2024年高考诊断性测试
英 语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，只交答题卡。 第一部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Our favorite tech gifts of 2024
When it comes time for the holiday shopping season, we’re extra choosy about the countless technology products that we will buy and give to friends and family. Here’s what impressed editors, reporters and producers the most in 2024.
Lumos Matrix
I recently bought a Lumos Matrix helmet (头盔) ($229) with built-in lights to make riding my bike at night a lot safer and less stressful. It’s a regular pain point for bikers like me to make sure absent-minded drivers see you, especially when it’s dark. This definitely helps.
— Matt mcfarland, Writer
Goodreads app
Although this isn’t a gift, the free Goodreads app is a gamechanger. At the beginning of 2024, I promised myself I’d read at least one new book every month. I set a goal of 12 books on Goodreads and used it to track my progress, keep a list of books I’m interested in and check out what friends and others on the app were recommending. I read 35 books this year! (That’s up from five books last year.) Goodreads feels like one of the rare feel-good social networks.
— Kaya Yurieff, Tech Reporter
Ember coffee cup
I drink my coffee slowly so it has routinely cooled by the time I get halfway through it. For my birthday, my mum bought me a cup ($99), which keeps my coffee warm until I finish it without trips to the
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microwave for reheating. I can also set the specific temperature I want. It makes my mornings so much easier.
— Millie Dent, Intern
1. What is the main advantage of Lumos Matrix helmet? A. Helping drivers concentrate. C. Making night riding safer.
B. Managing the bad weather. D. Making bikers less painful.
2. What does the writer mean by referring to the Goodreads app as “a gamechanger”? A. It changes some readers’ reading rules. B. It provides readers with free internet games. C. It limits the number of books a reader can read. D. It inspires readers to read more through interactions.
3. Which of the following can best describe Ember coffee cup?
A. Eco-friendly.
B. Convenient.
C. Expensive. B
Every year, the brightest young scientists from around the globe come together to participate in the world’s largest pre-college science competition, the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF). They demonstrate their knowledge of science and engineering to improve the way we work and live.
One of 2024’s winners, Katie Lu, found a method for removing oil from water. This concept can also be applied to the removal of microplastics from our oceans as well.
Here is what Katie told reporters:
My experience at Intel ISEF was amazing! I remember on judging day, walking the exhibit hall and looking at the people gathered outside waiting to get in. My teacher turned to me and said, “That’s the future right there.” It was so amazing to spend time with all of these participants who are going to do amazing things in the future.
My scientific career has taught me not to fear failure and not to be afraid to ask for help. It’s really easy to be overwhelmed (挫败) and wonder if what you’re doing is going to work out, but even if it doesn’t, it’s OK! Always look on the positive side! A failure now doesn’t mean you’re a failure forever. Failure makes success feel earned when it comes. Also, asking for help is good when you’re struggling. You learn how to do things a lot faster and more efficiently.
I’m shocked that some people are still skeptical about climate change. It is real, it is dangerous and it is one of the most important issues of our generation. Reducing carbon emissions isn’t a “should”, it is a “must” to continue living on the planet. Additionally, people aren’t really worried about their personal impact on the earth in terms of littering, overusing plastic or wasting resources. If we don’t curb harmful human activity before it’s too late, it will be a problem that affects all humans, not just those that contribute.
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D. Simple.
4. What seems to concern Katie most? A. Ocean exploration.
B. The overpopulation on the earth. C. Environmental problems.
D. The shortage of natural energy.
5. What can we learn from what Katie’s teacher said? A. No Intel ISEF, no future.
B. All the talents are at the Intel ISEF.
C. The participants will make the future amazing.
D. Katie should try to do better than the other participants. 6. What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us？ A. The setbacks Katie experienced in her science. B. The relationship between failure and success. C. Seeking help is a shortcut to doing things well. D. What Katie has gained from her scientific career.
7. What does the underlined word “curb” in the last paragraph most probably mean? A. Punish.
B. Control.
C. Deny. C
The Underwater Photographer of the Year, which originated from 1965, is a yearly contest based in the United Kingdom. As you might expect, the focus is on photos taken under water, whether in the ocean, in lakes or rivers, or even swimming pools.
The pictures are judged in several different categories. The contest in 2024 had over 5,500 entries from 70 different countries.
The grand prize winner was “Frozen Mobile Home” by photographer Greg Lecoeur. The photo shows seals swimming a small iceberg. To get the picture, Mr. Lecoeur traveled to Antarctica in a small boat and spent time tracking the life around icebergs.
The photo “Last Dawn, Last Gasp” by Pasquale Vassallo of Italy won the
award
for
Ocean
Protection
floating French around
D. Measure.
Photographer of the Year. Mr. Vassallo said that he went diving early in the morning to take this picture of a tuna (金
枪鱼) trapped as fishermen pulled their nets in.
Mr. Vassallo also took “Octopus Training”, a picture that won in
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the category of “Behavior”. He says that when he came up after a dive, he noticed a soccer ball floating on the surface. When he went to check it out, he saw that there was an octopus hanging from the ball. Mr. Vassallo says he doesn’t understand what the octopus was doing, but wonders if it was training for the World Cup.
Though Rooman Luc of Belgium didn’t win the “Portrait” category, his photo, titled “Angry Seahorse”, is quite striking. The close-up shot of a seahorse staring strictly into the camera was named runner up (second place). He said he spent nearly an hour standing in knee-high water being bitten by mosquitos in order to get the picture.
The contest has many more amazing photos that can be viewed on the site, along with the stories behind them. There is even a book with all of the contents that can be downloaded for free. 8. Which isn’t suitable to enter the Underwater Photographer of the Year contest?
A. The crying dolphin.
C. The dancing lemon shark.
B. Saving the elephant. D. Kissing the whale.
9. In which section of a website can we read the text? A. Arts.
B. Literature. D. Education.
C. Documentary.
10. What is the photo “Last Dawn, Last Gasp” aimed to tell us? A. A tuna is hard to shoot.
B. We should protect ocean animals. C. Diving early in the morning is painful. D. There are too many fishing nets in the sea.
11. What can we learn from the photo of “Octopus Training”? A. The Octopus is endangered.
B. Photo-taking should be serious. C. The photographer has a sense of humor. D. The photographer is concerned about the Octopus.
D
If you’ve ever been on a fishing boat, you’ve probably seen crowds of birds following it, hoping to catch a snack. Now scientists use those birds’ behavior to track illegal fishing boats.
Researchers attached data loggers to the backs of 169 albatrosses (信天翁) in Indian oceans. Weighing only 42 grams, the devices included a GPS, which enabled them to detect the presence and intensity of radar signals emitting from boats. That information was then sent by satellite, so the researchers could track the location of the birds—and thus the radar-emitting boats—in real time.
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The scientists then cross-checked that data against the known locations of boats, collected from a system boats use to declare themselves, called the Automatic Identification System (AIS). And noticeable differences appeared frequently.
More than a third of the times the birds “loggers” detected radar signals, and therefore a boat, but no such boat appeared in the official log—meaning that the vehicles had likely switched off their AIS—something that probably happens in illegal fishing operations.
The work suggests birds could be an effective boat-monitoring tool as long as illegal fishing operations don’t target the birds.
Fortunately, such a task would be difficult. Around fishing boats, you can find hundreds of birds at any one time that are flying around. And the birds with loggers are not marked in any way. So it’s not really possible for fishermen to pick out a specific bird.
But what concerns researchers is that albatrosses often get caught by some fishing boats. Though regulations have been established to protect against that happening—with success—illegal boats don’t necessarily obey. So scientists might be underestimating the risk posed to albatross populations. 12. What characteristic of albatrosses do scientists take advantage of in their research? A. Their feeding patterns. C. Their greedy behaviors.
B. Their sense of direction.
D. Their habit of following fishing boats.
13. For what purpose does a boat shut off its AIS? A. To seek more fishes.
B. To have it mistaken for another.
C. To avoid being detected. D. To save the trouble of declaring itself.
14. What does “such a task” in Paragraph 6 refer to? A. Identifying birds with loggers.
B. Monitoring illegal boats. D. Fishing illegally.
C. Tracking radar signals automatically. 15. What could be the best title for the text? A. AIS: an Effective System to Locate Boats
B. Humans Are Good at Discovering Birds’ Nature C. Data Loggers Help Fishermen Get a Good Harvest D. Scientists Use Birds to Track Illegal Fishing Operations 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Slow Food Movement started in Rome, Italy in 1986. When a new McDonalds was opening near a beautiful historic place, some people stood outside the restaurant and shouted, “We do not want fast food, we want slow food!”
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山东省烟台市2024届高三4月模拟考试(一模)英语
