Unit1语法讲解
一、 复合不定代词的构成：
复合不定代词是由some, any, no, every加-body,-thing,-one构成，列表如下： 某人 Someone 某人 某物，某事 没有人 No one 没有人 没有东西 肯定句 否定句 not any=no 否定意义 （没有） somebody=someone 某人 anybody= anyone nobody= no one everybody=everyone 每人 任何人 任何人 任何事物 每人 每人 一切 something 某物 anything nothing /^/ everything 每样东西 somewhere 某地 anywhere nowhere everywhere 每个地方 （ 到处）
二、 复合不定代词或副的构成及用法
由some, any, no, every分别加上-body, -thing, -one构成的不定代词叫做合成不定代词；，somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere用作副词。 用法：
（1）合成不定代词在句中可以作主语，宾语或表语等。
N 没有人 will listen to him. He wants something to eat.
（2）不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。 There （be） nothing wrong with the TV. Everybody l （like） reading.
（3）some-不定代词，通常用于肯定句中；any-不定代词则多用于否定句、疑问句中。 但some-可用于表请求、邀请、预料对方会作肯定回答时的疑问句中。
带some 的复合不定代词也可以用在表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表示请求，建议，询问的疑问句中。如：Would you like ______ to eat?
A. something B anyting C. everything D nothing
4 带any的复合不定代词用在肯定句中带有“任何人，任何事”的意思。 Anyone who breaks the law will be thrown into prison. As a teacher, I would do anything for my students.
5 而带any的复合不定代词常用在否定句或许if 引导的条件状语从句中.
（如果有一些重要的事情） please let me know. 6 指人的复合不定代词合写与分开写，其意思和用法不同，以any为例。
anyone 仅指人 任何人，某人， 不和of连用
any one 即指人，也指物， 任何一个的意思 可以于of连用
Anyone can do the job. 我们当中任何人 can do the job.
7 复合不定代词的定语位置
复合不定代词被定语修饰的时候，定语必须放在不定代词 。特别是当修饰的定语比较复杂的情况下要认真分析，弄清词序间的修饰关系。
复合不定代词若被定语(形容词、不定式，else修饰，定语要后置。
There is ________ ________ in todays newspaper.报纸上有一些重要的信息。 Do you have ________ ___________ ________?你有什么要说的吗 Ask ________ ________ to help you.另请个人来帮帮 你有什么新鲜事要告诉我吗?
Do you have ________ ________ to tell me?
no one与none的区别
(1) none意为”没有一个;毫无＂，既可指人也可指物通常与表范围的of短语连用。 (2) none作主语时，谓语动词可用单数形式，而 no one(=nobody)意为”没有人”，只能指人，不能与of 短语连 用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
__________ ___________these questions __________ easy， and __________ __________can answer them这些间题没有一个是容易的，没有人能回答出来 __________ ___________ is at home.没有人在家。
(2)回答who引导的特殊疑问句时用no one; 回答how many或 how much(除去提问价格的情况)引导的特殊疑问句时用none。 一 Who was late?谁迟到了?
一 _________ ________谁也没有迟到。 How many hens do you keep?你养了几只母鸡? _________ __一只也没养。
-----What’s on the table? -----_________
-----Who is in the classroom?-------- _________ ________( No one) 8.特别要注意的是带any的复合不盯代词不能再用否定式。如： Anything could not be seen in that dark room. (F)
要表达否定意思，只可以用对应的全部否定的词代替。如： Nothing could be seen in that dark room
二、 不定副词somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere。
1. anywhere与somewhere
anywhere意为“在任何地方”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。 I can＇ t find my glasses ___________我到处都找不到我的眼镜
如果用在肯定句中，表示＂无论何处，随便哪个地方”。
An accident can happen _________.任何地方都可能发生事故。
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You can go________ you like. Just don’t come close to me!你可以去你喜欢的任何地方，只要不靠近我
(2) anywhere作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 __________is OK.随便哪个地方都可以。 (3) anywhere被定语修饰时，定语应后置。
Do you plan to go ___________ ___________ for your winter vacation?寒假你计划去什么不同的地方吗?
somewhere意为“在某处；到某处”，常用于肯定句中。 I lost my key _____________ near here. Everywhere到处 相当于 here and there，可用各种句式。
nowhere无处; 哪里都不 相当于mot.. anywhere，可用于各种句式
I looked for my pet cat _________， but I couldn＇t find it_________ I thought it was _________in the village， but I found it_________at last.我到 处找我的宠物猫，但是哪里都找不到它。我认为它在村子里的某个地方，但最终我在任何地方都没有找到它。 专项练习
一、 练习题
1． There is _____________ with your car.
A. nothing wrong B. wrong nothing C. nothing wrong D. wrong nothing 2． He asked me if there was _____________ to read. A. easy enough something B. enough easy something C. something easy enough D. something enough easy
3 s calling me. （有人正在叫你） 4.. There isn’t else there（没有什么特别的东西）. 5. over there? （那儿有有一些有趣的事情吗）
6. Could you give me to eat? （你能给我一些美味的东西吃吗） 7. There is (美味的东西)on the table.
.8. There is ________ ________ in todays newspaper.报纸上有一些重要的信息。 9. Do you have ________ ___________ ________?你有什么要说的吗 10 Ask ________ ________ to help you.另请个人来帮帮 11.Do you have ________ ________ to tell me? 你有什么新鲜事要告诉我吗?
12.You can go________ you like. Just don’t come close to me!你可以去你喜欢的任何地方，只要不靠近我
二、 用不定代词或不定副词填空：
1. I can’t hear anything = I can hear _________.
2. There is __________ on the floor. Please pick it up. 3. Did _____ go to play basketball with you ?
4. I phoned you last night, but ________ answered it. 5. I don’t think ___________ telephoned. 6. Why don’t you ask _________ to help you ? 7. If you want __________ , please let me know. 8. Shall we get _________ to drink ?
9. Don’t worry. There’s ______ wrong with your ears. 10. There’s __________ in the box. It’s empty.
11. Maybe __________ put my pencil _________. I can’t find it ___________.
三．单项选择
1. “I don’t think I am different from ____ else. I am just the son of a farmer,” Mo Yan said. A. anyone B. nobody C. someone D. everyone 2. There is ____ wrong with your watch. Look! It works well. A. something B. nothing C. everything D. anything 3. —Good morning, class. Is ____ here? —No, sir. Tom is absent(缺席). A. anyone B. everyone C. no one D. someone 4. Everything ____ready. A. are B. is C. be D. were 5. Did you meet ____ in the street?
A. a very tall someone B. very tall anyone C. someone very tall D. anyone very tall 6. —How was the school trip yesterday? —Great. ____ had a good time. A. Everyone B. No one C. Someone D. Anyone 7. —Tom, supper is ready.
—I don’t want to eat ____, Mum. I’m not feeling well. A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything 8. ____ is waiting for you at the gate. He wants to say thanks to you. A. Somebody B. Anybody C. Everybody D. Nobo
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人教新目标八年级上Unit1 语法学案(无答案)
