专题6 非谓语动词
题型 语法填空 高考真题 1. (2019全国二卷64) Proud Irene declared she had no plans to retire(retire) from her 36-year-old business. 命题解读 2. (2019全国三卷 70)We were invited to attend 1. 考查非谓语动词的句a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting people. 法功能（主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语等）； 3. (2018全国三卷64, 65) I quickly lowered 2. 考查固定搭配。 myself, ducking my head to avoid looking (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel challenged (challenge). 4. (2017全国一卷68) By eating (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. 5. (2017全国三卷61)But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term resting (rest). 短文改错 1. (2019全国一卷) All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say→ saying that I had a talent for football. 2. (2018全国一卷)My grandpa said last summer 1. 谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用； they earned quite a lot by sell→ selling the 2. 过去分词与现在分词fish. 的错用； 3. (2017全国一卷)The instructor kept repeating 3. 不定式符号to的多余the words, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning→ Turn left!” 或缺失； 4. to是介词还是不定式4. (2017全国二卷)When summer comes, they will invite their students 加to pick the fresh vegetables. 5. (2016全国二卷) We can choose between staying at home and take→ taking a trp.
符号的误判。 非谓语动词与语法填空 1. 对非谓语动词类考题，解题时首先要通过句子结构判断所给提示词是否要用其非谓语动词。再通过分析句子成分判断应使用哪种非谓语动词，如：作主语、宾语用动名词或不定式；作目的状语常用不定式;作伴随状语常用现在分词等； 2. 确定要用非谓语动词后，再根据非谓语动词与被修饰词之间的主动、被动关系，动作发生的时间以及句意，判断出该使用何种非谓语动词形式。
非谓语动词与短文改错 1. 检查谓语动词后是否该有不定式符号to； 2. 检查介词后的非谓语动词是否正确； 3. 检查并列结构中非谓语动词形式是否一致； 4. 检查作主语和宾语的非谓语动词形式是否合适； 5. 检査分词作状语是主动还是被动。 必备知识梳理
考点一非谓语动词作定语： 一． 不定式作定语
1. 不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具时，不定式后面需有相
应的介词。
The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.
但是，当不定式所修饰的名词是time、 place或way时，不定式后面的介词习惯上会省略。
2. 用不定式作定语的几种情况：
(1). 不定式与被修饰词之间构成动宾关系
(2016四川卷语法填空) For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something to eat.
(2). 用来修饰被序数词、形容词最高级或no、 all. any等限定的中心词，且与中心词为逻辑上的主谓关系。
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games. (3). 有些与名词同形的后跟不定式的动词，它们用作名词时也常跟不定式作定语，常见的有 promise、plan、attempt、offer等。 I don’t trust his promise to come for a visit.
二． 分词作定语
1. 作定语的及物动词的分词形式：现在分词（doing），“ being+过去分词（done）”
和过去分词（done）。当被修饰的名词与非谓语动词为主谓关系时，用现在分词；当被修饰的名词与非谓语动词为动宾关系且表正在进行时，用“ being+过去分词”；当被修饰的名词与非谓语动词为动宾关系且表已经完成时，用过去分词。
The houses being built are for the teachers. (被动，正在进行)
(2016浙江卷10) To return to the problem of water pollution, I’d like you to look at a study conducted in Australia. (被动，已经完成)
2. 作定语的不及物动词的分词形式：现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表示动作正
在进行，过去分词表示动作已经完成。 boiling water沸腾的水(正在进行) boiled water开水(已经完成)
falling leaves正在下落的叶子(正在进行) fallen leaves已经落下的叶子(已经完成) developing countries发展中国家(正在进行) developed countries发达国家(已经完成) 3. to be done、done和 being done作定语的区别
to be done表被动和将来，done表被动和完成， being done表被动和正在进行。 Have you read the novel written by Dickens? (表被动和完成)
2020年高考英语备考艺体生百日冲刺专题06 非谓语动词(解析版)
