牛津译林9AUnit2知识点讲解
Language Points and Grammar [Skills and Strategies] 语法难点--宾语从句 （1）宾语从句的定义：在复合句中作主句宾语的句子叫宾语从句。即当宾语是由一个句子在充当时，这个句子就叫宾语从句。 （2）宾语从句的结构： 结构：主句 + 连接词（引导词）+ 宾语从句 如： I love what you gave me. 主句 连接词 从句 （3）宾语从句三考点： A.宾语从句的引导词 ①that引导的宾语从句 陈述句（肯定或否定）作宾语从句，由连词that引导。 ②if或whether引导的宾语从句 一般疑问句作宾语从句，由连词whether或if引导，因为if/whether在句中翻译成“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略，且宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 注意if和whether的区别 能用whether不能用if的几种情况： ? 宾语从句中有or not时（意思为“或不是”，“或没有”），则用whether…or not； ? 在介词后； ? whether 后可接动词不定式； 能用if不能用whether的情况： ? If除了表示“是否”引导宾语从句外，还可表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，此时从句遵守“主将从现”原则 ③wh-疑问词引导的宾语从句 特殊疑问句作宾语从句由疑问代词who、whom、whose、what、which等或疑问副词when、where、how、why等引导， B.宾语从句的时态 ①如果主句是现在时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），从句的时态根据实际情况而定。 ②如果主句是过去时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时），那么从句要用相应的过去的具体状态。 这两条可以归纳为一点：主过从必过，主现从任意 注意如果主句中出现could you/would you, 要提醒学生这些不是过去时，而只是表示委婉语气，用法视为一般现在时，所以从句依具体时态而定。 C.宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序，即主语在前谓语在后，即使宾语从句本身是疑问句，也要将其变成陈述句语序。 注意what’s wrong / what’s the matter就属于陈述句语序，因为what在这两个句子就是主语，所以该句是主语1 / 11
在前谓语在后的陈述句语序。 【2017年 新城】1.---Peter, is there anything else you want to know about colours? ---Yes, I am still wondering_____. A. why do strong colours make people take action easily B. that there is a relationship between colours and moods C. whether colour can change our moods and improve our life D. what do different colours represent and how do they influence us. 【2017年 秦淮】2.-I do not know________ Dr. Ma will come to our school this morning -Sorry, I don't know either. A. when B. whether C. who D. where 【2017年 秦淮】3.-There is a sports meeting in our school every year. Could you tell me____? ---Sorry, it hasn't been decided yet. A. where will we have the sports meeting B. how often we have the sports meeting C. what should we do for the sports meeting D. when we will have the sports meeting this year 【2017年 玄武】4-Could you tell me ? -”Rome was not built in a day”. You should practice more. A. How can I have a good memory B. how I can do to have a good memory C. Why I should have a good memory D. what I can do to have a good memory 【2017年 鼓楼】5---Can you tell me__method is best to solve the problem? ---I think Mike’s is the best. A. whom B. who C. whose D. what 【2017年 鼓楼】6---Simon, can you tell me_____? --I saw it with my classmates this summer holiday. A. where you saw the film Wolf Warriors 2 B. when did you see the film Wolf Warriors 2 C. why you have seen the film Wolf Warriors 2 D. who you saw the film Wolf Warriors 2 with 语法试题汇总分析：主要的考点在于时态语序连接词，需要把握清楚。考题多以Could you tell me，Can you tell me，I wonder，do you know开头，大部分题目都涉及到三个考点，时态语序连接词。有些题目也只涉及到一个点，比如疑问词，这样的题目仅仅需要弄清楚疑问词的含义即可，不需要再把三个考点都在考虑到。 二、 重点知识回顾 1) There is nothing wrong with...=There isn’t anything wrong with..=Nothing is wrong with...,意为“……没什么问题”。 出题方式：单选/同义句 a) In fact, there is nothing wrong with my washing machine. = In fact , there ______ ______ ______ with my washing machine. =In fact, ______ ______ ______ with my washing machine. 2 / 11
2) influence vt. 影响 influence是及物动词，侧重指“环境等外界因素对人的长期影响”，与affect同义。be influenced by意 “受……的影响”。 1. 老师的话对我影响很大。 2. 人们也受到古老故事的影响。 [拓展] influence也可作名词。have an influence on…意为“对……有影响”。 Violent films have a bad influence on the children. 暴力影片对孩子们有不良影响。 出题方式：单选 /单词 2) could be意为“可能是” may/might be意为“可能是”，might be语气比may be更弱。 The boy might be in his bedroom. must be意为“一定是”，表示很有把握的推测。 This dictionary must be Ning’s. It has her name on it. 出题方式：单选 a) I’m sure this book ___ Li Lei’s,because there is his name on it. A.can’t be B.may be C.might be D.must be b) ---Will you answer the telephone?It ___ be your mother. ---Sorry.I ____.I’m busy. A. can; mustn’t B.may; won’t C.may; can’t D.need; will 3) I'd rather wear orange. 我宁愿穿橙色。 [点拨] would rather意为“宁愿，宁可”，后接动词原形。常省略为“'d rather”，表示“优先选择的一种方式”，相当于prefer to do sth。其否定形式是would rather not do sth。would rather没有人称和数的变化。 Mr Li would rather not listen to rock music. 李先生不愿意听摇滚音乐。 My mother prefers to live in the countryside. 我妈妈宁可住在农村。 [拓展] (1)如果在两者中进行取舍，表示“宁愿……而不愿……；与其……不如……”之意时，则可用“would rather…than…”。than 的前后须用两个同类的词或短语，如用两个名词、两个介词短语等，相当于“prefer…to…”，to的前后接名词或动名词。prefer to do sth rather than do sth是常用的句式。 prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. =would rather do sth. than do sth. I would rather go to work by bike than by bus. 我宁愿骑自行车也不愿乘公共汽车去上班。 I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. 我宁可在家看电视也不愿去看电影。 Tom prefers reading books to playing computer games. 汤姆宁可读书也不玩电脑游戏。 (2)有时为了表示语气上的强调，可将rather than置于句首。 Rather than refuse to help you, I would borrow money from my friends. 3 / 11
牛津译林9A Unit2知识点讲解
