??a?1???a?2??a2?a3x??o??a1xN?acos[?t?(N?1)?]?aN求: 合振动
M?C解: 设合振动:x ?Acos(?t??0)?A??N?aNA?0??MOP??COP??COM??????N?N?1?????Ra3222??例:设 有N个振动:
x1?acos?tx2?acos(?t??)x3?acos(?t?2?)N?sinA2???asin2N?sin2?A?a??sin2?a3a2O?0?a1P??x??a?1???a?2??a2?a3x??o??a1xN?acos[?t?(N?1)?]?aN求: 合振动
M?C解: 设合振动:x ?Acos(?t??0)?A??N?aNA?0??MOP??COP??COM??????N?N?1?????Ra3222??N?例:设 有N个振动:
x1?acos?tx2?acos(?t??)x3?acos(?t?2?)合振动:
N?12x?a??cos(?t??)?2sin2sin?a3a2O?0?a1P??x讨论:(1) 若 ??2k?k?0,?1,?2,?2k'?C??(2)若 k'?0,?1,?(k'?kN)NN?sink'?A?a?k'?sinN合振动:
N?sin2A?lima???2k??sin2?Na振动强度最大
?0??AM?aN?a3振动强度为0 R?a2N?sinN?12x?a??cos(?t??)?2sin2??xO?0?a1P?二、同方向不同频率谐振动的合成
?A1cos(?1t??10) 振动2: 2?A2cos(?2t??20)x设振动1: 1x合振动: x = x1+ x2 设
?1,?2???2??1A1?A2?A?10??20??0?2??12t)?cos(x?2Acos(?2??12t??0)合振幅呈周期性变化的现象--拍现象 拍频ν拍:振幅变化的频率
同方向不同频率的两个简谐振动的合成 拍 x?2Acos(?2??12t)?cos(?2??12?T拍?||?2??1?拍x12?2??1?||?|?2??1|2?演示 t??0)tx2ttx