（3）、I’ll never forget the village where (in which) I spent
my childhood.
（4）、I’ll never forget the village which I visited last
year.
（5）、I don’t know the reason why (for which ) he did that. 4、先行词也可以是整个句子，这时定语从句一般用which或as来引导，
修饰整个句子的内容。Which一般只能置于句中或句末，而as的位置比较灵活。
例：（1）、He has made another wonderful discovery, which I think
is of great importance to science.
（2）、He was awarded a gold medal, which his whole family
considered a great honor.
（3）、As we all know, the earth is round.
5、“名词（代词）+of+which/whom”意思上等于whose+名词，表示所属
关系，一般出现在非限定性定语从句。
例：（1）、We’ ve tested three hundred types of boot, none of
which is completely water proof
（2）、The United States is composed of fifty states, two
of which are separated from the others by land or water.
6、当先行词由the same或such修饰时，关系代词用as指代前面作为
先行词的人或物，形成“the same…as”，“such…as”结构。
例：It wasn’t such a good dinner as she had promised us.
7、当先行词由形容词的最高级、序数词或the only/next/very等修饰
时，关系代词用that而不用which。
例：（1）、This is the most interesting film that has been shown
in this theater.
（2）、This is the very bike that I am looking for. 8、当先行词是不定代词all，anything，nothing，everything，something
等时，关系代词用that而不用which。
例：I couldn’t find anything that satisfies my needs. 9、关系代词前带介词的定语从句：如果关系代词在定语从句中做了动
词词组的宾语。有些动词词组所包含的介词可以提到关系代词的前面。
例：Before her marriage, she spent a considerable（相当的）
time in that very part of shanghai to which she belonged.
三、同位语从句
常跟在fact，news，idea，hope，belief，thought，plan，evidence
等名词的后面，由连词that引导的从句称为同位语从句，that在同位语从句中不做任何成文，这是与定语从句的区别，同位语从句对前面的名词起进一步解释的作用。
例：（1）、Would the news that he failed to pass the exam bother you? （2）、I had no idea that you were here.我没有想到你会在这里。 四、状语从句
在主从句复合句中起状语作用的从句叫状语从句。常见的状语从句有时
间、地点、条件、原因、让步、方式、比较、目的、结果。
（一）、时间状语从句
常用的连词有：when，whenever（无论什么时候），ever since，
until
hardly…when/no sooner…than/no sooner ...than/as soon as/the moment/the minute（一…就…）。
例：（1）、No sooner had they got the goods covered up than
it started raining hard.
（2）、She has wanted to become a nurse ever since she
was a young girl.
（二）、条件状语从句
常用if，unless，as/so long as, provided that（假如） 例：（1）、Unless I’m mistaken, I’ve seen that man before. （2）、Unless you return those books to the library
immediately you will have to pay a fine（交罚款）.
（三）、原因状语从句
需要区别because和because of：because是连词，引导原因状
语从句；because of是介词，后接名词形成介宾结构作原因状语。
例：（1）、He cannot go to school because he is ill.他因为
生病不能上学。
（2）、He cannot go to school because of his illness.
（四）、让步状语从句
1、让步状语从句表示：尽管…，或无论…，常用though/although,
as（尽管），even if/though, however, wherever, whatever, whomever, no matter how/where/what/who/whom等引导。Despite、in spite of（尽管）。
例：（1）、In short, wherever he lives, a man belongs to
some society.
（where引导让步状语，wherever=no matter
where）
（2）、Whoever you are, you must show your ticket to
go into the cinema.
（3）Even if you disagree with her, her idea is still
worth considering.
2、as引起的让步状语从句的构成是：形容词/副词/名词/分词
+as+主语+谓语动词。
例：（1）、Young as he is, he knows what is the right thing
to do.
（2）、Child as he is, he knows quite a lot about
society.
（3）、Much as he likes her, he gets annoyed（打扰）
with her sometimes.
（4）、Published as it was at such a time, his book
still attracted much attention.
第七节 主谓一致
一、名词physics（物理），maths（数学），news，means（方法），works（工厂）
等一般被认为形式是复数形式，意思是单数的名词，它们作主语的时候动词一般用但属性是。
例：（1）、The news coming from different parts of the world is often
extremely discouraging these days.
（2）、Every means has been trid.
二、动名词、不定式、从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
例：When and where the new hospital will be built remain a mystery. 三、当主语是a number+of+复数名词时，翻译为“许多…”，谓语动词用复数；
当主语是the number+of+可数或不可数名词时，翻译为“…的数目”，谓语动词用单数。
例：（1）、The number of errors made by him was surprising. （2）、A number of cars are parked in front of my house. 四、当主语由as well as等词修饰时的主谓一致。当句中的主语后接with，
as well as，along with，together with，including，accompanied by，but等短语+名词（代词）时，主语与谓语的一致关系不受影响，主语是单数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式时，谓语动词用复数形式，
例：（1）、John, along with twenty friends, is planning a party. 约翰和二十个朋友正在计划句型一个集会。
成人学位英语语法汇总
