《机电专业英语》考试题
一．翻译词汇
mechatronic 机电一体化（技术） sensor传感器
actuator执行元件，执行结构
Feedback反馈 deviation偏差 hydraulic液压的 machine tool机床
geometric modeling 几何建模 job-lot amount单批量 maintenance维护
pallet随行夹具 robot机器人 drill钻床，钻头 Lathe车床
mill 铣床
shaper牛头刨床 planer龙门刨床
grinder磨床 tap攻丝 pulley滑轮
shaft轴
bore 镗削 screw螺杆 tolerance公差
torque转矩 nut螺母 spring弹簧
key键 bearing轴承 coupling联结器
clutch离合器 diode二极管 transistor三极管
transistors 晶体管 integrated circuit 集成电路 chip 芯片
capacitor 电容器 resistor 电阻 digital 数字（式）的
lever杠杆
Servomechanism伺服机构 closed-loop闭环
actuator 传动装置 following device随动装置 troubleshoot故障排除
二．汉译英
1. 机电一体化技术，电子学，机械学，智能数控，机器人学，信息技术，科
学术语。
Mechatronics , electronics, mechanics, intelligent control, robotics. information technology , scientific term .
2. 机电一体化技术广泛用于汽车工业、机械工业以及国防工业。
Mechatronics has been applying widely to auto industry, mechanical industry and national defense industry.
3. 大多数的机加工主要是由五种基本的机床来完成。
More of the mechanical operations are commonly performed on five basic machine tools .
4. 伺服机构是一种闭环控制系统，系统中的控制变量是机械为主和运动。
A servomechanism is a closed-loop control system in which the controlled variable is mechanical position or motion .
5. 可编程控制器，中央处理单元，微处理器，继电器，可编程逻辑控制器，热
电偶，传感器
Programmable controller , CPU , microprocessor , relay , Programmable Logic Controllers(PLC) , thermocouple , sensor
6. 在20世纪60年代的后期，发明了第一个可编程控制器，这是汽车工业在控
制领域的第一场革命。
The first programmable controller was invented , in the late 1960s ; this is the first “revolutionary” in control field in automotive industry .
三.翻译下列句子
1．Although a cam and follower may be designed for motion, path, or
function generation, the majority of applications utilize the cam and follower for function generation.
虽然可以把凸轮和它的从动件设计为用于运动变换，路径变换或者函数变换，但大多数用途是利用凸轮和它的从动件做函数变换。
2. In the case of a disk cam with a radial (in-line) translating roller follower the smallest circle that can be drawn tangent to the cam surface and concentric with the camshaft is the base circle. 对于一个对心直动滚子从动件盘形凸轮，可画出的与凸轮表面相切且与轮轴同心的最小圆是基圆
3. Numerous applications in automatic machinery require intermittent motion. A typical example will call for a rise-dwell-return and perhaps another dwell period of a specified number of degrees each, together with a required follower displacement measured in centimeters or degrees.
在自动化机械中的许多应用需要间歇运动。一个典型的例子将要求一个含有上升一停歇一返回和可能另一个停歇的周期，每阶段经过一个指定的角度，伴随
着一个所要求的从动件的位移，这个位移以厘米或度来度量。
4．Any two mating tooth profiles that satisfy the fundamental law of gearing are called conjugate profiles.
任何满足齿轮传动基本定律的一对相互啮合齿廓称之为共轭齿廓。
5. Although there are many tooth shapes possible in which a mating tooth could be designed to satisfy the fundamental law, only two are in general use: the cycloidal and involute profiles.
虽然可以设计出有很多齿廓来满足传动装置的基本定律，但通常所使用的只有两种：即摆线齿廓和渐开线齿廓。
6. Typical methods of fastening and joining parts include the use of such items as bolts, nuts, cap screws, setscrews, rivets, locking devices and keys.
紧固和联结零部件的典型方法包含使用这些零件：螺栓，螺母，有头螺钉、定位螺钉，铆钉，锁紧装置和键。
7. Methods of joining parts are extremely important in the engineering of a quality design, and it is necessary to have a thorough understanding of the performance of fasteners and joints under all conditions of use and design.
在质量设计工程中，联结零部件的方法非常重要，因此，彻底了解紧固零件和联结零件在所有使用和设计条件下的性能是非常必要的。
8. When a connection is desired which can be disassembled without destructing the parts assembled and which is strong enough to resist both external tensile load and shear load, or a combination of these, then the simple bolted joint using hardened washers is a good solution.
当想要一个可以被拆开又不破坏被联接零件的联接时，而且这个联接又要有足够的强度以承受外拉力和剪力或这两种力的结合，使用淬火垫圈的简单螺栓联结是一个很好的方法。
9. The problem of the specialist in mechanical design is not how to design a rolling bearing but, rather, how to select one.
在机械设计中，专家所面临的问题，不是如何设计轴承，而是如何挑选轴承。
10. The term antifriction bearing is used to describe that class of bearing in which the main load is transferred through elements in rolling contact rather than in sliding contact.
减摩轴承这个词被用于描述这样一类轴承，其主要载荷是通过滚动接触而不是滑动接触的元件传递的．
四．翻译短文
3. The four-bar linkage may take form of a so-called crank-rocker or a double-rocker or a double-crank (drag-link) linkage, depending on the range of motion of the two links connected to the ground link. The input crank of a crank-rocker type can rotate continuously through 360, while the output link just \length of the input link equals that of the output link and the lengths of the coupler and the ground link are also the same, both the input and output link may rotate entirely around or switch into a crossed configuration called an antiparallelogram linkage. [1] Grashof's criteria states that the sum of the
(完整版)机电专业英语试题及答案
