主旨大意题[学生用书P147(单独成册)]
(建议用时：25分钟)
A
(2024·苏北三市高三质量检测)Recently whenever I turned on my computer or my mobile phone, news about the great effect of Hurricane Harvey on thousands of people caught my eye. I saw many unfortunate events. However, there was also the bright news that confirmed the goodness
of mankind. As a journalist, I wrote many human-interest stories during my career. That’s why the story about the guys in the bakery caught my eye.
When the staff at a Mexican bakery chain in Houston were trapped inside the building for two days, they didn’t sit there feeling sorry for themselves. They used their time wisely after flooding caused by Hurricane Harvey. While they were waiting for the eventual rescue that came on Monday morning, four decided to make as many loaves of bread as possible for their community.
The flood water rose in the street outside. They took advantage of their emergency power supply to bake bread. They used more than 4，200 pounds of flour to create hundreds of loaves and sheets of sweet bread. Although the water kept rising, they continued baking to help more people. By the time the owner managed to get to them, they had made so much bread that they took the loaves to loads of emergency centers across the city for people affected by the floods.
The store manager, Brian Alvarado, told The Independent, “Whenever a disaster occurs, nobody should just feel forlorn. Instead, we should take positive action to save ourselves and help others. Our acts of kindness will make a big difference.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。一家连锁面包店的员工们在面对哈维飓风带来的洪水、断电时，在等待救援的同时采取积极的行动，利用应急电源烤面包去帮助社区受洪水影响的居民。
1．What did the bakery store workers do after flooding caused by Hurricane Harvey? A．They volunteered to make bread for their community.
B．They managed to live by selling more bread in the store. C．They felt sorry that they couldn’t escape from the store. D．They ate nothing but to wait for their community to rescue them.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“While they were waiting for the eventual rescue that came on Monday morning, four decided to make as many loaves of bread as possible for their community.”可知，当这家面包房的员工们在等待周一上午的最终救援时，四人决定为他们的社区烤尽可能多的面包。故选A项。
2．Which of the following best explains “forlorn” underlined in the last paragraph? A．Fortunate. C．Shallow.
B．Hopeful. D．Desperate.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Instead, we should take positive action to save ourselves and help others.”可知，相反，我们应该采取积极的行动来拯救自己和帮助他人。由Instead可知，forlorn的意思与positive相反，故forlorn与desperate(绝望的)意思相近。故选D项。
3．What can we infer from the text?
A．Alvarado organized his workers to bake much bread. B．Hurricane Harvey caused a power failure in Houston. C．The staff in the bakery sent enough flour to emergency centers. D．The author preferred to write stories about people facing disasters.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“They took advantage of their emergency power supply to bake bread.”可知，他们利用应急电源烤面包。由此可推知，哈维飓风造成休斯敦停电。故选B项。
4．What can be the best title for the text? A．A Popular Mexican Bakery Chain in Houston B．Wait for the Eventual Rescue in a Big Disaster
C．All Kinds of Disasters Caused by Hurricane Harvey in Houston
D．Bake Bread to Make a Difference in the Face of Hurricane Harvey
D 解析：标题归纳题。根据第二三段的内容和最后一段中的“Our acts of kindness will make a big difference.”可知，D项(在面对哈维飓风时，烤面包起了很大作用)作为标题最能概括全文内容。故选D项。
B
It’s common knowledge that some countries have higher life expectancies than others, but the city you live in can also affect your health.
Some cities are hard on their residents. In places with poor city planning, for example Lagos, which was called out recently by the Economist Intelligence Unit, public spaces are few, making outdoor activities hard. Lack of infrastructure(基础设施) blocks the streets with cars and the air with pollutants, and residents work long hours for little money.
These are just some of the factors added up by Spotahome, a rental agency. They’ve analyzed data from a range of sources, including the World Health Organization, TripAdvisor and the CIA World Factbook to score each city on health, gym availability and quality, life expectancies, obesity, green space and other elements to make a list to work out which are the world’s healthiest cities.
The list is certainly Eurocentric and sunshine is seen as a positive factor. It does go some way toward suggesting which cities are getting it right in providing a good life for their residents. It may not be surprising to learn that most of the healthiest cities are in northern Europe, known for its people-first approach to city planning. The cities of Australia and Canada also do well. However, the first American city is only in 34th place. The U．K. doesn’t fare too well either—its only city in the top 50 list is London, in 40th.
Whether you’re planning a wholesome holiday, or simply wondering what your city can do better in its quest for happy citizens, the list of the 50 healthiest cities will give you pause for thought about the future of city planning. Here are the slender, healthy-eating, clean-aired cities that are getting it right.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究者们通过调查发现城市建设会影响居民的健康。通过分析健康、绿化、预期寿命等因素，研究者们还列出了一个世界上最
2024版高考英语突破二轮复习新课标通用 教师用书：专题强化训练(3)
