2015-2016学年度第一学期高三12月月考
英语试题
(全卷满分135分,答题时间120分钟)
注意：
1．考生务必将所有的答案涂/写在答题卡或答题卷上各题目指定区域内的相应位置；否则不得分。
2. 考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔做答。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
I came to study in the United States a year ago. Yet I did not know the real American society until I was injured in a car accident because after the accident I had to see a doctor and go to court.
After the accident，my roommate called a doctor for me. I was very grateful and determined to repay him one day. But the next day, he asked me to pay him $200 for what he had done. I was astonished. He had good reason to charge me, he said. And if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible for my injury, I’d have to have a good lawyer. And only a good doctor can help me get a good lawyer .Now that he had helped me find a good doctor, it was only fair that I should pay him. But every day I went to see the doctor, I had to wait about 50 minutes. He would see two or three patients at the same time, and often stop treating one so as to see another. Yet he charged me $115 each time. The final examination report consisted of ten lines, and it cost me $215.
My lawyer was all smiles the first time we met. But after that he avoided seeing me at all. He knew very well the other party was responsible for the accident, yet he hardly did anything. He simply waited to collect his money. He was so irresponsible that I didn’t want to hire him. And he made me pay him $770.
Now I had to act as my own lawyer. Due to my inexperience, I told the insurance company the date I was leaving America. Knowing that, they played for time and I left without getting a cent.
1. The author’s roommate offered to help him because________. A. he showed sympathy to the author
B. he knew the author should find a good doctor C. he knew the author needed his help
D. he thought it was a chance to make some money 2. A good doctor is necessary for the author to __________. A. find out the person responsible for the accident B. recover totally from the injury
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C. eventually make the responsible party pay for his injury D. be treated fairly before he leaves America
3. Both the doctor and the lawyer in this passage are __________. A. helpful B. professional
C. money-maker D. selfish
4. What conclusion can you draw from the story? A. One cannot be too careful while driving a car. B. People value money most in the US.
C. Finding lawyers is something very common in America.
D. Having some selfless friends is more important than other things in the US. B
In Vietnam, two members of a family of street vendors(小贩) are finding a way to help the poorest students in Hanoi. Pham Minh Dap and his brother are providing the students with mostly free English and Japanese lessons at a learning center they created. The men want to help people who would not normally have a chance to learn a foreign language.
Some education experts in Vietnam say such knowledge may help college graduates get jobs. The country’s economy has improved. But many graduates continue to have a hard time finding employment. Local media reported ten percent of university graduates do not have a job.
Earlier this year, 24-year-old Pham Minh Dap and his brother established a school they call “Stand By You”. Volunteers teach poor students English and Japanese. Many classes are free. Students with some language knowledge pay 25 cents per class. Mr. Dap pays about $ 500 to rent the language center space and for other costs. He gives about $ 150 from his earnings as a street Vendor and private language teaching. His brother gives the same amount from the money he earns as a secretary. Friends provide the rest. Mr. Dap and many of his family members have sold things outside HoaBinh Park in the center of Vietnam’s capital for five years. They come from a village of rice farmers in Thanh Hoa Province.
Twenty-four-year-old Pham THi Trang is one of 600 students at the language school. She is finishing her university studies. Her parents work in a market in a village in Ha Nam Province. She says life is hard in the city. She earns about $50 a month from a part-time job, and her parents give her $ 75. But this is not enough to live on. She has said she has to be very careful with money so she can pay her bills.
Demand for the school is growing. About 1,000 people are on a waiting list to enter. Ten people have offered to teach for free. And Mr. Dap says he is hoping to raise money to pay for a bigger place. He wants to open more classes. 5. “Stand By You” is established____________. A. by the Vietnam government B. by a family C. by a non-profit organization D. by two brothers 6. What can we infer from the passage?
A. All the courses provided by “ Stand By You” are free. B. Farmers in Vietnam are very rich.
C. “Stand By You” is especially welcomed by the poor students in Vietnam.
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D. Only ten percent of university graduates in Vietnam are employed. 7. Mr. Dap wants to pay for a bigger place because___________. A. he wants to make more money.
B. he wants to open more classes for poor students. C. he wants to change his job.
D. he wants to provide a wider space for students to play.
C
People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
\read facial expressions,\said. \eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth.\ According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. \cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,\face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.\ In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
8. What were the people asked to do in the study?
A. To make a face at each other. B. To get their faces impressive. C. To classify some face pictures.
D. To observe the researchers' faces.
9. What does the underlined word \
A. The participants in the study. B. The researchers of the study. C. The errors made during the study. D. The data collected from the study. 10. In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to .
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A. do translation more successfully B. study the mouth more frequently C. examine the eyes more attentively D. read facial expressions more correctly 11. What can be the best title for the passage? A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul B. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills D. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding
D
A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists who expected their future to be worse.
The paper, published this March in Psychology and Aging, examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40，000 Germans between ages 18 and 96.The surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2003.
Survey respondents (受访者) were asked to estimate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, among other questions.
The researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middle－aged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.Adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction.Not only did they feel more satisfied than they thought they would, the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio (比率) of disability and death for the study period.
“We observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade，” wrote Frieder R．Lang, a professor at the University of Erlangen－Nuremberg.
Lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future.
“Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions (预防措施)，” the authors wrote.
Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline. Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.
The authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions. Illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes.
However, the researchers said a pattern was clear.“We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic，” the authors concluded.
12．According to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction?
A．Optimistic adults. B．Middle－aged adults. C．Adults in poor health. D．Adults of lower income.
13．Pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people ________．
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A．to fully enjoy their present life
B．to estimate their contribution accurately C．to take measures against potential risks D．to value health more highly than wealth
14．How do people of higher income see their future?
A．They will earn less money. B．They will become pessimistic.
C．They will suffer mental illness. D．They will have less time to enjoy life.
15．What is the clear conclusion of the study?
A．Pessimism guarantees chances of survival.
B．Good financial condition leads to good health. C．Medical treatment determines health outcomes.
D．Expectations of future life satisfaction decline with age. 第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Internet has opened up a whole new online world for us to meet, chat and go where we’ve never been before
But just as in face to face communication, there are some rules of behavior that should be followed when on line. 16_____ Imagine how you’d feel if you were in the other person’s shoes.
For anything you’re about to send: ask yourself, “ Would I say this to the person’s face?” If the answer is no, rewrite and reread. 17_____
If someone in the chat room is rude to you, your instinct (本能) is to fire back in the same manner. But try not to do so. 18_____ If it was caused by a disagreement with another member, try to fix the situation by politely discussing it. Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room.
19_____ Offer advice when asked by newcomers, as they may not be sure what to do or how to communicate. When someone makes a mistake, whether it’s a stupid question or an unnecessarily long answer, be kind about it. If it’s a small mistake, you may not need to say anything. Even if you feel strongly about it, think twice before saying anything. Having good manners yourself doesn’t give you license to correct everyone else. 20_____ At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended.
It is not polite to ask others personal questions such as their age, sex and marital status. Unless you know the person very well, and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information, don’t ask such questions.
A. It’s natural that there some people who speak rudely or make mistakes online. B. Repeat the process till you feel sure that you’d feel comfortable saying the words to the person’s face.
C. Everyone was new to the network once.
D. The basic rule is simple: treat others in the same way you would want to be treated. E. When you send short messages to a person online, you must say something beautiful to hear.
F. You should either ignore the person, or use your chat software to block their messages.
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广东省北京师范大学东莞石竹附属学校高三英语上学期第二次月考试题（无答案）
