圣才电子书www.100xuexi.com十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台第三章阅读理解⊙风土人情类
Passage1Coffeeisapowerfuldrink.Onapersonallevel,ithelpskeepUSawakeandactive.Onamuchgenerallevel,ithashelpedshapeourhistoryandcontinuestoshapeourculture.CoffeeplantsgrowwildinpartsofAfricaandwereprobablyusedbytravellingtribes(部落)forthousandsofyears,butitwasn’tuntilthel400sthatpeoplefiguredouttheycouldroastitsseeds.“Thenitreallytookoff,”saidhistorianMarkPendergrast—authorofUncommonGrounds:theHistoryofcoffeeandHowItTransformedOurWorld.Bythel500s,thedrinkhadspreadtocoffeehousesacrosstheArabworld.Withinanotherl50years,ittookEuropebystorm.“Itactuallyhadamajorimpactontheriseofbusiness,”Pendergrastsays.Coffeehousesbecameaspotnotjusttoenjoyacupbuttoexchangeideas.TheinsuranceindustrywasfoundedhundredsofyearsagoinoneofLondon’s2,000coffeehouses.Literature,newspapersandeventheworksofgreatcomposerslikeBachandBeethovenwerealsoinspiredincoffeehouses.ItisoftensaidthataftertheBostonTeaPartyofl773,whenAmericancolonists(殖民者)attackedBritishteashipsandthrewlargeboxesofteaintotheharbor,Americanseverywhereswitchedovertodrinkingcoffee.“There’salotoftruthtothestory,Ifound.”Pendergrastsays.HementionsaletterJohnAdamswrotetohis1/215圣才电子书www.100xuexi.com十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台wife,Abigail,inwhichtheFoundingFatherdeclareshisloveofteabutsayshewillhavetolearntoacceptcoffeeinstead,becausedrinkingteahadbecomeunpatriotic(不爱国的).Foralltheupsidescoffeehasbroughtthemodemworld,italsobroughtitsfairshareofdownsides,too.Europeanscarriedcoffeewiththemastheycolonizedvariouspartsoftheworld,andthisfrequentlymeanttheymadepeopleintoslavesinordertogrowit.1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinghasnothingtodowithcoffee?A.Literature.B.Newspapers.C.Theinsuranceindustry.D.Theoilindustry.2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.TheBostonTeaPartytookplaceinl773.B.Europeansfiguredoutwaystousecoffeeduringthe1670s.C.Duringthel770s,moreandmoreAmericansbegantodrinkcoffee.D.Coffeeisarefreshingdrink.3.Theauthorofthebookbelievesthat_____.A.drinkingcoffeewasunpatrioticB.2,000insurancecompaniesweresetuphundredsofyearsagoC.EuropeanswereresponsiblefortheexistenceofslaveryD.coffeeactuallyinfluencedtheriseofbusiness2/215圣才电子书www.100xuexi.com十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台4.Thephrase“tooloff”inthesecondparagraphmeans“_____”.A.droppedtothegroundB.becameverysuccessfulC.removeditscoatD.wentawaysuddenly5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?A.WhenCoffeeBecamePopularB.CoffeeIsaPowerfulDrinkC.HowCoffeeInfluencedtheCourseofHistoryD.WhatImpactCoffeeHasonHumanBehavior【答案及解析】1【答案】D【解析】结合选项，在原文里我们发现文中第三段提到受到咖啡影响的行业，其中有insuranceindustry（保险业），literature（文学），newspapers（报纸），worksofgreatcomposers（作曲家的工作），唯独没有提到石油工业，因此D项与咖啡无关，故答案选D。2【答案】B【解析】根据文中第四段第一行提到“ItisoftensaidthataftertheBostonTeaPartyofl773”可知，“波士顿倾茶事件”在1773年发生，A选项正确。接着文章又说道“Americanseverywhereswitchedovertodrinkingcoffee.”即，1773年“波3/215圣才电子书www.100xuexi.com十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台士顿倾茶事件”之后，人们开始从喝茶转向喝咖啡，C选项正确。由文章第一行“Coffeeisapowerfuldrink.…ithelpskeepUSawakeandactive”可知，咖啡能使人保持清醒和活跃，D选项正确。根据文章中第二段内容可得：14世纪时，有人发现了咖啡使用方法，15世纪传遍阿拉伯世界，之后又过了150年，即17世纪60年代，它才席卷了欧洲，其中并没有直接提到是欧洲人发明出了使用咖啡的方法，而且时间也不是在17世纪80年代，因此B项描述不符，故答案选B。3【答案】D【解析】文章中提到的书的作者即Pendergrast。根据文中第二段他说的话“Itactuallyhadamajorimpactontheriseofbusiness”可知，该作者认为咖啡饮品对商业的兴起占有主要作用，故D项正确。4【答案】B【解析】tookoff在文章第二段出现“Thenitreallytookoff”，上文提到：咖啡植株生长在非洲部分地区的野外，在外漂泊的部族很有可能已经使用了数千年，但是直到l5世纪人们才发现他们可以烘烤咖啡的种子，接着下文就提到了：咖啡在世界范围内的传播并且产生了深远的影响。所以此处过渡表示的意思应该是：然后它真的成功了。takeoff除了“起飞，脱下”的意思以外，还有“突然成功”的意思。5【答案】C【解析】综合全文，我们不难发现第一段的最后一句是中心句，即咖啡塑造了我们的历史和文化，也就是C选项。A选项只是在第二段涉及，B选项是文章的引子，文章并不是4/215圣才电子书www.100xuexi.com十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台围绕咖啡非常有力量写的，D选项也只是在第一段onapersonallevel那一句话中涉及。因此C项为正确答案。Passage2IfyouhaveachancetogotoFinland,youwillprobablybesurprisedtofindhow“foolish”theFinnishpeopleare.Takethetaxidriversforexample.TaxisinFinlandaremostlyhigh-classBenzwithafareoftwoUSdollarsakilometer.Youcangoanywhereinone,tellthedrivertodropyouatanyplace,saythatyouhavesomebusinesstoattendto,andthenwalkoffwithoutpayingyourfare.Thedriverwouldnotshowtheleastsignofanxiety.Thediningroomsinallbighotelsnotonlyservetheirguests,butalsoserveoutsidediners.Hotelguestshavetheirmealsfree,sotheynaturallygotothefreediningroomstohavetheirmeals.Themosttheywoulddotoshowtheirgoodfaithistowavetheirregistrationcardtothewaiter.Withsuchaloosecheck,youcaneasilyuseanyoldregistrationcardtotakeacoupleoffriendstodinefreeofcharge.TheFinnishworkersarepaidbythehour.Theyareverymuchontheirownassoonastheyhaveagreedwiththebossontherate.Fromthenontheyjustsayhowmanyhourstheyhaveworkedandtheywillbepaidaccordingly.Withsomanyloopholes(漏洞)ineverydaylife,surelyFinlandmustbeaheaventothosewholovetotake“pettyadvantages”.Butthestrangethingis,allthetaxi5/215
军队院校招生文化科目统一考试大专毕业生士兵《大学英语》章节题库-阅读理解(打印版)【圣才出品】
