毕业设计
毕 业 设 计（论 文）说 明 书
题 目
将旧车床改造成拉削齿轮内
花键的拉床及浮动部分设计
I
ABSTRACT
II
毕业设计
摘 要
在机械制造和修理工作中，为了提高被加工工件的花键孔、圆孔及键槽的生 产率、精度，均可采用拉削工艺。没有拉床的机修厂，可采用各种型号（ 旧、 废）普通车床改装，只要添一套夹具装置即可，方法简单，制造容易，能完全达 到质量要求。本设计介绍了将普通旧车床改装成为齿轮键槽拉床的方法。在车床 上增加一套专用夹具装置，来达到改造的目的。车床主轴可只输出扭矩，而由夹具装置承受拉削力，从而实现由车床向拉床的改造。在不需要该机床后卸下夹具，装上原有的拖板、刀架和尾座等机构，车床仍可恢复原来 的状态。
关键词：车床、拉床、夹具。
III
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT
This Project In machine-building and repair work, for improve spleen hole, round hole and productivity, precision of keyway to process work piece, can adopt the craft of broaching. Service shop to have broaching machine, can adopt various type (old dethroning) ordinary lathe refit,so long as add the device of a set of jigs, the method is simple, it is easy to make, can totally meet requirements for quality. Have originally designed and recommended refitting the ordinary old lathe to become thegear wheel keyway broaching machine method. Increase one special-purpose jig device at lathe, can change straight line reciprocating motion into gyration sport of lathe. The main shaft of the lathe can only export the torsion, and is born the strength of broaching by the device of the jig,thus realize it from lathe to transformation of broaching machine. Lift jig off behind not needing lathe this, install already existing to tow board, knife rest, tail flatfeet. organization, the lathe can still resume the original state.
Keywords: Lathe; Broacher; Fixture.
IV
毕业设计
目录
摘 要.............................................................................................................................................. II 目录................................................................................................................................................. IV 第一章 绪 论 ............................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 改造机床的意义 ................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 改造的内容 ....................................................................................................................... 1
1.2.1明确设计目的 ........................................................................................................ 1 1.2.2改装的布局 ............................................................................................................ 1 1.2.3改造设计时应注意的问题 .................................................................................... 2 1.2.4 具体解决的方法 ................................................................................................. 2 1.2.5 本设计的结果 ....................................................................................................... 3
第二章 总体设计 ............................................................................................................................. 4
2.1 改造设计思路 .................................................................................................................. 4
2.1.1机床改造的主要内容 ............................................................................................ 5 2.2拉削力的分析和计算 ......................................................................................................... 5
2.2.1拉削力的分析 ........................................................................................................ 5 2.2.2.拉削力的计算 ....................................................................................................... 7 2.2.3 螺旋传动的设计 ................................................................................................. 10 2.2.4 机床功率是否满足要求 ..................................................................................... 14 2.2.5 机床主轴尺寸 ..................................................................................................... 14 2.2.6 拉刀的形状 ......................................................................................................... 15 2.2.7 拉刀夹头的选用 ................................................................................................. 16 2.2.8 定位套的设计 ..................................................................................................... 18 2.2.9 弹簧的选用 ......................................................................................................... 18 2.2.10球形支座的设计 ................................................................................................ 19 2.2.11螺母的选用 ........................................................................................................ 20 2.2.12 支持架的设计 ................................................................................................. 21
第三章 总结 ................................................................................................................................. 23 参 考 文 献 ................................................................................................................................... 24 致 谢 ........................................................................................................................................... 25
V
设计说明书
