Unit 3 单元加餐练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
People, whose desk space is well ventilated (使空气流通) with below average indoor pollution and carbon dioxide levels, showed more ability to think, understand, remember and learn, according to a new study. Researchers at Harvard claim that working in a green office can help increase the brainpower. It's clear that the indoor air quality can have a great impact on the performance of workers.
Researchers looked at the decision-making abilities of 24 participants (参与者), who were exposed to different indoor working conditions over six days. The data showed that those with higher levels of pollutants were less able to finish the work. Participants scored an
average of 61 percent higher while working in buildings with the low pollution level, compared with those working in the conventional buildings.
The participants were tested on everything from the basic task to crisis (危机) response and information seeking. When low carbon dioxide levels were combined with lower level of pollutants in buildings, scores were 101 percent higher than in buildings with the same decoration and furniture, which researchers said was important. All the time, it is not typically thought of as a direct indoor pollutant.
Dr Joseph Allen, director of the healthy buildings program at the Centre for Health and Global Environment, notes the air quality in the office is an area that has been largely ignored. Fortunately, the research results from Harvard has sounded the alarm in time. “We spend 90 percent of our time indoors, yet indoor environment and its impact on health and productivity are often an afterthought，” he said.
It has turned out that even the modest improvement to indoor air quality may contribute to the decision-making performance of workers. British research has found that having plants in the workplace can increase productivity by 15 percent by making workers more physically and emotionally involved in their jobs.
语篇解读：本文为说明文。研究人员发现，通风良好的绿色办公室有助于提升脑力，室内空气质量对员工的决策力和工作表现有很大的影响。
1．What's the new finding from Harvard? A．It's necessary to paint the office green. B．Fresh air can improve work efficiency. C．Air quality in the office is usually poor. D．People make more mistakes in big offices.
- 1 -
详细分析：选B 细节理解题。由第一段可知，哈佛大学的研究发现，在通风条件良好、室内空气污染和二氧化碳水平均低于平均水平的地方，人们表现出更强的思考、理解、记忆和学习能力。
2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Furniture. C．Carbon dioxide.
B．Decoration.
D．The level of pollutants.
详细分析：选C 代词指代题。由第三段可知，在二氧化碳含量低而且室内污染物少时，参与者的得分比在装修和家具相同的办公室里时高出101%。研究人员称这一发现十分重要，因为一直以来，人们并不认为二氧化碳是直接的室内污染物。
3．What's the attitude of Dr Joseph Allen to the research results from Harvard? A．Critical. C．Doubtful.
B．Positive. D．Unconcerned.
详细分析：选B 观点态度题。由第四段可知，约瑟夫·艾伦博士说，办公室的空气质量在很大程度上一直被人们所忽视。幸好，哈佛大学的研究结果及时为人们敲响了警钟。由此可推测，他对研究结果是持肯定的态度。
4．We can infer from the last paragraph that ________. A．people should reduce time spent indoors B．working conditions decide one's working ability C．British research is opposite to Harvard study D．plants in the office can help people work better
详细分析：选D 推理判断题。由最后一段可知，英国的研究表明，在办公室摆放植物可以使员工在身体和情感上都更投入工作，从而提高15%的生产力。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
In your life, sometimes you may be asked to speak in front of a large group of people. Although it sounds a little scary, even those with stage fright can speak successfully to the group with adequate preparation.
·Practice your speech before the big day.
__1__ If possible, practice the speech in front of a friend or family member to get used to saying it to real people. If you feel you must have note cards, limit the amount to about three cards. This will force you to keep your speech concise and help you keep your eyes focused on your audience.
- 2 -
·Remember why you've been invited to speak.
If you're battling fear over speaking to a large group of people, keep your mind on the fact that you were selected for this important role. The speech organizers must have seen something valuable in you or your expertise. __2__ ·Remember that fear of public speaking is very common.
__3__ Most of the people in the audience would be feeling the same fear and stress that you do in your position. Knowing this may make you feel better.
·__4__ What you say should be tailored to why you're there and who you're speaking to in order to avoid sounding general. If speaking to a charity group, mention the good work certain specific individuals have done for the cause. If speaking at a business conference, briefly state why you want to help these people.
·Keep eye contact with the crowd.
__5__ Pick one person in each section and look at him while you're speaking. After each important point in your speech, switch your focus to another section. When you focus only on one person at a time, the size of the crowd isn't as frightening.
A．A good memory is really helpful. B．Show appreciation to your audience. C．Mention your audience in your speech. D．The more you have it memorized, the better.
E．In fact, it's normal to feel nervous or stressed out before a big speech. F．Separate the crowd into three sections mentally as you get up to speak. G．The knowledge of other people's respect for you should reduce some of the fear. 答案：1～5 DGECF Ⅲ.完形填空
My husband and I were working in a remote village in northern Thailand. There were many __1__， particularly around our housing.
We __2__ our house this past June. Shortly after, while we were working at the office, the __3__ removed all the surrounding banana trees and the grass in order to raise the ground level — she had __4__ on tearing down our house and building a new one after we left. She brought in tons of __5__. This left our house in a kind of moat (壕沟), and when the heavy rains came, our __6__ flooded. This was upsetting, but it turned into something __7__， because when he became __8__ of it, the headmaster at my school got my eighth-grade class to come to help __9__ up. The boys dug into the moat to drain (使……流走) the water, and built a path out to the street, __10__ the girls mopped up the water inside and spread newspapers to __11__ it. Before the problem was truly __12__， however, we had another flood. This turned into a __13__， with
- 3 -
teachers and students __14__ helping clean up. Another time, my husband suddenly got very __15__. It was going to __16__ the ambulance two hours to reach our house, __17__ my co-teacher arranged for a truck from the government office to take us to meet it — this truly __18__ his life by cutting two hours off the ride. There were many other __19__ of care and kindness. This community is dear to our hearts, and there is no way we can ever repay (回报) them. I plan to try my best to pay it forward by __20__ people in need of help.
语篇解读：本文为记叙文。作者在泰国工作期间，得到了社区其他人的热心帮助，由此感慨良多。
1．A.surprises C．wishes
B．disappointments D．challenges
详细分析：选D 由下文作者的房子里进水可判断此处意为生活中遇到了许多困难和挑战。
2．A.picked out C．set up
B．moved into D．met with
详细分析：选B 由“Shortly after, while we were working at the office”可推断，此处指作者一家人搬进那栋房子。
3．A.worker C．owner
B．leader D．loser
详细分析：选C 由下文“tearing down our house and building a new one after we left”可知，作者一家是租的房子，此处应指房东。
4．A.planned C．insisted
B．tried D．carried
详细分析：选A 由“after we left”可推断，建新房是房东的打算。 5．A.ash C．dust
B．water D．dirt
详细分析：选D 由上文“to raise the ground level”可知，房东为了抬高地面运来了许多土。 6．A.office C．town
B．house D．village
详细分析：选B 由上文“This left our house in a kind of moat”可知，作者的房子进了水。
- 4 -
7．A.frightening C．good
B．dangerous D．interesting
详细分析：选C 由下文别人帮助作者一家可知，本是令人苦恼的事最后却变成了一件好事。
8．A.aware C．afraid
B．careful D．sure
详细分析：选A 校长知道作者家进了水，动员师生前来帮忙，由此语境可判断选A项。 9．A.catch C．grow
B．stand D．clean
详细分析：选D 由下文“with teachers and students ________ helping clean up”的提示可判断选D项。
10．A.before C．after
B．while D．unless
详细分析：选B 男生挖沟排水，与此同时，女生拖地吸水。 11．A.cover C．dry
B．hide D．destroy
详细分析：选C 由“mopped up the water inside”和“spread newspapers”可推断，此处指女生用报纸吸水。
12．A.solved C．discussed
B．avoided D．found
详细分析：选A 问题在被解决之前又来了一阵洪水，故选A项。 13．A.meeting C．failure
B．quarrel D．party
详细分析：选D 洪水一来，师生又得忙起来，就如举行一次晚会那样热闹，故选D项。 14．A.still C．even
详细分析：选B 参见上题解+析。 15．A.tired C．sick
B．sleepy D．depressed B．again D．almost
详细分析：选C 由“ambulance”可知，作者的丈夫病了。
- 5 -
2024-2024学年同步人教版高中英语选修八培优新方案练习：Unit 3 单元加餐练
