一般过去时与现在完成时的区别

一.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延续到现在的动作或事情,但动作或事情现在已经结束。 eg：1. Someone has just turned off the light.

有人刚把灯关了。

2. I have already finished my homework.

我已经完成了家庭作业。

二.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延续到现在的动作或事情,但动作或事情可能仍在继续。

eg：1.I want to see how much the place changed since I saw it last.

我想看看从上次见到那地方以来它发生了多大变化。 2. I have learnt English for more than ten years. 我已经学了10多年的英语。

三.表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历.

eg：1. Have you ever been to the Summar Palace?

你曾去过颐和园吗?

2. I have never had a car.

我从未有过汽车。

四.现在完成时还常与句型 This is the first time?，It’s the first time ?连用。 eg：1.This is the first time he has driven a car .

这是他第一次开车。

五.现在完成时和最高级连用表示到现在为止是最?的。

What a boring film！ 一部多么令人厌烦的电影啊！

It’s the most boring film I’ve ever seen. 这是我看过的最令人厌烦的电影。

现在完成时与一般过去时的区别

一.现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情，但现在完成时注意的不是事情本身，而是强调事情与现在保持的某种密切联系（如现在的结果，影响,一直延续到现在等）;而一般过去时，则只表示发生在过去的动作和事情与现在没有关系。 eg：1. He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他已经买了一本英汉字典。

eg：2. He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾买过一本英汉字典。

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第一句用现在完成时时态，意为：“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And he still has it” “过去他买了一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典” 。

第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强调说明。

二．当有一个表示过去某一特定时间的状语时，不用现在完成时，而用一般过去时: eg：1. I saw the film on television yesterday .

但since(自?以来)+某一过去时间或叙述过去事情的从句总是与现在完成时连用。 eg：1. They have known each other since 1950 . 2. Since he was a child,he has lived in England. 三．常与一般过去时连用的典型的表示过去时间的状语 yesterday(昨天),the other day (前两天),just now(刚才)， 时间+ ago,last +时间 ; etc;

eg: 1. The plane took off ten minutes ago 飞机十分钟前起飞了。

eg: 2. We finished our task last week . 我们上周完成了我们的任务。

四．常与现在完成时连用的表示到现在为止这段时间的词．短语或从句:

so far (到现在为止)，up to (till,until)now直到现在，lately（最近）yet ,since+过去时间或叙述过去事情的从句。

eg：1. The weather has been hot so far this summer 到目前为止，今夏天气一直很热。 2. I haven’t seen her yet . 我还未见到过她。

五．可与现在完成时连用，也可与一般过去时连用的时间状语： for +时间 ，this +时间 表示不确定时间：

ever,never,before,just,recently,already

eg: 1. I have learnt English for three years. 我学英语（到现在）三年了（仍在学）。 2. I learnt English for three years.

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我学了三年英语（现在不学了）。

3. I have written two letters this morning 今天上午我写了两封信，(说话时仍是上午) 4. I wrote two letters this morning . 今天上午我写了两封信，（下午或晚上说的

注：表示不确定时间的状语，在句中无其它特定的过去时间状语时，或无表示过去动作的从句时常与现在完成时连用。

eg: 1. I have not written to my parents recently. 我最近一直未给父母写信。

2. I have met him many times before. 我以前见过他多次。 现在完成进行时的主要用法

表示一个持续了一段时间，刚刚结束或仍在继续进行的动作。与现在完成时有所有同的是现在完成进行时强调动作本身或动作的持续性、持久性。

eg：1. We’ve been looking for you everywhere.where have you been? 我们一直在到处找你，你上哪儿去了？ 2. What have you been doing? 你一直在做什么？

3. I’ve been writing a laboratory report. 我一直在写实验报告。 一.Find the choice :

1.When I was at school,I_______to the library every day.

A.go B.was going C.have goneD.went 2.The new books_______yet.

A.haven’t arrived B.has’t arrived C.didn’t arrive D.don’t arrive 3.____you ever_______to shanghai. A.Haven’t arrived B.Hasn’t arrived C.Didn’t arrived D.Have?been 4.He_______his lunch.

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A.had B.have had C.has had D.ate

5.For years,doctors________millions of patients lives with the help of microscopes. A.saved B.have saved C.has saved D.were saving 6.I was so happy to see John again last Sunday ,We ______each other for more than two years.

A.haven’t seen B.hadn’t seen C.didn’t see D.hasn’t seen 7.We ______three lessons this month. A.have learned B.learned C.has learned D.were having 8.I______to Paris several times. A.went B.have gone C.have been D.was going

9.Alice _______ in china for ten years. A. has lived B.have lived C.lived D.has live 10.My uncle ____in this city since 1980. A.lives B.have lived C.has lived D.lived 11.By now old Wang ____in that factory for twenty years. A.have worked B.worked

C.works D.has worked

12.Christianity(基督教) has become a worldwide religion(宗教) since it ____almost two years ago. A. begin B.begins C.began D. has begin

13.Shakespeare ____many plays such as Hamlet,and Romeo And Juliet. A.writes B.have written

C.wrote D.has written

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14.When we lived in phoenix we ______ at Arizona State university. A.studied B.have studied C.study D.were studying 15.I wrote to my parents three month ago but I______to my parents lately. A.haven’t written B.don’t write C.didn’t write D.will not write

16.Li Ming _____to Shanghai.He will be back next month. A.went B.have gone C.has gone D.will go

17.She ____an actress for some time . A.was B.being C.is D.has been

18.Professor Chen ____our exams yet. A.didn’t mark B.hasn’tmarked C.will not mark D.haven’t marked

19.He left last year and_____away ever since. A.is B.have been C.was D.has been

20. I_______my task the other day.

A.finished B.have finished C.finish D.will finish 二. choose the one that is wrong:

1.I lived in this city since I was a child .

2.I lost my pen, I have to write with a pencil . 3.Hangzhou is the most beautiful city I saw . 4.She has read the book last week . 5.My classmates and I have visited the memorial hall of chairman Mao yesterday .

6.My grandmother has lived with us since my grandfather has died six years ago .

7.After breakfast she takes a walk to buy the morning paper she does this every morning

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for ten years .

8.It was very hot lately ,but it’s beginning to get a bit cooler . 9.Have you gone to the great wall?Yes,I have ,I went there last Sunday . 三.Fill in the blanks

For the last three days I ______(work ) hard.When we moved in three days ago ,everything was in a mess ,but now I ______ almost ( finish) the job. Today I ______ (work)since breakfast and ______ (not have )anything to eat . Anne ______ (bring )me a sandwich an hour ago but I ______ (tell) her not to come into the kitchen. I ______ (never,forget) what______ (happen) several years ago when she tried to help me ,I ______ (hot have )many accidents since then but Anne ______ (often,warn)me to be careful .she ______ (warn) me again this morning at breakfast time , but I ______ (work)for four hours and nothing ______ (go)wrong.Now I ______ (drop) the tin of paint .Has anything like that ever happened to you？ 练习参考答案

一.1.D 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.A8.C 9.D 10.C 11.D 12.C13.C14.A15.A 16.C 17.D 18.B 19.D 20.A

二.1.A 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.B

1.lived-have lived 2.lost-have lost 3.saw-have seen 4.has read-read 5.have visited-visited

6.has died-died 7.does-has done 8.was-has been 9.gone-been 三.1. have been working 2.have finished 3.have been working 4.have not had 5.brought 6.told7.have never forgotten 8.happened 9.have not had 10.has often warned 11.warned 12.have been working 13.has gone14.have dropped

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