高中英语 人教版新课标 选修六 第四 单元 Unit 4 Global warming 单元综合测评 含答案详解

Unit 4 Global warming

单元综合测评

(时间:100分钟 分值:120分)

选择题部分

Ⅰ.阅读理解(共两节,满分35分)

第一节(共10小题;每小题2.5分,满分25分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

A

The number of buses, taxis and other vehicles on Kenya’s roads is growing every day. Now, the country’s first electric-powered motorbikes are coming into the market. The bike is designed to cut down on pollution and aimed at low-income communities. Most motorbikes used in Kenya depend on gasoline as fuel, but not this new motorbike.

Three university students developed the new ecotype bike. It catches the sun’s energy, stores it in batteries and uses it to charge the electric motor. Robert Achoge is one of the student inventors. “Our hope is that by the fifth year, we will be able to cover the whole of Kenya with the electric motorcycle so as to conserve the environment and provide affordable transport.”

The students have set up a charging station for the motorbikes in Nairobi. Riders can plug the bikes into any electrical outlet. The small battery can run for 70 kilometres when fully charged. Once the power is used up, the motorbike has to return to the station while another charged battery is connected to the bike. The US African Development Foundation (USADF) is providing finance for two solar-powered charging stations in the Kenyan port of Kisumu.

Each ecotype bike costs about $700. One taxi operator says the new motorbike costs less to operate than that running on traditional gasoline. “When it comes to buying gasoline, there’s no need. It’s basically good for various things. As long as you won’t take quite a heavy load(装载量), you can go with it anywhere. Otherwise, it may break down halfway. But now people still have a preference to the gas-powered bikes.”

A Nairobi dealership is selling the ecotype bikes. Businessman Kennedy Kusimba hopes they will become popular. We also know they are more reliable compared to the gas-powered bikes. 1.What do we know about the ecotype bike? A.It was developed by the USADF. B.Its energy comes from the sunlight. C.It can charge itself while running.

1

D.It does more harm to the environment. 2.What do people think of the ecotype bike? A.It’s better not to use it to carry too much. B.It is a good choice for the long-distance journey. C.It will take the place of gas-powered bikes soon. D.It is much more expensive than a traditional motorbike. 3.Where does the text probably come from? A.A research plan. B.An advertisement. C.A government report. D.A science magazine.

B

Several years ago, the mayor of Chicago, Illinois, visited Germany, a leader in green roof design. Former Mayor Richard Daley later decided to have vegetation planted on Chicago City Hall. Today, the tops of many other buildings also look like parks. In Canada, the Coast Plaza Hotel in Vancouver has a forest on its roof. New York City has an unusual demonstration farm for hydroponics(水培).The farm is on a boat called the Science Barge. Rainwater and purified river water are used to grow lettuces, tomatoes, cucumbers and peppers. The farm shows the possibilities for designing rooftop systems.

Green roofs are designed to save energy and capture rainwater. Rooftops covered with plants help keep buildings cool. They can extend the life of a roof. And they can reduce water running off into streets and storming water systems.

Experts say green roofs usually do not get much above twenty-seven degrees Celsius. So temperatures might not be a problem for growing. But rooftop gardeners have to be careful not to put too much weight on the roof. This is true whether plants are grown in soil or water.

Earlier in 2008, researchers in Texas reported that green roofs can reduce a building’s air conditioning costs by about one fifth compared to blacktop roofs. But they also reported that not all green roofs perform equally well. They found that designs differ in their ability to keep buildings cool and to capture rainwater. The researchers put experimental roofs on top of metal insulated boxes, to recreate green roof conditions. The study compared products from six companies to help businesses understand how to improve their designs. Each rooftop had sixteen different kinds of plants native to Texas. The researchers said the presence of native plants likely helped all the green roofs capture water better compared to sedums. Sedums are plants that need little water and often are used on green roofs. The native plants could take in more water and release more of it to the atmosphere. 4.The author writes Paragraph 1 to . A. tell us what is the green roof design

B. tell us Germany is the country that leads or guides the green roof design C. introduce some famous hotels in the world

2

D. lead to the topic of the passage

5.The underlined word “storming” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “ ”. A. attacking B.controlling C.attracting

D.managing

6.According to the passage, which conclusion is WRONG? A. Sometimes green roofs may break down the house.

B. Not all the green roofs can reduce the building’s air conditioning costs equally. C. Different designs of green roofs have different effects on buildings. D. Sedums are a kind of plants native to Texas.

C

The Antarctic’s ice-white environment is going green and facing other unexpected threats. Scientists say that as temperatures go up in the polar region, invading (入侵) plants and insects, including the flies, cause a major threat.

More and more of these invaders, in the form of larvae (幼虫) or seeds, are surviving in coastal areas around the South Pole, where the temperature has risen by more than 3℃ over the past three decades. Glaciers have retreated, exposing more land which has been occupied by mosses that have been found to be growing more quickly and thickly than ever before—providing potential green homes for invaders.

“The common house flies are a perfect example of the problem the Antarctic now faces from invading species,” said Dominic Hodgson of the British Antarctic Survey. “It comes in on ships, where it exists in kitchens and then at bases on the continent. It now has an increasing chance of surviving in the Antarctic as it warms up, and that is a worry. Insects like the house flies carry bacteria that could have a deadly effect on native life forms.” The Antarctic has several native species of insects. Together with its native mosses, these are now coming under the increased threat from three major sources: visiting scientists, increasing numbers of tourists and global warming. However, it is global warming that is the main driver of the greening of the Antarctic.

In 2015, more than 38,000 tourists visited the Antarctic. “These tourists are often very careful about not leaving waste or having mud. But they could carry seeds or larvae on their boots when they set foot on the Antarctic,” said Hodgson.

More and more invasive insects and plants have been found on the Antarctic and have required removal. “The insects and plants that are native to the Antarctic have survived there for thousands of years,” said Hodgson. “We have got to act now if we want to save the environment.” 7.What does the underlined word “mosses” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. A kind of plants. B. House flies.

3

C. Coastal areas. D. A kind of animals.

8.What is the main cause of the Antarctic going green? A. Scientists’ coming. B. Global warming.

C. A growing number of visitors. D. The rapid spread of native planting.

9.What do we know about the house flies in the Antarctic? A. They are native to the Antarctic.

B. They will disappear due to the cold climate. C. They seriously affected the Antarctic native species. D. They directly fly to the Antarctic from nearby islands. 10.What’s the best title for the text? A. The Antarctic is faced with various threats B. The Antarctic is becoming green and energetic C. More and more scientists get to explore the Antarctic

D. Global warming has caused the temperature in the Antarctic to rise up 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 However difficult you find it to arrange your time, it will pay off in the long run if you set aside a certain part of the day for study—and stick to it. 11 But don’t forget to make sure that you have enough time left for recreational activities (娱乐活动) or simply to be with yourself: reading a novel or watching a television programme.

As part of your weekly schedule, it is also advisable to consider exactly what you have to do in that week, and make sure that you handle the most significant tasks first. 12

On a physical level, make sure you have an area or space for study. 13 If you always study in the same place, preferably a room of your own, you will find it easier to adjust mentally to the activity when you enter that area. You should have everything that you might need at hand.

Make sure that all the physical equipment that you use such as a desk is at good height for you. If you use a personal computer, there are plenty of guidelines available from the movement on angles to lighting. 14

4

If you are working on the topic your teacher has set but finding it hard to concentrate, it may be that you actually need to take your mind right off it for a period of time. 15 After a period away from the work, not thinking about it at all, you may return to it refreshed and full of ideas. A.Don’t do it just anywhere.

B.It is best to make a weekly schedule.

C.Make use of equipment that is available to you. D.“Emptying the mind” can work wonders sometimes. E.Consult these and avoid the typical student aches and pains. F.It’s easy to read something and then forget where it came from. G.It’s wise to leave the easier or less urgent areas of your work until later. Ⅱ.完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was in the seventh grade, I was a volunteer at a local hospital in my town.Most of the 16 I spent there was with Mr Gillespie.He never had any visitors and nobody seemed to care about his 17 . I spent many days there holding his hand and talking to him, 18 anything that needed to be done.He became a close friend of mine, 19 he responded with only an occasional squeeze(捏) of my 20 .Mr Gillespie was in a coma(昏迷).

I left for a week to vacation with my parents, and when I came back, Mr Gillespie was 21 .I didn’t have the 22 to ask any of the nurses where he was, for fear that they might 23 me he had died. Several 24 later, when I was a senior in high school, I was at the gas station when I noticed a familiar face.When I 25 who it was, my eyes filled with tears.He was 26 ! I got up the nerve to ask him if his name was Mr Gillespie. With an uncertain look 27 his face, he replied yes.I 8 how I knew him and that I had spent many days talking with him in the hospital.His eyes welled up with tears, and he gave me the warmest hug I had ever 29 .

He began to tell me that 30 he lay there comatose(昏迷的), he could hear me talking to him and could 31 me holding his hand the whole time. Mr Gillespie 32 believed that it was my voice and 33 that had kept him alive.

Although I haven’t seen him since, he fills my heart with 34 every day.I know that I made a(n) 35 between his life and his death. 16. A.time

B.energy

C.effort D.money

C.condition D.opinion

5

17. A.interest B.request