实用心脑肺血管病杂志2024年11月第28卷第11期 投稿网址:http://www.syxnf.net
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?论著?心外膜脂肪组织厚度与左房室瓣环钙化的关系研究
屈文涛1,马静1,康亚宁1,许磊1,范丽平1,张拓伟2
(OSID码)
【摘要】 背景 左房室瓣环钙化属于心血管动脉粥样硬化的一种表现形式。近年研究发现,心外膜脂肪组织(EAT)厚度是动脉粥样硬化性疾病的重要危险因素,但其与左房室瓣环钙化的关系尚未明确。目的 分析EAT厚度与左房室瓣环钙化的关系。方法 选取2024年2月—2024年6月在西安市中医医院就诊的左房室瓣环钙化患者50例作为病例组,另选取同期在西安市中医医院的体检健康者40例作为对照组。比较两组受试者一般资料〔包括性别、年龄、体质指数(BMI)、腰围及血压〕、实验室检查指标〔包括三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、空腹血糖(FBG)及白细胞计数(WBC)〕、超声心动图检查结果〔包括左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、室间隔厚度(IVST)、左心房内径(LAD)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左房室瓣舒张早期峰值流速(E)/左房室瓣舒张晚期峰值流速(A)比值、E/左房室瓣环舒张早期流速(e')比值、Tei指数及EAT厚度〕。EAT厚度因素分析采用多因素Logistic回归分析,并绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)以评价EAT厚度对左房室瓣环钙化的诊断价值。结果 两组受试者性别、年龄、BMI、腰围、收缩压、舒张压、TG、TC、HDL及WBC比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);病例组患者LDL、FBG高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组受试者LVEDD、IVST、LVEF、E/A比值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);病例组患者LAD、EAT厚度大于对照组,E/e'比值、Tei指数高于对照组(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,EAT厚度与左房室瓣环钙化患者LDL(r=0.40,P<0.01)、FBG(r=0.36,P<0.01)、室瓣环钙化的独立影响因素〔OR=1.762,95%CI(1.089,2.852),P<0.05〕。ROC曲线分析结果显示,EAT厚度诊断左房室瓣环钙化的曲线下面积为0.811〔95%CI(0.724,0.898)〕,最佳截断值为6.2 mm,灵敏度为88%,特异度为63%。结论 EAT厚度与左房室瓣环钙化患者的左心房结构与功能有关,是左房室瓣环钙化的危险因素,且对左房室瓣环钙化具有一定的临床诊断价值。
【关键词】 左房室瓣环钙化;心外膜;脂肪组织;心血管疾病;诊断
【中图分类号】 R 541.4 【文献标识码】 A DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-5971.2024.11.0062024,28(11):31-36.[www.syxnf.net]
屈文涛,马静,康亚宁,等.心外膜脂肪组织厚度与左房室瓣环钙化的关系研究[J].实用心脑肺血管病杂志,QU W T,MA J,KANG Y N,et al. Relationship between epicardial adipose tissue thickness with mitral annulus LAD(r=0.42,P<0.01)、E/e'比值(r=0.43,P<0.01)、Tei指数(r=0.34,P=0.02)均呈正相关。EAT厚度是左房与左房室瓣环钙化患者LDL、FBG、LAD、E/e'比值及Tei指数的相关性采用Pearson相关分析;左房室瓣环钙化影响
calcification[J].Practical Journal of Cardiac Cerebral Pneumal and Vascular Disease,2024,28(11):31-36.Jing1,KANG Yaning1,XU Lei1,FAN Liping1,ZHANG Tuowei2
Relationship between Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness with Mitral Annulus Calcification QU Wentao1,MA 1.Department of Ultrasound,Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xi'an 710016,China2.Department of Cardiology,Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xi'an 710016,ChinaCorresponding author:ZHANG Tuowei,E-mail:283565626@qq.com
In recent years,epicardial adipose tissue(EAT) thickness has been found to be an important risk factor for atherosclerotic
【Abstract】 Background Mitral annular calcification is one of manifestation of cardiovascular atherosclerosis.
disease,but its relationship with mitral annulus calcification has not been researched.Objective To analyze the relationship between EAT thickness with mitral annulus calcification.Methods From February 2024 to June 2024,a total of 50 patients healthy volunteers in Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine for physical examination were selected as control group.with mitral annulus calcification in Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected as case group,meanwhile 40 The general information (including gender,age,BMI,waist circumference and blood pressure),laboratory examination indexes (including TG,TC,HDL,LDL,FBG and WBC) and echocardiography results(including LVEDD,IVST,
1.710016陕西省西安市中医医院超声科 2.710016陕西省西安市中医医院心内科通信作者:张拓伟,E-mail:283565626@qq.com
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PJCCPVD November 2024,Vol.28 No.11 http://www.syxnf.net
LAD,LVEF,E/A ratio,E/e'ratio,Tei index and EAT thickness) were compared between the two groups.Pearson correlation
analysis was used to analyze the correlation between EAT thickness and LDL,FBG,LAD,E/e' ratio and Tei index in patients calcification.Results There was no statistically significant difference in gender,age,BMI,waist circumference,systolic
with mitral annulus calcification.The influencing factors of mitral annulus calcification were analyzed by multivariate Logistic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,TG,TC,HDL and WBC between the two groups(P>0.05).The LDL and FBG bigger than those in the control group,E/e'ratio and Tei index in the case group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis results showed that,EAT thickness was positively correlated with LDL(r=0.40,P<0.01),FBG(r=0.36,P<0.01),LAD(r=0.42,P<0.01),E/e'ratio(r=0.43,P<0.01) and Tei index(r=0.34,P=0.02). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that,EAT thickness was an independent risk factor for mitral annulus calcification〔OR=1.762,95%CI(1.089,2.852),P<0.05〕.ROC curve analyse result showed that the AUC,optimal cut-off value,sensitivity and specificity of EAT thickness diagnosing mitral annulus calcification were 0.811〔95%CI(0.724,may be useful as a predictor of mitral annulus calcification.
LVEDD,IVST,LVEF and E/A ratio between the two groups(P>0.05).The LAD and EAT thickness in the case group were
regression analysis,and ROC curve was drawn to evaluate the diagnostic value of EAT thickness in diagnosing mitral annulus in the case group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in
0.898)〕,6.2 mm,88% and 63%,respectively.Conclusion EAT thickness is closely related to the structure and function
of the left atrium in patients with mitral annulus calcification,EAT thickness is a risk factor for mitral annulus calcification,it
【Key words】 Mitral annular calcification;Epicardium;Adipose tissue;Cardiovascular diseases;Diagnosis
左房室瓣环钙化是一种以脂质沉积、纤维化、钙化为特征的退行性病变,属于心血管动脉粥样硬化的表现形式,好发于女性及70岁以上老年人,且与冠心病、心房颤动、心力衰竭、脑卒中及死亡风险增加密切相关[1]。近年研究发现,内脏脂肪组织增加是动脉粥样硬化性疾病的重要危险因素,尤其是包裹在心脏和冠状动脉表面的心外膜脂肪组织(epicardial adipose tissue,EAT),其可分泌脂肪因子,参与心脏生理活动[2-3],且病理状态下还会分泌炎性递质[4]。但EAT厚度与左房室瓣环钙化的关系目前尚未明确,本研究探讨了两者的关系,旨在为左房室瓣环钙化发病机制研究提供一定参考。
1 对象与方法
1.1 研究对象 选取2024年2月—2024年6月在西安市中医医院就诊的左房室瓣环钙化患者50例作为病例组,均经超声心动图检查确诊;另选取同期在西安市中医医院的体检健康者40例作为对照组。排除合并冠心病、高尿酸血症、左心室射血分数(LVEF)<50%、风湿性心脏病、肺动脉高压、慢性肾脏病及左房室瓣大量反流者。本研究经西安市中医医院医学伦理委员会审核批准,患者及其家属对本研究知情并签署知情同意书。1.2 观察指标 (1)收集所有受试者一般资料,主要包括性别、年龄、体质指数(BMI)、腰围及血压,其中血压测量采用鱼跃电子血压计。(2)收集所有受试者实验室检查指标,主要包括血脂指标〔三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)及低密度脂蛋白(LDL)〕、空腹血糖(FBG)及白细胞计数(WBC),所用仪器为迈瑞全自动生化分析仪。(3)所有受试者
进行超声心动图检查,所用仪器为飞利浦EPIQ5彩色多普勒超声诊断仪,使用S5-1心脏超声探头,并应用QLab 8.0工作软件进行后处理。检查方法:受检者取左侧卧位,平静呼吸后连接胸导联心电图,采用二维超声心动图检测左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、室间隔厚度(IVST)、左心房内径(LAD)及LVEF,采用多普勒超声测量左房室瓣口舒张早期峰值流速(E)、左房室瓣口舒张晚期峰值流速(A)、左房室瓣环舒张早期流速(e'),并计算E/A比值、E/e'比值,Tei指数=(心室等容舒张时间+心室等容收缩时间)/射血时间。取胸骨旁左心室长轴切面,选择收缩末期右心室前壁垂直测量EAT最厚处厚度,连续测量3次取其平均值。超声心动图显示,左房室瓣环强回声光斑附着,提示左房室瓣环钙化,见图1。
1.3 统计学方法 采用SPSS 23.0统计学软件进行数据处理。计量资料以(x±s)表示,组间比较采用独立样本t检验;计数资料分析采用χ2检验;EAT厚度与左房室瓣环钙化患者LDL、FBG、LAD、E/e'比值及Tei指数的相关性采用Pearson相关分析;左房室瓣环钙化影响因素分析采用多因素Logistic回归分析,并绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)以评价EAT厚度对左房室瓣环钙化的诊断价值。以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。2 结果
2.1 两组受试者一般资料及实验室检查指标比较 两组受试者性别、年龄、BMI、腰围、收缩压、舒张压、TG、TC、HDL及WBC比较,差异无统计学意义 (P>0.05);病例组患者LDL、FBG高于对照组,差
实用心脑肺血管病杂志2024年11月第28卷第11期 投稿网址:http://www.syxnf.net
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P=0.02)均呈正相关,见图2。
2.4 左房室瓣环钙化影响因素分析 将LDL、FBG、LAD、E/e'比值及Tei指数作为自变量,左房室瓣钙化作为因变量(变量赋值见表3)进行多因素Logistic回归分析,结果显示,EAT厚度是左房室瓣环钙化的独立影响因素(P<0.05,见表4)。
表3 左房室瓣环钙化影响因素的多因素Logistic回归分析的变量赋值Table 3 Variable assignment of multivariate Logistic regression analysis on influencing factors of mitral annulus calcification变量FBGLDL赋值
<3.1 mmol/L=0,≥3.1 mmol/L=1<6.4 mmol/L=0,≥6.4 mmol/L=1
<36 mm=0,≥36 mm=1<0.4=0,≥0.4=1无=0,有=1<11=0,≥11=1
注:箭头所指处为左房室瓣环钙化斑
图1 患者超声心动图检查结果
Figure 1 Results of echocardiography of patient
E/e'比值EAT厚度Tei指数
LAD
异有统计学意义(P<0.05,见表1)。
2.2 两组受试者超声心动图检查结果比较 两组受试者LVEDD、IVST、LVEF、E/A比值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);病例组患者LAD、EAT厚度大于对照组,E/e'比值、Tei指数高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,见表2)。
2.3 EAT厚度与左房室瓣环钙化患者LDL、FBG、LAD、E/e'比值及Tei指数的相关性分析 Pearson相关分析结果显示,EAT厚度与左房室瓣环钙化患者LDL(r=0.40,P<0.01)、FBG(r=0.36,P<0.01)、LAD(r=0.42,P<0.01)、E/e'比值(r=0.43,P<0.01)、Tei指数(r=0.34,
左房室瓣环钙化
<6.7 mm=0,≥6.7 mm=1
表4 左房室瓣环钙化影响因素的多因素Logistic回归分析
Table 4 Multivariate Logistic regression analysis on influencing factors of mitral annulus calcification变量FBGLDLβSE
Waldχ2值P值2.3120.8210.2260.7520.8925.313OR(95%CI)
0.8620.5670.1910.2110.0430.0900.1620.1870.1820.2430.5660.2460.1282.367(0.780,7.190)0.3651.211(0.800,1.832)0.6351.044(0.875,1.245)0.3381.176(0.815,1.697)0.4341.081(0.746,1.784)0.0211.762(1.089,2.852)E/e'比值EAT厚度Tei指数
LAD
组别对照组病例组t(χ2)值P值例性别年龄(x±s,BMI(x±s,腰围(x±s,收缩压(x±s,舒张压TG(x±s,TC(x±s,HDL(x±s,LDL(x±s,FBG(x±s,WBC(x±s,数(男/女)岁)kg/m2)cm)mm Hg)(x±s,mm Hg)mmol/L)mmol/L)mmol/L)mmol/L)mmol/L)×109/L)405022/1828/220.10a0.9269.9±5.269.7±4.80.210.8323.7±5.824.4±6.20.600.5587.9±8.988.7±8.90.410.68122±17123±170.140.8976±977±90.500.622.02±1.121.98±1.060.170.865.56±1.655.76±1.550.590.561.02±0.331.04±0.420.250.802.81±0.493.35±0.60<0.014.635.88±1.396.75±1.552.770.017.66±2.027.72±2.420.120.89表1 两组受试者一般资料及实验室检查指标比较
Table 1 Comparison of general information and laboratory examination indexes between the two groups
注:a为χ2值;BMI=体质指数,TG=三酰甘油,TC=总胆固醇,HDL=高密度脂蛋白,LDL=低密度脂蛋白,FBG=空腹血糖,WBC=白细胞计数
表2 两组受试者超声心动图检查结果比较(x±s)
Table 2 Comparison of echocardiography results between the two groups
组别对照组病例组t值P值
例数LVEDD(mm)IVST(mm)4050
44.07±2.7445.14±3.01
1.730.09
9.80±1.4510.34±1.32
1.840.07
LAD(mm)35.30±3.8237.40±3.51
2.710.01
LVEF(%)63.52±3.0862.88±2.85
1.020.31
E/A比值0.72±0.220.69±0.120.820.41
E/e'比值10.90±1.7612.36±2.11
3.56<0.01
Tei指数0.39±0.030.41±0.032.560.01
EAT厚度(mm)5.18±1.127.62±1.636.21<0.01
注:LVEDD=左心室舒张末期内径,IVST=室间隔厚度,LAD=左心房内径,LVEF=左心室射血分数,E=左房室瓣口舒张早期峰值流速,
A=左房室瓣口舒张晚期峰值流速,e'=左房室瓣环舒张早期流速,EAT=心外膜脂肪组织