考研英语模拟题13
试卷总分：100答题时间：100分钟
Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) from each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D onANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
All Sumerian cities recognized a number of gods in common, including the sky god, the lord of storms,and the morning and evening star.__1__the Sumerian worshipped the goddess of fertility, love, and war,she was evidently lower__2__status than the male gods, indicating that in a more urbanized societythe__3__that the peoples of previous times had paid to the earth mother goddess had__4__. The godsseemed hopelessly violent and __5__, and one’s life a period of slavery at their easy will. The epicpoem The Creation emphasizes that__6__were created to enable the gods to__7__ up working. Each citymoreover had its own god, who was considered to__8__ the temple literally and who was in theory theowner of all property within the city.__9__the priests who interpreted the will of the god andcontrolled the__10__ of the economic produce of the city were favored__11__ their supernatural andmaterial functions __12__. When, after 3,000 B. C., growing warfare among the cities made militaryleadership__13__, the head of the army who became king assumed a(n)__14__position between the god,whose agent he was, and the priestly class, whom he had both to use and to __15__. Thus king and
priests represented the upper class in a hierarchical society.__16__them were the scribes, the secularattendants of the temple, who__17__every aspect of the city’s economic life and who developed a roughjudicial system.__18__the temple officials, society was divided among an elite or__19__ group of largelandowners and military leaders; a mixed group of merchants, artisans, and craftsmen, free peasantswho__20__ the majority of the population; and slaves.1.
[2分]-----正确答案(D)AUnlessBAsCLestDAlthough
2.
[2分]-----正确答案(B)ABCD
3.
oninwithabout
[2分]-----正确答案(B)AworshipBreverenceCadmirationDgratitude [2分]-----正确答案(C)AvanishedBrecoveredCdeclinedDattained
4.
5.
[2分]-----正确答案(A)AunpredictableBunforgivableCunlimitedDunlikely [2分]-----正确答案(D)AcreaturesBanimalsCmenDmortals [2分]-----正确答案(C)Ause
6.
7.
BturnCgiveDback
8.
[2分]-----正确答案(A)AinhabitBliveCresideDlodge
9.
[2分]-----正确答案(A)AHence
BThereafterCSomehowDIncidentally
10. [2分]-----正确答案(C)
Aintroduction
BtransactionCdistributionDprovision
11. [2分]-----正确答案(B)
AasBforCunderDof
12. [2分]-----正确答案(D)
AalongBanywayCafterwardsDalike
13. [2分]-----正确答案(B)
Aadditional
BvitalCsingularDexceptional
14. [2分]-----正确答案(C)
AalternativeBsecondaryCintermediateDfundamental
15. [2分]-----正确答案(A)
ApacifyBtemptCsuppressDmanipulate
16. [2分]-----正确答案(C)
ABesideBBeyondCBelowDBefore
17. [2分]-----正确答案(A)
Asupervised
BheldCmanagedDpresided
18. [2分]-----正确答案(D)
AAround
BUnderCAboveDOutside
19. [2分]-----正确答案(B)
AleadingBnoble
CcontrollingDprincipal
20. [2分]-----正确答案(B)
AconsistBcomposeCcompileDconsume
Section ⅡReading ComprehensionPart A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark youranswers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
Passage 1
The provision of positive incentives to work in the new society will not be an easy task. But the mostdifficult task of all is to devise the ultimate and final sanction to replace the ultimate sanction ofhunger—the economic whip of the old dispensation. Moreover, in a society which rightly rejects thepretence of separating economics from politics and denies the autonomy of the economic order, that
sanction can be found only in some conscious act of society. We can no longer ask the invisible hand todo our dirty work for us.
I confess that I am less horror-struck than some people at the prospect, which seems to me unavoidable,of an ultimate power of what is called direction of labour resting in some arm of society, whether inan organ of state or of trade unions. I should indeed be horrified if I identified this prospect with areturn to the conditions of the pre-capitalist era. The economic whip of laissez-faire undoubtedly
represented an advance on the serf-like conditions of that period: in that relative sense, the claim ofcapitalism to have established for the first time a system of “free” labour deserves respect. But thedirection of labour as exercised in Great Britain in the Second World War seems to me to represent asgreat an advance over the economic whip of the heyday of capitalist private enterprise as the economicwhip represented over pre-capitalist serfdom.
Much depends on the effectiveness of the positive incentives, much, too, on the solidarity and self-discipline of the community. After all, under the system of laissez-faire capitalism the fear of hungerremained an ultimate sanction rather than a continuously operative force. It would have been
intolerable if the worker had been normally driven to work by conscious fear of hunger; nor, except inthe early and worst days of the Industrial Revolution, did that normally happen. Similarly in thesociety of the future the power of direction should be regarded not so much as an instrument of dailyuse but rather as an ultimate sanction held in reserve where voluntary methods fail. It is
inconceivable that, in any period or in any conditions that can now be foreseen, any organ of state inGreat Britain would be in a position, even if it had the will, to marshal and deploy the labour forceover the whole economy by military discipline like an army in the field. This, like other nightmares ofa totally planned economy, can be left to those who like to frighten themselves and others withscarecrows.
21.The word “sanction”(Line 2, Paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to.[2分]-----正确答案(A)
Acorrective measuresBencouraging methods
Cpreventive effortsDrevolutionary actions
22.Which of the following is implied in the first paragraph?[2分]-----正确答案(B)
APeople used to be forced to work under whips.
BThe author dislikes the function of politics in economy.
CIncentives are always less available than regulations.DPeople have an instinct of working less and getting more.
23.The author’s attitudes towards future, as is indicated in the beginning of the second paragraph,
is one of.[2分]-----正确答案(A)Areluctant acceptanceBsheer pessimismCmild optimism
Dextreme hopefulness
考研英语模拟题13-考研英语试卷与试题
