高中英语语法知识之 代词 讲解
高考中对代词的考查主要集中在人称代词（主要是其中的it）、关系代词、指示代词和不定代词上。 一、 it的用法 1．作人称代词
John likes playing Ping pong．/ He always does it in the afternoon．(指代上下文提到的事物)； /It's time we went home. / How far is it from here to your home ? / It is getting warmer and warmer．/ It's very quiet at the moment．(可指时间、天气、环境等) 2．引导词
A．作形式主语，代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正主语。
It's important for us to learn a second language．/ It's no use talking to him．/ It's known to all that the earth goes round the sun．
B．作形式宾语，代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正宾语。
We feel it our duty to help others．/ He made it clear that he would leave the city． C．强调结构：It is (was) +被强调部分＋that (或who)…
注意：在强调结构中，如被强调部分为时间状语或地点状语，其后的连接词也绝不能为when 或where，而应用that 。在复习中，一定要注意句式的不同。 It was in
Shanghai that I bought the guitar．(that引起强调句) It was Shanghai where I bought the guitar．(where引起定从) It was twelve o'clock when we arrived there．(when引起时间状语从句） It was at twelve o'clock that we arrived there．（that 引起强调句）
3. it，one，that 的区别：作为代词，这三个词的对比使用是高考的热点之一。 —Why don't we take a little break?
—Didn't
we
just
have
__________?
A．it B．that C．one D．this
The Parkers bought a new house but _________will need a lot
of
work
before
they
can
move
in． A．they B．it C．one D．which one 用以指代同类事物中的任一，that 特指性强，指代可数与不可数词，而it指代上文提过的同一事物。 二、 关系代词
who，whose，whom，which，that，as
1）which可以引导非限定性定语从句，代表前面整个句子的内容，并且在从句中做主语 2）that的用法 1）不用that的情况
a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。 b) 介词后不能用。
We depend on the land from which we get our food. We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.
2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况 a) 在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。
b) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。
c) 先行词有the only, the very修饰时，只用that。 d) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。. e) 先行词既有人，又有物时。 举例：
All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是供油问题。
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. 那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。 3） as的用法
AS作关系代词,用来引导定语从句:限制性定语从句和限非制性定语从句 一、AS引导限制性定语从句
AS引导限制性定语从句时,通常和such, the same, as(so)等连用,构成such...as/such as, the same...as/the same as, as(so)...as等结构,在从句中可作主语,宾语和表语。
高中英语语法知识之代词讲解
