音标的分类
记录英语音素的48个音标可分为元音和辅音两大类。
元音:发音时声带振动,呼出的气流在通过口腔时,不受阻碍发出的语音叫做元音。国际音标中有20个元音,里面包括12个单元音和8个双元音。
单元音:[i:] [i] [e] [?] [a:] [?] [?:] [?] [?:] [?] [u:] [u] 双元音:[ai] [ei] [i?] [?u] [u?] [au] [ε?] [?i]
辅音:辅音音标:分为清辅音和浊辅音,清辅音发音时声带不振动,浊辅音发音时声带振动。
清辅音:[p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [θ] [∫] [t∫] [tr] [ts] [h]
浊辅音:[b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [δ] [з] [dz] [dз] [dr] [m]
[n] [?] [l] [r] [w] [j]
三、单元音
学一学,读一读!
[i:]
eat [ i:t ] 吃 tea [ ti: ]茶 peach [ pi:t? ]桃 he [ hi:]他 she [ ?i: ]她 beef [ bi:f ] 牛肉 jeep [ d?i:p ]吉普车 key [ ki: ] 钥匙 meat [ mi:t ] 肉 cheap [ t?i:p ] 便宜的
[i]
fish [ fi? ] 鱼 gym [ d?im ] 健身房 kid [ kid ] 小孩fifth [ fifθ ] 第五 sister [ 'sist? ] 姐妹 this [ eis ] 这个 is [ iz]是 six [ siks ] 六 pig [ pig ]猪 slipper [ 'slip? ]拖鞋
[e]
desk [ desk ] 桌子 pencil [ 'pens?l ]铅笔 pen [ pen ] 钢笔 dress [ dres ] 连衣裙 red [ red ] 红色的 eleven [ i'lev?n ] 十一 bed [ bed ] 床 bread [ bred] 面包 egg [ eɡ]蛋 yes [ yes ] 是
[?]
bag [ [b?g] ]包 fan [ f?n ] 风扇 math [ m?θ ]数学 jacket [ 'd??kit ] 夹克衫 rabbit [ 'r?bit ] 兔子 apple [ '?pl ]苹果 can [ k?n] 可以 cabbage ['k?bid?] 卷心菜
[?]
young [ j?? ]年轻人 funny [ 'f?ni ]滑稽可笑的 Monday['m?ndi ]星期一 Sunday['s?ndi ] lunch [ l?nt? ]午餐 under [ '?nd? ]在…下面 sometimes [ 's?mtaimz ]有时
[?:]
curtain [ 'k?:t?n ]窗帘 her [ h?:]她的 skirt [ sk?:t ]裙子 shirt [ ??:t ]衬衫 girl [g?:l ] 女孩 nurse [ n?:s ]护士 thirty [ 'θ?:ti ]三十
[?]
today [ t?'dei ]今天 mirror [ 'mir? ]镜子 river [ 'riv? ]河,江 summer [ 's?m? ]夏季 winter [ 'wint? ] 冬季 colour [ 'k?l? ]颜色
computer [ k?m'pju:t? ]电脑 kangaroo [ ,k?ng?'ru: ]袋鼠
[ɑ:]
grass [grɑ:s]草 smart[smɑ:t]聪明 park [ pɑ:k ] 公园 grandpa [ 'ɡr?ndpɑ: ]爷爷 classroom [ 'klɑ:srum ]教室 farm [ fɑ:m ] 农田 farmer [ 'fɑ:m? ]农夫 bathroom [ 'bɑ:θrum ] 卫生间 are [ ɑ:]是
[?:]
floor [ fl?: ] 地板 tall [ t?:l ]高的 short [ ??:t ] 不足 for [f?:]为了 salty [ 's?:lti ]咸的 fall [ f?:l ]秋天 walk [ w?:k ]走 board [ b?:d ]木板 wall [ w?:l ]墙
[?]
closet [ 'kl?zit ]壁橱 forest [ 'f?rist ]森林 because [ bi'k?z ]因为 mom [ m?m ]妈妈 what [ hw?t]什么 chopsticks [ 't??pstiks ]筷子 dog [ [d?ɡ]狗 doctor [ d?kt? ]医生 sock [ s?k ]袜子
[u:]
fruit [ fru:t ]水果 noon [ nu:n ]中午 kangaroo [ ,k?ng?'ru: ]袋鼠 school [ sku:l ]学校 blue [ blu: ]蓝色的 cool [ ku:l ] 凉爽的 shoe [ ?u: ] 鞋子 room [ ru:m ]房间 soup [ su:p ] 汤
[u]
book [ buk ] 书 look [ luk ]看 wood [ wud ]树林 classroom [ 'klɑ:srum ]教室 notebook [ 'n?utbuk ]笔记本 bathroom [ 'bɑ:θrum ] 卫生间 bedroom [ 'bedru(:)m ] 卧室
【课堂练习】
读一读,判断发音是否相同
? 1. five hi ( ) 2. bed we ( ) ? 3. stop know ( ) 4. ear eat ( ) ? 5. dish hi ( ) 6. she eat ? 7. cat at ( ) 8. van father ? 9. egg he ( ) 10. at park ? 11. sun hungry ( ) 12. cut put ? 13. come from ( ) 14. thank this ? 15. short shirt ( ) 16. sing evening ? 17. usually she ( ) 18. bird first ? 19. learn shirt ( ) 20. juice who
【课后作业】
一.读一读,判断发音是否相同
? 1. wait play ( ) 2. cake apple ? 3. train bag ( ) 4. make name ? 5. like love ( ) 6. her fisher ? 7. try fly ( ) 8. no not ? 9. boy my ( ) 10. pig big ? 11. go no ( ) 12. so do ? 13. know now ( ) 14. how now ? 15. ear pear ( ) 16. pair chair ? 17. sea see ( ) 18. this that ? 19. apple a ( ) 20. eat it
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音标的分类
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