大学英语1(本科)测试题A卷、B卷【附答案】

大学英语1（本科） 试卷类型：（A，B）卷 【附答案】

大学英语1（本科） 试卷类型： A 卷

题号 得分 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 九 十 总成绩 注：选择题答案请填写至第六页答题卡处，ABCD分别对应①②③④，答案写在别处则视为无效。 I Vocabulary and Structure （10%） There are 10 incomplete sentences in this section. For each of these, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. 1. People in all ____ of life are represented among ardent sports fans. A. fields B. walks C. times D. places 2. In Germany, ____ with France, friendship is much more clearly a matter of feeling. A. opposite B. in addition C. in contrast D. related 3. I have had this ____ headache ever since I woke up this morning. A. consitent B. consist C. conscious D. consequent 4. The authorities have refused to ____ him a visa to visit England. A. apply B. grant C.approve D.agree 5. My love for you is not depedent ____ whether you fulfill my expectations of you. A. on B. of C. from D. for 6. If I care ____ you, I’m concerned ____ your growth. A. of…about B. about…about C. about…on D.of…on 7. The fact that something is cheap doesn’t ____ mean that it is of low quality. A. probably B. essentially C. practically D. necessarily 8. It would be unwise to ____ too much importance to those opinion polls. A. stick B. attach C. apply D.mention 9. In their secondary schooling children get more advanced knowledge and begin to ____ on their special interests. A. take B. go C. concentrate D. keep 10. By the time I saw the job advertised, it was too late to ____. A. appoint B. seek C. demand D.apply II cloze （15%） There are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the correct answer to each question. Geography is the study of the relationship between people and the land. Geographers compare and contrast various places on the earth. But they also 11 beyond the individual places and consider the earth as a 12 . The word geography 13 from two Greek words, ge , the Greek word for “earth” and graphein, 14 the earth.” 15 geography books focus on a small area like a town or a city. Others deal with a state, a region, a nation, or an 16 continent. Many geography books deal with the whole earth. Another 17 to divide the study of geography is to distinguish between physical geography and cultural geography. The former focuses on the natural world; the 18 starts with human beings and 19 how human beings and their environment act 20 each other. But when geography is considered as a single subject, 21 branch can neglect each other. A geographer might be described as one who observes, records, and explains the differences between places. If all places 22 alike, there would be little need for geographers. We know, however, 23 no two places are exactly the same. Geography, 24 , is a point of view, a special way of 25 at places. means “to write.” The English word geography means “to describe 11. A. pass B. reach C. go D. set 12. A. whole B. unit C. part D. total 13. A. falls B. removes C. results D. comes 14. A. what B. that C. which D. it 15. A. Some B. Few C. More D. Most 16. A. extensive B. entire C. overall D. enormous 17. A. way B. means C. habit D. technique 1

大学英语1（本科） 试卷类型：（A，B）卷 【附答案】

18. A. second B. later C. next D. latter 19. A. learns B. studies C. realizes D. understands 20. A. on B. for C. as D. to 21. A. each B. one C. neither D. either 22. A. being B. are C. be D. were 23. A. although B. whether C. since D. that 24. A. still B. then C. nevertheless D. moreover 25. A. working B. looking C. arriving D. getting III Vocabulary (10%) A. enormous B. fans C. groups D. associated E. walks F. distinctive G. communities H. church I. faculty J. marching K. facility L. array M. confined N. conversations O. programme P. striking What seems __26__ about American interest in sports is that it is not __27__ to particular social classes. People in all __28__ of life are represented among ardent sports __29__. The collective audience for sports events is __30__. Sports are __31__ with educational institutions in a way that is unique. Junior and senior high schools have coaches as __32__ members, and school athletic teams compete with each other in an __33__ of sports. Each team’s entourage includes a __34__ band and a group of cheerleaders. In some smaller American __35__, high school athletics are a focal point of townspeople’s activities and conversations. IV Reading (40%) Passage One Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage. Because we can feel that things are heavy, we think of weight as being a fixed quality in an object, but it is not really fixed at all. If you could take a onepound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound. Why would things weigh only a quarter as much as they do at the surface of the earth if we took them 4 000 miles out into space? The reson is this: All objects have a natural attraction for all other objects; this is called gravitational attraction, but this power of attraction between two objects gets weaker as they get farther apart. When the butter was at the surface of the earth, it was 4 000 miles from the centre (in other words the radius （半径）of the earth ia 4000 miles) When we took the butter 4 000 miles out, it was 8 000 miles from the centre, which is twice the distance. If you double the distance between two objects, their gravitational attraction decreases two times two. If you treblethe distance, it gets nine times weaker(three times three). If you take it four times as far away, it gets sixteen times weaker(four times four)and so on. 36. The best title for this passage is. [A] The Earth Weight [B] Weight in Space [C] Changing Weight on the Earth [D] Weight on and off the Earth 37. We can feel things are heavy because. [A] weight is a fixed quality in an object [B] they are far away from the centre of the earth [C] of the earth’s strong attraction for them [D] they are not taken away from the surface of the earth 38. If the distance between two objects is shortened by half, their gravitational attraction will. [A] double [B] become four times stronger [C] be the same [D] get four times weaker 39. If an object weighed one pound 8 000 miles above the earth, it would weigh on the surface of the earth. [A] 6 pounds 2

大学英语1（本科） 试卷类型：（A，B）卷 【附答案】

[B] 4 pounds [C] 9 pounds [D] 1/9 pound 40.Which of the following statements is true? [A] If you could take a one pound packet of bread 4000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound. [B] Weight is a fixed quality in an object. [C] The weight of an object has nothing to do with its distance from the center of the earth. [D] the power of attraction between two objects gets stronger as they get farther apart Passage Two Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage. Greek soldiers sent messages by turning their shields(盾)toward the sun. The flashes reflected light could be seen several miles away. The enemy did not know what the flashes meant, but other Greek soldiers could understand the messages. Roman soldiers in some places built long rows of signal towers. When they had a message to send, the soldiers shouted it from tower to tower. If there were enough towers and enough soldiers with loud voices, important news could be sent quickly over distance. In Africa, people learned to send messages by beating on a series of large drums. Each drum was kept within hearing distance of the next one. The drum beats were sent out in a special way that all the drummers understood. Though the messages were simple, they could be sent at great speed for hundreds of miles. In the eighteenth century, a French engineer found a new way to send short messages. In this way, a person held a flag in each hand and the arms were moved to various positions representing different letters of the alphabet. It was like spelling out words with flags and arms. Over a long period of time, people sent messages by all these different ways. However, not until the telephone was invented in America in the nineteenth century could people send speech sounds over a great distance in just a few seconds. 41. According to this passage, the Roman way of communication depended very much upon . [A] fine weather [B] high tower [C] the spelling system [D] arm movements 42. Which of the following statements is true? [A] Neither the Greek soldiers nor their enemy could understand the message. [B] African soldiers shouted from tower to tower to pass message. [C] Telephone was invented by a French engineer. [D] Only by using telephone could people send speech sounds quickly. 43. The African way of communication sent messages. [A] in a special way [B] over a very short distance [C] by a musical instrument [D] at a rather slow speed 44.4 The way of communication made use of visible signs. [A] French [B] Roman [C] African [D] American 45. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? [A] Greek soldiers sent messages by turning their shields(盾) [B] All Roman soldiers sent news by shouting to each other. [C] In Africa, messages are sent by beating drums. [D] Telephone was invented in America. Passage Three Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage. Education is all enormous and expensive part of American life.Its size is matched by its variety. Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the fact 3

大学英语1（本科） 试卷类型：（A，B）卷 【附答案】

that education here has long been intended for everyone—not just for a privileged elite.Schools ale expected to meet the needs of every child,regardless of ability,and also the needs of society itself．This means that public schools offer more than academic subjects．It surprises many people when they come here to find high schools offering such courses as typing，sewing，radio repair,computer programming or driver training，along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics，history,and languages．Students choose their curricula depending on their interests，future goals，and level of ability．The underlying goal of American education is to develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities，and to give each one a sense of civic and community consciousness． Schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and“Americanizing”the millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from many different backgrounds and origins.Schools still play a large role in the community,especially in the small towns． The approach to teaching may seem unfamiliar to many,not only because it is informal，but also because there is not much emphasis on learning facts．Instead，Americans try to teach their children to think for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities．Students spend much time，learning how to use resource materials libraries,statistics and computers．Americans believe that if children are taught to reason well and to reserch well,they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the rest of their lives．Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important than the accumulation of facts．This is America’s answer to the searching question that thoughtful parents all over the world are asking themselves in the fast-moving time：“How can one prepare today’s child for a tomorrow that one can neither predict nor understand?” 词汇： privileged adj．享有特权的 elite n．精英，精华 academic adj．学术的 curricula n．课程 underlying adj．潜在的 reason v．推理 46．Which of the following best states the goal of American education? A)To teach every learner some practical skills． B)To provide every learner with rich knowledge． C)To give every student the opportunity to fully develop his／her ability． D)To train every student to be a responsible citizen． 47．It is implied in the passage that A)all high-school students take the same courses． B)every highschool student must take some practical ability training courses． C)every public school offers the same academic subjects． D)the subjects every student takes may vary． 48．American schools place great emphasis on the learner’s A)enrichment of knowledge． B)accumulation of facts． C)acquisition of the ability to be creative． D)acquisition of the ability to work with his hands． 49．According to the passage，American education meets the needs of all the following EXCEPT A)the brightest students． B)the slow students． C)the students from foreign countries． D)the immigrants． 50. Which of the following best states the feature of American education that makes it different from education in other countries? A)The large number of its schools． B)The variety of the courses offered in its schools． C)Its special consideration given to immigrants. D)Its underlying goal to develop every child’s abilities to the fullest extent Passage Four Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage. 4

大学英语1（本科） 试卷类型：（A，B）卷 【附答案】

Man has invented ways to keep warm, but how do animals defend themselves? They cannot reason in the sense that man can,

but nature has taken care of the animal kingdom by providing animals with special instincts. One of these instincts is known as hibernation.

“Sleeping like a dormouse” is not only a common saying but is a reality. When winter comes, the dormouse and other hibernating animals have reached a well-nourished state. They eat very well in warmer days laying down fat in the tissues of their bodies and during hibernation this keeps them alive. Safe in their nests, or burrows, they sleep soundly until the warmth of spring arrives.

Bats, tortoises, snakes, frogs, even insects like butterflies, hibernate more or less completely. Some, like the squirrels, sleep during coldest weather but are roused by a warm spell. During hibernation, the temperature of an animal’s body drops drastically. Breathing and heart-beats almost cease.

Another instinctive method of avoiding intense cold is to escape by means of migration. Wild swans, seagulls, swallows and cuckoos are a few of the very many kinds of birds which fly thousands of miles, twice a year, to avoid cold. Many animals,

especially those of the Arctic regions, have summer and winter quarters. The Arctic deer of North America, as well as the reindeer of Europe, move southward towards the forests when winter approaches. They return to the northern area when the warmth of spring begins to be sensed.

There are animals which do not attempt to leave at the first sign of winter cold. Their instinctive means of defence is to dig out a deep burrow, made soft and warm by padding out with straw, leaves, moss and fur. In it they have a “secret place” containing food which they hope will last the winter through! Animals which fall into this class include the Arctic fox, the rabbit and the ermine, and the little field-mice.

51. How does the dormouse defend itself against cold in winter? A. It moves about to keep warm. B. It grows thicker fur. C. It sleeps continuously. D. It goes to warmer areas.

52. What keeps animals alive during hibernation? A. The fat stored in their bodies. B. Their thick fur.

C. Their warm burrows. D. Their deep sleep.

53. During hibernation, animals breathe

A. normally. B. at a slower rate. C. at a faster rate. D. irregularly

54. According to the passage, what is “migration” ? A. Moving from one place to another with the season. B. Living in burrows in winter. C. Travelling in the winter months.

D. Leaving one’s own country for another. 55. How do ermines survive in winter?

A. They leave their cosy burrows and migrate to warmer lands. B. They sleep soundly inside their burrows in winter.

C. They dig out burrows and store them with enough food. D. They stay in their burrows and live on the food stored there 5.1 Translate the following sentences into English. 56. 气候的变化可能影响你的健康。(affect) 57. 我肯定他会准时来的。（doubt） 58.让我们转到下一个重要观点。（move on to） 59. 如今，许多人喜欢住在乡下。 ( prefer ) 60. 我正好认识那位作家。( happen )

61. There is still much to be discovered about this vast blanket of water.

62. A lot of my co—workers would complain when the work was too heavy, but they would complain a lot more when there was nothing to do.

63. The good news is that some of the fastest growing service jobs are the better paying ones, particularly in the technical and professional fields.

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