高中英语Unit3InventorsandinventionsSectionⅡWarmingUp

SectionⅡWarming Up & Reading — Language Points

一、这样记单词

记得准·写得对 Ⅰ.基础词汇 1.patentn． 专利证书；专利权 2.powdern. 粉末；火药 3.expectationn. 预料；期待；期望 4.seizevt. 抓住；捉住；夺 5.validadj. 有效的；确凿的 6.filen. 文件；档案；文件夹 记得快·记得多 1.expectation n．预料；期待；期望 [词块] ①answer the expectations of 不辜负……的期望 ②cherish/have/hold an expectation 抱有希望 ③live up to one's expectation符合……的希望 ④against expectations 事与愿违 2.-ive结尾的形容词集锦 ①active 主动的；积极的；主动语态的 vt. 提交；将……归档 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1.distinguishvi.&vt.显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别→distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的；著名的 2.mercifuladj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的→mercy n．仁慈；宽恕； 怜悯 3.productn．产品→produce vt.生产→production ②passive 被动的；消极的；被动n．生产 4.stainlessadj.无锈的；不锈的；没有污点的→stain 语态的 ③positive 积极的；有信心的 ④negative 消极的；负面的 ⑤subjective 主观的 ⑥expensive 昂贵的 ⑦impressive 印象深刻的；令人钦佩的 ⑧aggressive 争强好胜的；挑衅的 3.表示“抓住”的相关词语一览 ①seize vt. 抓住；捉住；夺 ②catch vt. 抓住；接住 ③grasp vt. 抓住；掌握 n．&v．污点；瑕疵；(被)污染；(被)染污 5.abruptadj.突然的；意外的→abruptlyadv.突然地；唐突地 6.convenientadj.便利的；方便的；就近的→convenience n．方便；便利；便利设施 7.cautionn．小心；谨慎→cautious adj.小心的，谨慎的→cautiously adv.小心地；谨慎地 8.passiveadj.被动的；消极的；被动语态的→active adj.主动的；积极的；主动语态的 9.merryadj.愉快的；高兴的→merrilyadv.高兴地；愉快地 10.criterionn．(评判的)标准；尺度→criteriapl. ④catch hold of 抓住 ⑤get hold of 抓住 二、这样记短语

记牢固定短语 1.decide_on 决定 2．call_up 给……打电话 3．in_the_countryside 在农村/乡下 4．now_and_then 偶尔；有时 5．get_rid_of 除掉，摆脱 6．distinguish_...from_... 把……和……区别开 7．set_about 开始；着手 8．apply_for_a_patent 申请专利 三、这样记句式

先背熟 1.The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes. 我所做的第一件事就是看看有没有现成的产品能帮助我。但是，看来只有毒死蛇的药粉。 2.Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor. 只有你得到这种认可之后，你才可以说自己是一个真正的“only＋状语(从句)”放在句首，主句使用部分倒装句式。 there seem to be是there be句型的变体，表示“似乎有……”。 再悟通 后仿用 There_seem_to_be more and more graduates wanting to apply for jobs rather than take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools. 现在想直接参加工作而不是考研的毕业生似乎越来越多了。 多积常用词块 1.feel very proud 感到很自豪 2．the habits of ... ……的习性 3．the easiest way 最容易的方法 4．three possible approaches 三种可能的方法 5．become sleepy 变得困乏 6．the frozen bowl 冷冻过的碗 7．keep it cool 保持冷却状态 8．adjust my plan 调整我的计划 Only_after reached you have eighteen can_you_join_the_army. 只有当你年满十八周岁后，你才能参军。 发明家。 3.The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel. (评定)专利标准是很严格的，除非新的想法真是新颖的，否则很难被接受。 4.Nor will you receive a patent until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everyone else's. 你的产品要经过仔细调查，证明它确实是与众不同的，你才能获得专利。

1．(教材P20)When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset.

我给住在乡下的母亲打电话的时候，她感到很心烦。 call up 给……打电话；使……回忆起 call at 拜访(某个地点) call off 取消；停止 call on/upon 拜访(某人)；号召 call for 需求；需要；去接(某人) call in 邀请；请来；收回 ①The sound of happy laughter called up memories of his childhood. 这欢笑声让他回忆起了他的童年。

②The government calls on the youth to donate their blood voluntarily.

否定副词nor放在句首时，主句使用部分倒装 Tom isn't nervous, so ...that ...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。 It was so_cold_yesterday_that we all stayed at home. 昨天天气很冷，我们都待在家里不出来。 nor_is_Mary. 汤姆不紧张，玛丽也不紧张。 政府号召青年义务献血。

③I will call for you at 8 o'clock at the school gate. 我8点钟在学校门口接你。

[名师点津] 与“打电话”有关的常用表达： ①ring up 给……打电话 ②ring/call back 回复电话 ③ring off 挂断电话 ④give sb. a ring/call 给某人打电话 ⑤hang/hold on 不挂断电话 ⑥The line is busy. 电话占线。 2．(教材P20)Snakes come near the house now and then, and they seem to have made their home here, not far from the walnut tree.

蛇时不时地爬到屋子边上来，似乎是在屋子附近离胡桃树不远的地方安家了。 now and then 偶尔；有时

①We haven't seen each other for years, but we chat online now and then. 我们已有多年未见过面了，但是我们有时会在网上聊天。

②At_times I feel that I want to leave this job. 有时我真想辞职。

③You can hear people fall about laughing once_in_a_while during the show. 演出期间不时传来观众的笑声。

3．(教材P20)Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.

这回我有机会来表现一下自己了。我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇捉住，又不会伤害它们。

distinguish vt.& vi. 显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别 (1)distinguish between ...and ... 区分/辨别……和…… distinguish ...from ... 使……有别于…… distinguish oneself (as ...) (作为……)表现突出 distinguish oneself by ... 某人因……而突出 (2)distinguished adj. 卓越的；著名的；杰出的 be distinguished for ... 因……而出名 ①You should learn to distinguish between right and wrong. 你应学会明辨是非。

②He has already distinguished himself as an athlete. 他作为一名运动员已享有盛名。

③Honestly speaking, I admire your distinguished (distinguish) achievements. 诚实地说，我真羡慕你卓越的成就。

④Because Tu Youyou is_distinguished_for her great breakthrough, she has won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Medicine.

屠呦呦的重大突破使她享有盛誉，因此获得了2015年诺贝尔医学奖。

4．(教材P20) I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them.

于是我就着手研究蛇的习性，以便能找到最容易的方法捉住它们。 set about 开始；着手

set out 出发；启程；开始做…… set off 出发；动身；引发 be set in 以……为背景 set aside 留出；对……不予考虑 set down 记下；写下 set up 树立(榜样)；设立；创立 ①He set about doing his homework after supper. 晚饭后他开始做家庭作业。

②I try to set aside a few minutes each day to do some exercise. 我每天尽量腾出一些时间锻炼身体。

③We set out to find the truth behind the mystery. 我们开始着手揭开谜团后的真相。

[名师点津] set about/out意为“开始做……”时，set about后接名词、动名词形式作宾语，而set out后跟动词的不定式作宾语。

5．(教材P20)They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall. 它们突然一下子就消失在附近的墙洞里去了。 convenient adj. 便利的；方便的；就近的 (1)be convenient for 对……是方便的 It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 某人方便做某事