2015年中国九市七岁以下儿童体格发育调查
首都儿科研究所;九市儿童体格发育调查协作组
【期刊名称】《中华儿科杂志》 【年(卷),期】2018(056)003
【摘要】Objective To investigate and analyze the status of physical growth and its change in children under 7 years of age in 9 cities of China,and to provide scientific data for renewing and developing the new growth reference of Chinese children.Methods Data of healthy children under 7 years of age were collected by stratified cluster sampling
method
in and
Beijing,Harbin,Xi'an,Shanghai,Nanjing,Wuhan,Guangzhou,Fuzhou
Kunming during the period from June to November in 2015.They were divided into 22 age groups.The sample size of boys or girls,urban or suburban was 150-200 in each age group in each city,and the total sample size in the 9 cities was 161 774.Weight,length/height,head circumference,sitting
height,chest
circumference
and
waist
circumference were measured by the trained investigators using standard methods.There were strict quality control measures during investigation process.The t test was used to compare the difference of physical growth between two groups and one-way ANOVA was used to compare the difference of physical growth among three groups.Results (1) The level of physical growth of children under 7 years were different
between boys and girls,urban and suburban,as well as different regions of China in 2015.The urban-suburban difference was more significant in children older than 8 months,that is,the weight and height of urban children were greater than those of suburban children (0.01-0.48 kg and 0.1-1.1 cm respectively).(2) Weight and height of children in the 9 cities,whether urban or suburban areas,had been greater than WHO growth standards,for example,the Z-scores of height values of urban and suburban children were 0.43 ±.0.99 (t=130.551,P＜0.05) and 0.30 ± 1.01 (t=87.407,P＜0.05) higher than the WHO standards.(3) The physical growth of children in the 9 cities was improved in varying degrees during the past 10 years.For example,the changes of weight and height in urban children under 3 years were not significant,while there was significant improvement among children older than 3 years and the increasing trend became apparent along with the increasing of age (0.05-1.18 kg in weight and 0.5-1.8 cm in height).The urban-suburban difference of physical growth in each age group of boys and girls narrowed significantly during the past 10 years,which was clearly shown from the narrowing urban-suburban differences of weight and height in boys aged 5.5-＜6.0 years (1.58 kg in 2005 vs.0.44 kg in 2015 and 2.8 cm in 2005 vs.0.9 cm in 2015).(4) From the increments of each decade during 1975-2015,a rapid increments of physical growth during 1975-2005 were found,while the increments after 2005 had slowed
comparing with that of the previous period in urban areas,for example,the increments of height in boys aged 5.5-＜6.0 years were 1.5,2.1,2.7,0.7 cm respectively in the 1st,2nd,3rd and 4th decade (1975-1985,1985-1995,1995-2005,2005-2015).In suburban areas,the trends of the previous 3 decades were similar with that of urban children,while the increments of the 4th decade were still bigger though they were slightly smaller than those of the 3rd decade,for example,the increments of height in boys aged 5.5-＜6.0 years were 2.4,2.3,3.2,2.6 cm in the 1st,2nd,3rd and 4th decade respectively.Conclusions Physical growth of children under 7 years of age showed a slow positive secular trend during the last decade after a rapid increase.The increments of suburban children's physical growth were greater than those of urban children.The physical growth of children under 7 years in 9 Chinese cities exceeded the WHO standards.%目的 了解和掌握我国7岁以下儿童体格发育现状及变化趋势,并为进一步更新和制定新的儿童生长标准提供科学数据.方法 于2015年6-11月应用分层随机整群抽样的方法,调查北京、哈尔滨、西安、上海、南京、武汉、广州、福州、昆明9个城市(简称九市)及其郊区7岁以下健康儿童体格发育现状,分22个年龄组,每市每个年龄组城区和郊区男、女各150～ 200名,共计161 774名.测量指标包括体重、身高(长)、坐高、头围、胸围和腰围;测量工具统一配备,测量方法、测量人员统一培训,实施过程进行严格质量控制.组间比较采用t检验或单因素方差分析.结果 (1)2015年九市儿童体格发育水平存在性别、城郊、地区差异,其中城郊差异在8月龄后较为明显,主要
2015年中国九市七岁以下儿童体格发育调查
