不一样 3. the singing competition 歌咏比赛， 4. the most important 最重要的，
5. be talented in music 在音乐方面有天赋， 6. the same as 和……相同
7. care about 关心/留意/关注，
2016中考新目标英语八年级上册知识点总结
