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中考英语形容词和副词考点归纳与解析
【重点讲解】
形容词用来修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。大多数形容词有比较等级的变化，可分为原级、比较级和最高级三种基本形式，用来表示事物的等级差别。
副词在句子中主要修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。副词按词汇意义可分为方式副词、程度副词、地点副词、时间副词和频度副词等。分别用于表示状态、程度、场所、时间。副词也有比较等级的变化，其规则形式与形容词的相同。
掌握形容词和副词的基本用法要注意以下几点：
1、有些形容词加-ly可构成副词。但由名词加-ly结尾的是形容词，如 friendly，lovely， likely，lively等。
2、形容词、副词的比较级等级的变化。 1）规则变化：
① 单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加-er/ est
small——smaller——smallest; clever——cleverer——cleverest ② 辅音字母+y结尾的，把y变成i加-er / est: easy——easier——easiest; heavy——heavier——heaviest
③ 词尾以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词，双写该辅音字母，然后加-er/ est:
big——bigger——biggest; hot——hotter——hottest ④ 多音节词和部分双音节词，在词前加上more/ most: slowly——more slowly——most slowly;
interesting——more interesting——most interesting 2）不规则变化： 原级 good(好的)/ well(健康的) bad (坏的)/ ill(有病的) 比较级 better worse 最高级 best worst 可编辑版
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old (老的) much/ many(多) little(少) far (远)
3、表示比较的几种句型：
older/elder more less farther/further oldest/eldest most least farthest/furthest 句型1：“比较级 + than ”，例如： You are taller than I.
They lights in your room are brighter than those in mine. 句型2：“as + 原级 + as”，否定句中可用so… as例如：
Tom is as tall as his father. He cannot run so/as fast as you. 句型3：“最高级 + in/of…”，例如：
The Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. Peter is the tallest player of the three.
4、可修饰比较级的词有much, even, far, still, rather, by far, a bit, a little, a lot, a great deal等。例如：
The sun is much bigger than the earth. 太阳比地球大得多。 He did his work far better than I. 他的工作做得比我好得多。
【中考链接】
1. —The teacher looked at her students________ when they were saved. —We also felt________ for them. A. happily, happy C. happy, happy
B. happy, happily
D. happily, happily
答案：A。【解析】本题考查形容词和副词的用法。第一句中look at是短语动词，要用副词happily来修饰。第二句felt是连系动词，连系动词后接形容词happy作表语。故答案为A。 2. —This dish tastes________.
—Thank you. It ________ by Mr. Smith. A. good; was cooked
B. well; cooks
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C. bad; is cooked D. terrible; cooked
答案：A。【解析】本题考查形容词作表语和动词的被动语态的用法。taste是连系动词,连系动词后应接形容词作表语，根据上下文，第一空应该选good, the dish是在他们说话之前做好的，所以第二句用一般过去时的被动语态形式，故选A。
3．—________ good news it is! The panda are found alive after the earthquake. — It’s so________. A. What a, excited C. How a, excited
B. What, exciting D. How, exciting
答案：B。【解析】开头一句是感叹句，由于news是不可数名词，第一空要填what。exciting在此作表语，意为“令人激动的”。故选B。 4. —Traveling by plane is _______ than traveling by train. —Yes, but it is not so _______ as traveling by train. A. quickly; cheaper C. quick; more cheap
B. more quick; cheaply D. quicker; cheap
答案：D。【解析】第一句根据句意应选用形容词的比较级，quick是单音节的形容词，所以在其后直接加-er。第二句是考查(not)so…as句型的用法，在as…as或(not)so …as)句型中形容词要用原级，故选D。 5. —Shall we go to the Hi-tech Fair at 9:00 tomorrow morning? —Why not meet a little________? How about 8:30? A . more
B. less C. later
D. earlier
答案：D。【解析】本题考查副词比较级的用法。根据句意，将见面的时间从9：00改为8：30，是提前了，所以选D。 6. I think real cards are________ than e-cards. A. nice
B. nicer
C. nicest
D. the nicest
答案：B。【解析】根据句意，两种卡片相比，应用形容词的比较级，故选B。 7. —How much money did you pay for the drink? —None. It was________. A. easy
B. free C. cheap
D. expensive
答案：B。【解析】本题要求根据对话内容选择恰当的形容词。根据答语开头的 “None”可看出“饮料不用付钱”，所以选答案B。
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8. —Let’s go to the new restaurant on the 24th Street for dinner tonight? —We can cook it at home. It’s________. A. expensive B. more expensive C. less expensive D. the most expensive
答案：C。【解析】在家里做饭一般没有在餐馆吃贵，所以选C。句意为：“今晚我们去二十四号街的新餐馆吃晚餐，好吗？”“我们在家做饭吧，这样会花费少些。”
9. Everyone likes Kevin because he talks to others________. A. friendly B. lovely C. politely D. luckily
答案：C。【解析】本题应填副词，作状语。A和C是形容词，D的意思不恰当，故选C。句意为：人人都喜欢Kevin，因为他跟人说话很有礼貌。 10. Daniel is a careful driver but he drives ________ of my friends. A. more carefully B. the most carefully C. less carefully D. the least carefully
答案：D。【解析】本题考查副词最高级的用法。 根据句中表比较范围的“of my friends”来判断，应该选副词的最高级。可以排除A和C。 “but”是表示转折意思的连词，因此排除B而选D。句意为“虽然Daniel是个谨慎的驾驶员，但在我的朋友中，他驾驶最不小心了。”
【习题精炼】
1. The sun _______ rises in the east.
A. never B. sometimes C. always D. often 2. —I always listen to the teacher________ in class. —It’s very clever of you to do that.
A. free B. freely C. careful D. carefully 3. They could do the work better with _____ money and _____people. A. little, fewer B. fewer, less C. less, fewer D. less, few 4. Monday is my________ day.
A. the busiest B. busy C. busier D. busiest 5. Mr. Taylor, the bank manager often dresses more________ to get relaxed at the weekends.
A . carefully B. normally C. casually D. particularly
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6. Jenny, a man named Tom phoned you________. He asked you to call him back. A. now and then B. just now
C. right now D. from now on 7. Tom is _____of the two.
A. the younger B. the youngest 8. —What _______ news it was!
— Yes, all of the children were________.
A. excited; exciting B. exciting; excited C. exciting; exciting A. cheap
D. excited ; excited
9. The pianos in this shop are as _____ as the ones in that shop.
B. cheapest C. cheaper D. the cheapest
B. colder and colder D. coldest and coldest
10. It’s winter now. It is getting _____. A. very cold and cold C. more cold and cold
【答案详解】
1. 答案：C。【解析】本题考查频度副词的用法。频度副词表示动作发生的频率，always表示“总是”，often表示“经常”，sometimes表示“有时”，never表示“从不”。根据句意应选C。
2. 答案：D。【解析】“听老师讲”要用副词修饰，所以排除A和C。freely意为“自由地”，用在此处不恰当，故选D。Carefully是副词。句意是：“课堂上我总是认真地听老师讲课。”“你那样做是很明智的。”
3. 答案：C。【解析】形容词little修饰不可数名词，而few修饰可数名词的复数，所以只能用little修饰money，而用few修饰people。句中存在比较的含义，所以要用little和few的比较级的形式。
4. 答案：D。【解析】本题考查形容词比较等级的用法。句中虽然没有出现相比较的对象，但从句首的Monday可以看出，是将这一天与一周中的其它几天相比。根据题意应选形容词的最高级。形容词最高级前有物主代词修饰时，不可加定冠词the, 所以排除A，选D。
5. 答案：C。【解析】Carefully表示“仔细地”；normally表示“正常地”；casually表示“随便地”；particularly表示“独特地、显著地”。根据意思来判断应该选C。句意为：“银行经理泰勒先生经常在周末的时候穿得很随便，使自己感到轻
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C. younger D. the young
中考英语形容词和副词考点归纳与例析
