中华人民共和国全民所有制工业企业法
Law of the People's Republic of China on Industrial Enterprises Owned by the Whole People
（1988年4月13日第七届全国人民代表大会第一次会议通过 1988年4月13日中华人民共和国主席令第3号公布 自1988年8月1日起施行）
(Adopted at the First Session of the Seventh National People's Congress and promulgated by Order No.3 of the President of the People's Republic of China on April 13, 1988, and effective as of August 1, 1988)
第一章 总则
Chapter I General Provisions
第一条 为保障全民所有制经济的巩固和发展，明确全民所有制工业企业的权利和义务，保障其合法权益，增强其活力，促进社会主义现代化建设，根据《中华人民共和国宪法》，制定本法。
Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution of the People's Republic of China with a view to ensuring the consolidation and development of the economic sector under ownership by the whole people, defining the rights and obligations of industrial enterprises owned by the whole people, safeguarding their lawful rights and interests, enhancing their vitality and promoting socialist modernization.
第二条 全民所有制工业企业（以下简称企业）是依法自主经营、自负盈亏、独立核算的社会主义商品生产和经营单位。
Article 2 An industrial enterprise owned by the whole people (hereinafter referred to as the enterprise) shall be a socialist commodity production and operation unit which shall, in accordance with law, make its own managerial decisions, take full responsibility for its profits and losses and practice independent accounting.
企业的财产属于全民所有，国家依照所有权和经营权分离的原则授与企业经营管理。企业对国家授予其经营管理的财产享有占有、使用和依法处分的权利。
The property of the enterprise shall be owned by the whole people, and shall be operated and managed by the enterprise with the authorization of the State in line with the principle of the separation of ownership and managerial authority. The enterprise shall enjoy the rights to possess, utilize and dispose of, according to law, the property which the State has authorized it to operate and manage.
企业依法取得法人资格，以国家授予其经营管理的财产承担民事责任。
The enterprise shall obtain the status of a legal person in accordance with law and bear civil liability with the property which the State has authorized it to operate and manage.
（注：此款已删除，原为“企业根据政府主管部门的决定，可以采取承包、租赁等经营责任制形式。”
The enterprise may, in accordance with the decision of the competent department of the government, adopt contract, leasing or other forms of the system of managerial responsibility.）
第三条 企业的根本任务是：根据国家计划和市场需求，发展商品生产，创造财富，增加积累，满足社会日益增长的物质和文化生活需要。
Article 3 The fundamental task of the enterprise shall be the development of commodity production, creation of wealth, increase of savings and satisfaction of society's growing material and cultural requirements by acting in line with State plans and market demands.
第四条 企业必须坚持在建设社会主义物质文明的同时，建设社会主义精神文明，建设有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的职工队伍。
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Article4 While achieving socialist material growth, the enterprise must persistently promote socialist cultural and ideological progress and build up a contingent of well-educated and self-disciplined staff and workers with high ideals and moral integrity.
第五条 企业必须遵守法律、法规，坚持社会主义方向。
Article 5 The enterprise must observe the laws and regulations and keep to the socialist orientation.
第六条 企业必须有效地利用国家授与其经营管理的财产，实现资产增殖；依法缴纳税金、费用、利润。
Article 6 The enterprise must effectively utilize the property which the State has authorized it to operate and manage and realize the multiplication of its assets; the enterprise must, according to law, pay taxes and fees and hand in profits.
第七条 企业实行厂长（经理）负责制。
Article 7 The enterprise shall implement the system whereby the factory director (manager) assumes overall responsibility for the work of the enterprise.
厂长依法行使职权，受法律保护。
The factory director shall exercise functions and powers according to law, which shall be protected by law.
第八条 中国共产党在企业中的基层组织，对党和国家的方针、政策在本企业的贯彻执行实行保证监督。
Article 8 The grassroots organization of the Chinese Communist Party in the enterprise shall guarantee and supervise the implementation of the guiding principles and policies of the Party and the State in the enterprise.
第九条 国家保障职工的主人翁地位，职工的合法权益受法律保护。
Article 9 The State shall ensure that the staff and workers enjoy the status of the masters, and the lawful rights and interests of the staff and workers shall be protected by law.
第十条 企业通过职工代表大会和其他形式，实行民主管理。
Article 10 The enterprise shall, through the staff and workers' congress and other forms, practise democratic management.
第十一条 企业工会代表和维护职工利益，依法独立自主地开展工作。企业工会组织职工参加民主管理和民主监督。
Article 11 The trade union in the enterprise shall represent and safeguard the interests of the staff and workers and conduct its work independently according to law. The trade union in the enterprise shall organize the staff and workers for participation in democratic management and democratic supervision.
企业应当充分发挥青年职工、女职工和科学技术人员的作用。
The enterprise shall bring into full play the role of the young staff and workers, the women staff and workers and scientific and technical personnel.
第十二条 企业必须加强和改善经营管理，实行经济责任制，推进科学技术进步，厉行节约，反对浪费，提高经济效益，促进企业的改造和发展。
Article 12 The enterprise must strengthen and improve its operation and management, implement the economic responsibility system, promote scientific and technological progress, practice economy, combat waste, improve economic results and further its own transformation and development.
第十三条 企业贯彻按劳分配原则。在法律规定的范围内，企业可以采取其他分配方式。
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Article 13 The enterprise shall implement the principle of distribution according to work. It may also adopt other forms of distribution within the scope prescribed by law.
第十四条 国家授予企业经营管理的财产受法律保护，不受侵犯。
Article 14 The property which the State has authorized the enterprise to operate and manage shall be protected by law and shall not be infringed upon.
第十五条 企业的合法权益受法律保护，不受侵犯。
Article 15 The lawful rights and interests of the enterprise shall be protected by law and shall not be infringed upon.
第二章 企业的设立、变更和终止
Chapter II The Establishment, Modification and Termination of the Enterprise
第十六条 设立企业，必须依照法律和国务院规定，报请政府或者政府主管部门审核批准。经工商行政管理部门核准登记、发给营业执照，企业取得法人资格。
Article 16 The establishment of the enterprise must conform to the law and the relevant provisions of the State Council, and the application for the establishment must be submitted to the government or the competent department of the government for examination and approval. The enterprise shall obtain the status of a legal person after it is approved by, registers itself with and receives a business license from the administrative authorities for industry and commerce.
企业应当在核准登记的经营范围内从事生产经营活动。
The enterprise shall carry out its productive and operational activities within the approved and registered scope of operation.
第十七条 设立企业必须具备以下条件：
Article 17 An enterprise must meet the following qualifications for its establishment:
（一）产品为社会所需要。
1) Its products are needed by society;
（二）有能源、原材料、交通运输的必要条件。
2) It has access to the required energy sources, raw and processed materials, and communication and transportation facilities;
（三）有自己的名称和生产经营场所。
3) It possesses a name of its own and premises for production and operation;
（四）有符合国家规定的资金。
4) It possesses funds in conformity with State provisions;
（五）有自己的组织机构。
5) It possesses its own organizational structure;
（六）有明确的经营范围。
6) It has a definite scope of operation; and
（七）法律、法规规定的其他条件。
7) Other qualifications as provided by the laws and regulations;
第十八条 企业合并或者分立，依照法律、行政法规的规定，由政府或者政府主管部门批准。
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Article 18 The merger of enterprises or the division of an enterprise shall be subject to approval by the government or the competent department of the government in accordance with the provisions of the laws and administrative rules and regulations.
第十九条 企业由于下列原因之一终止：
Article 19 An enterprise shall be terminated for any of the following reasons:
（一）违反法律、法规被责令撤销。
1) being abolished due to its violation of the laws and regulations;
（二）政府主管部门依照法律、法规的规定决定解散。
2) being dissolved by decision of the competent department of the government made in accordance with the provisions of the laws and regulations;
（三）依法被宣告破产。
3) being declared bankrupt in accordance with law; or
（四）其他原因。
4) other reasons.
第二十条 企业合并、分立或者终止时，必须保护其财产，依法清理债权、债务。
Article 20 When an enterprise is merged with another enterprise or other enterprises or when it is divided or terminated, its property must be protected and its claims and debts shall be liquidated according to law.
第二十一条 企业的合并、分立、终止，以及经营范围等登记事项的变更，须经工商行政管理部门核准登记。
Article 21 The modification of registered items such as the merger of enterprises and the division or termination of the enterprise, and the scope of operation shall be subject to approval by and registration with the administrative authorities for industry and commerce.
第三章 企业的权利和义务
Chapter III Rights and Obligations of the Enterprise
第二十二条 在国家计划指导下，企业有权自行安排生产社会需要的产品或者为社会提供服务。
Article 22 The enterprise shall, under the guidance of State plans, have the right to arrange on its own the production of products needed by society or the provision of services for society.
（注：原“第二十三条 企业有权要求调整没有必需的计划供应物资或者产品销售安排的指令性计划。 企业有权接受或者拒绝任何部门和单位在指令性计划外安排的生产任务。”已删除
Article 23 The enterprise shall have the right to request for the adjustment of mandatory plans when the needed materials subject to planned allocation are unavailable or when no arrangements are made for product sales. The enterprise shall have the right to accept or reject production assignments given by any department or unit outside the mandatory plans.）
第二十三条 企业有权自行销售本企业的产品。国务院另有规定的除外。
Article 23 The enterprise shall have the right to sell its products on its own, except as otherwise stipulated by the State Council.
承担指令性计划的企业，有权自行销售计划外超产的产品和计划内分成的产品。
An enterprise undertaking production according to a mandatory plan shall have the right to market for itself products manufactured in excess of the planned quota and products it retains as its share under the plan.
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第二十四条 企业有权自行选择供货单位，购进生产需要的物资。
Article 24 The enterprise shall have the right to choose the suppliers for itself and purchase from them materials needed for production.
第二十五条 除国务院规定由物价部门和有关主管部门控制价格的以外，企业有权自行确定产品价格、劳务价格。
Article 25 The enterprise shall have the right to determine for itself the prices of its products and the charges for its services, except for those which, as stipulated by the State Council, are under the control of the price authorities and the relevant competent departments.
第二十六条 企业有权按照国务院规定与外商谈判并签订合同。
Article 26 The enterprise shall have the right to negotiate and sign contracts with foreign parties in accordance with the provisions of the State Council.
企业有权依照国务院规定提取和使用分成的外汇收入。
The enterprise shall have the right to withdraw and use, according to the provisions of the State Council, the foreign exchange revenues it retains as its share.
第二十七条 企业有权依照国务院规定支配使用留用资金。
Article 27 The enterprise shall have the right to budget and use its retained funds in accordance with the provisions of the State Council.
第二十八条 企业有权依照国务院规定出租或者有偿转让国家授予其经营管理的固定资产，所得的收益必须用于设备更新和技术改造。
Article 28 The enterprise shall have the right, in accordance with the provisions of the State Council, to lease out or transfer against compensation the fixed assets that the State has authorized it to operate and manage, but the proceeds therefrom must be used for the renewal of equipment and technical transformation.
第二十九条 企业有权确定适合本企业情况的工资形式和奖金分配办法。
Article 29 The enterprise shall have the right to determine such forms of wages and methods of bonus distribution as are appropriate to its specific conditions.
第三十条 企业有权依照法律和国务院规定录用、辞退职工。
Article 30 The enterprise shall have the right to employ or dismiss its staff members and workers in accordance with the provisions of the State Council.
第三十一条 企业有权决定机构设置及其人员编制。
Article 31 The enterprise shall have the right to decide on its organizational structure and the size of its personnel.
第三十二条 企业有权拒绝任何机关和单位向企业摊派人力、物力、财力。除法律、法规另有规定外，任何机关和单位以任何方式要求企业提供人力、物力、财力的，都属于摊派。
Article 32 The enterprise shall have the right to reject the exaction of its manpower, materials and financial resources in the form of apportionment by any State organ or unit. Except as otherwise stipulated by the laws and regulations, any demand made on the enterprise by any State organ or unit in any form for the provision of manpower, materials and financial resources shall be exaction by apportionment.
第三十三条 企业有权依照法律和国务院规定与其他企业、事业单位联营，向其他企业、事业单位投资，持有其他企业的股份。
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全民所有制工业企业法（中英双语逐条对照版）
