2024高考高三英语二轮复习语法专项之定语从句

定语从句

一．考情分析，命题探究

2015-2024年定语从句考情一览表

题型 2024 2024 2017 2016 2015 I II III II III I II III IIII I II I I I 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

语法填空 改错 纵

观近五年全国卷高考试题，定语从句仍是近五年高考考查热点。对定语从句的考查主要集中在对关系代词、关系副词的的选用及判断以及非限制性定语从句的考查上。

二．真体演练，品味高考

1. (2024全国卷III) They were well trained by their masters who had great experience with caring for these animals.

2. (2024全国卷II) Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,which she opened with her late husband Les.

3. (2024全国卷III) (改错) In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment which is created for them.

4. (2024全国卷I)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014,which showed a mere five to 10. minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.

5.(2024全国卷II) The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005---when the government started a soil-testing programthat/whichgives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers----and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7. 7 million tons.

6. (2024全国卷I) (改错) They also had a small pondin which/where they raised fish. 7. (2017全国卷I) Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,which is not good for the health.

8.(2017全国卷II) (改错)In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, which is on the rooftop of their house.

9. (2017全国卷III) (改错) Around me in the picture are the things that were very important in my life at that time.

10. (2017全国卷III) But sarah,who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.

11.(2016全国卷III) Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius who lived from roughly 551- to 479 B.C., influenced the development of chopsticks.

12. (2016全国卷I) But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.

13. (2015全国卷I) I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which are pictured by artists

in so many Chinese paintings. 14.(2024·江苏卷)We have entered into an age when dreams have the best chance of coming true. 15.(2024·天津卷)Their child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences. 16.(2024·江苏卷)Self-driving is an area where China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line. 17.(2024·北京卷)She and her family bicycle to work, which helps them keep fit. 18. (2017·北京卷)The little problems that/which we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. 19.(2017·天津卷)My eldest son, whose work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. 20.(2017·江苏卷)In 1963, the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of whose purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. 21.(2017·浙江卷)Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, where it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. 22．(2024·北京卷)The students benefitting most from college are those who are totally engaged in academic life, taking full advantage of the college's chances and resources． 23.(2024·浙江卷)On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth that/which gives off light in the dark.

三.考点总结，查漏补缺 知识点一：定语及定语从句

翻译句子,画出句子的定语成分。 ⑴The girl behind the tree is kate.

The girl who is behind the tree is kate. ⑵The man driving too fast was a drunk.

The man who was driving too fast was a drunk.

⑶Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.

Most of the people who were invited to the party were from South Africa. ⑷You need someone to look after you.

You need someone who can look after you. ⑸She has a garden much larger than yours.

She has a garden which is much larger than yours. 小结: ⑴定语从句:在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。

⑵先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

⑶关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。头系代词有that, which,who, whom, whose 等; 关系副词有when, where, why 等。

⑷关系词通常有下列三个作用： ⑴引号定语从句；⑵代替先行词；⑶在定语从句中担当一个成分。

例如: The women who are speaking at the meeting are famous scientists.

该句中, who are speaking at the meeting are famous scientists.是定语从句,修饰先行词 the women,who是引导定语从句的关系词,代替先行词 the women,在定语从句中作主语。

知识点二：关系代词引导的定语从句

翻译句子,画出定语从句,圈出关系词并分析其功能 。 ⑴Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? ⑵Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working. ⑶I like those books whose topics are about history. ⑷Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ⑸He is such a person as is respected by all of us. ⑹This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.

⑺The film( which/that ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 总结： 充当从句中的句子成关系词类别 关系词 先行词 分 who 关系代词 whom which that as whose

注意：定语从句在下列情况下只能用that，而不能用which指物。（指人时可以

人 人 物 人或物 人或物 人或物 主，宾，表 宾 主，宾，表 主，宾，表 主，宾，表 定 用who/whom）

1. 当先行词被形容词最高级或者序数词修饰时。如： This is the best film that I have ever seen.

2. 当先行词是不定代词everything, anything, nothing ,something, all, none, few, little,much等代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。如：

Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said?

3. 当先行词被the very, the only, the same, the last修饰时。如： After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owns. 4. 当先行词是who,或which引导的主句时。如： Who is the man that is standing by the gate? Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 5. 当先行词既有人又有物时。如：

They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school. 知识点三：关系副词引导的定语从句