大学英语精读第5册答案1-8单元完整版

Unit1

Study＆Practice

Ⅱ. Paragraph Analysis

1. a 2. c 3. b 4. c 5 .b 6 .c Ⅲ.Vocabulary Activities 1.

1) given 2) at a glance 3)fluency 4）Given 5) hopefully 6) define 7）looked(him)up 8) no good 9)context 10)guidance

11) immediate 12) disgust 13) come across 14)recognition 15)scope 2.

1) washed his hands of 2) given 3) was confronted with 4) countering 5) were reduced to eating 6) at a glance 7) took refuge in

8) less practicable 9) countered 10) dedication 11) in disgust 12) relied on 13) shorts-cuts to 3,

1) Without suitable entertainment, these young people often get bored and take refuge in drinking and taking drugs.

2) The school washed its hands of the students’ behavior during the spring recess. 3) His cruel remarks reduced the innocent girl to tears.

4) Many difficult words are out of the scope of this learner’s dictionary.

5) The thief admitted his guilt as soon as he was confronted with the evidence.

6) The incident should be viewed in the wider context of the political turmoil of that time. 4.

1) has come down 2) came to 3) comes out 4)come up to 5) come in 6) came across 7) has come about 8) come off 9) come to 10) give up 11) was given back 12) give away 13) gave out 14）give in 15) gives off/out Ⅳ.Cloze

1. express 2. both 3. intended 4. still 5. where 6. personal 7. of 8.them 9. make 10. before 11. still 12. before 13. fluent 14. while 15. enough 16. on 17. in 18. In

19. find 20. who 21. carefully 22. to 23. possible 24. make 25. depend 26. than 27. made 28. use 29. phrases 30. above 31. on 32. demonstrate 33. out 34. writing Ⅴ. Passage Translation（省略）

To master a large vocabulary is crucial to the fluency in a foreign language. It is showed by the statistics which are unofficial but frequently quoted concerning the Cambridge First Certificate examination that those students with a vocabulary of less than 3,500 words are less likely to succeed in the exam. The latest research also indicates that native speaker of English knows at least 16,000 English words, when he has received education until he’s 18 or more. Unless you are proficient in a language such as Spanish or German, there is no shortcut to a large vocabulary: you have to depend on diligence and dedication. Of course, you can infer from context the meaning of some new words you come across in reading., but often you have to consult a dictionary to clarify the exact meanings. A practical method to learn new words may be reading widely, especially reading those interesting and exciting. Repeatedly, the same books is often beneficial to you: each time you read it you’ll learn different new words, and the familiar context also helps you to engrave these new words on your mind deeply.

Reading Activity Exercise A

1.d 2.d 3.b 4.c 5.c 6.c 7.d 8.c 9.d Exercise B

1. d 2. h 3. g 4. c 5. f 6. a 7. j 8. I 9. b 10. e 1. flexible 2. haphazard 3. established 4. land 5. mediocrity 6. identical 7. assurance 8. device 9. a host of 10. quadrupled

Unit 2

Study &Practice

II. Comprehension Questions

5. b 6. c 7. c 10. a III. Paragraph Analysis: The Outline

(Paras.3-6) We are losing this fifth freedom through three misunderstanding (Paras.4)

A. The first misunderstanding is that of the meaning of democracy.

We think that democracy in education means gearing all courses to the middle level. We reject special programs and schools for superior students as undemocratic. (Paras.5)

B. The second misunderstanding is that of the meaning of happiness.

This misunderstanding results from our stress on comfort rather than on accomplishment. The stress on material well-being has been reflected in the schools by too little discipline and too easy subjects. (Paras.6)

C. The third misunderstanding is that of ultimate values.

These values have been denied in recent teacher education. The inevitable result in mass selfishness is already evident. (Paras.7-9) IV.

To assure our children the freedom to develop, we must challenge their abilities. (Paras.7)A.

We can give them a demanding curriculum. Michelangelo did not learn to paint by doodling.

Mozart did not become a pianist by watching television.

They, like Eve Curie and Helen Keller, were challenged by disciplined training. (Paras.8)B.

We can give them the right to failure.

We must not give high school diplomas without regard to merit.

We must be realistic about failure to meet standards and must teach our children realism. (Paras.9) C.

We can give them the best values we know.

We can show them what history has taught us to be true. These truths may inspire us to make a “ringing message”that could mean true freedom for them. IV. Vocabulary Activities

1) notion, inhabited 2）denial 3) independent 4) realistic

5）passed for 6) consequent 7) a handful of 8) as opposed to 9) urged, influential 10) eternal 11) descendants 12) cherish

13) related 14) denial, was opposed to 15) haunted 16) discerned 2.

1) combat 2) capabilities 3) eternal 4) opposed to 5) outstanding 6) stake… on 7) no wonder 8) In the light of 9) discern 10) paralyzed 11) crying for 12) awaken to 13) consequent 14) sensitive to 3.

1) No wonder that the children are excited, this is the first time they’ve been abroad. 2) Now that she’s got a part-time job, she is financially independent of her family.

3) As a charity, we provide food and shelter for people in need, regardless of the reasons for

their food.

4) The depression that started in mid-1929 was a catastrophe of unprecedented dimensions for

the United States.

5) Even to this day, the memory of hunger in his childhood still haunts him.

6) Robert overcame his shyness which had formerly paralyzed him in Mary’s presence. 7) The fall in the cost of living is directly related to the drop in the oil price. 4.

1) I don’t think it is realistic to turn to him for help. As a matter of fact, he himself is in need of help.

2) More and more people are being awakened to the urgent need of combating air pollution. 3) There are visible signs that some of the time-honored old traditions and values are no longer

cherished by the young people.

4) Many of us find the notion of a boundless universe hard to grasp.

5) There being so many loopholes in the laws and regulations, it is little wonder that a handful

of speculators got rich overnight.

6) An unprecedented boom in tourism brought sudden prosperity to the small border town,

which was formerly inhabited by only three hundred people.

7) In the light of this information, that country already has the capabilities to make nuclear weapons.

8) Regardless of repeated warnings from his friends, he staked all his money on highrisk ventures. 5.

1) Early rising makes for good health.

2) I don’t know, I couldn’t make out the expression on his face. 3) I’m sorry I can’t quite make out what you mean. 4) No, she made the whole thing up.

5) Well, I have to make up the hour we lost in Chicago.

6) I learned from his wife that he had passed away before my letter reached him. 7) I think it can pass for silk.

8) It says the storm will pass off before dark. 9) Well, I passed it on the manager.

10) Perhaps we can pass on the next one. 11) I think he will pass it over for this once.

Ⅴ. Cloze

1. other 2. magazines 3. consider 4. times 5. answered 6. ways 7. questions 8. offer 9. differ 10. for

11. themselves 12. to 13 .open 14. making 15. so 16. single 17. with 18. Others 19. young 20. private 21. than 22. curriculum 23. kinds 24. Should 25. amount 26. or 27. charge 28. what Ⅵ. Error Correction

1. must-----can 2. start---starting 3. to(which you go) 4. (learn)from 5. that---what 6. are---were 7. (as)if 8. imaginative---unimaginative 9. Inspite---Despite 10. (way)out Reading Activity Exercise A

1.a 2.d 3.c 4.b 5.d 6.c 7. c 8.d Exercise B

1.e 2.f 3.g 4.h 5.j 6.b 7.c 8.a 9.d 10.i

1. go against the grain 2. bent on 3. elite 4. preoccupied with 5. echo 6. set in my ways 7.on his mind 8. get through 9. were lingering 10.wary of

Unit3

Study&Practice

Ⅱ.Comprehension Questions

3. c 6. b 9. d 11. b Ⅲ. Outlining Activity

1. The most important psychological discovery of this century is the discovery of the

“self-image”.

A. Self-image is our opinion of ourselves.

B. All of us have it and we do not question its validity, but proceed to act upon it just as if it were true.

2. This self-image becomes a golden key to living a better life because of two important discoveries.

3. The first important discovery is that all our actions, feelings, behavior and abilities are always consistent with this self-images.

A. People tend to act like the sort of person they think themselves to be.

B. Self-image is a base upon which their entire personality and behavior are built. C. They are unaware of the true causes of their troubles.

4. The second important discovery is that one’s self-image can be changed at any time in his life.

A. Up to now our efforts at change have been directed to the circumference of the self instead of the center.

B. “Positive thinking” about a particular thing will not help as long as we hold a negative self-image.

5. Prescott Lecky is often mentioned because he was a pioneer in self-image psychology.

A. He was a school teacher and made experiment on thousands of students to help them Change their self-images.

B. He believed that if a student could change his self-image, his learning ability would change too.

C. The real trouble with those students was an inadequate or negative self-image.

IV. Vocabulary Activities 1.

1) accordingly 2) credits 3) ideal 4) honorable 5) conceive of 6) defect 7) conception 8) premise 9) objective 10) lies in 11) have borne out 12) induce 13) vicious 14) venture 15) as the case may be 2.

1) ideal 2) objective 3) negative about 4) honorable 5) external 6) as the case may be 7) premise 8) prevailed upon 9) defects 10) accordingly 11) is not consistent/inconsistent with

12) a miraculous 13) conceive of 14) verified 15)induce 16)vicious 3.

1) This medicine is for external use ,not to be taken orally.

2) It never occurred to him that people could deliberately do harm to others purely out of malice. 3) An atmosphere of warm friendship prevailed at the reception.

4) Many women can identify with the movie’s heroine, who struggles to gain respect and fulfill

her ambitions.

5) He claimed credit for the success of this project even though he had contributed very little. 6) Women are often the first to victim to rising unemployment at a time of recession. 7) What he does is not consistent with what he says.

8) I will start working or pursue graduate studies, as the case may be. 4.

1) set up 2) set side 3) set back 4) set out 5) set about 6) set off 7) was going on 8) went on 9) go by 10) has gone without 11) go after 12) went through with 13)go over 14) go into 15) went off 16) are going in for V. Cloze.

1) as 2) in 3) confirm 4) stupid 5) way 6) rather 7) that 8) out 9) longer 10) how 11) from 12) sales 13) to 14) continued 15) more 16) still 17) not 18) self-image 19) certain 20) from 21) from 22) come

Passage Translation

If you set out to do some business but failed, do not lose your confidence. There are great differences between that “I failed three times” and that “I am a failure”. As long as you try to learn from you failure instead of holding a negative view about yourself or identifying with failure, you are very likely to succeed in the future. Have you ever thought that those who have failed again and again are always the victims of bad self-image? They failed often because of not external reasons but internal reasons. Countless examples verify that if those people could be prevailed on to change their view and set up positive self-image, their performance would change miraculously. Success can come at any time, whenever you are thirty, forty or when it seems that you have failed all your life. Success in early years is sweet, but the late one is more tasty.

Reading Activity ExerciseA

1. c 2. c 3. d 4 a 5. c 6. d 7. d 8. c 9. d 10. a 11. d 12. b 13. a 14. c