初中英语专题汇编虚拟语气(一)
一、初中英语虚拟语气 1.-– Do you feel tired?
--- No, I don’t. If I were tired, I ______a rest. A.had 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
句意:——你感觉累吗?——不累,如果我累了,我会休息。考查虚拟语气。本句是if条件句,对现在的虚拟,用If sb were/did..., sb would/could/should/might do;根据句意结构和语境,故选B。
B.would have
C.will have
D.have
2.The workers insisted that they a free lunch every noon and the boss had to do that.
A.be given B.being given C.will be to give D.were given 【答案】A
【解析】句意:工人们坚持要求他们每天中午都有免费的午餐,老板必须这样做。考查虚拟语气。insist坚持,要求,其后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,跟虚拟式动词原形 或者“should + 动词原形” 。结合句意和语境可知选A。
3.--- If I_______ one million dollars, I would give it to medical research.
---If I _______ you, I would give it to charity.
B.would have, was
C.had, were D.have, is
A.will have, am 【答案】C
【解析】考察虚拟语气。第一空,虚拟语气,与现在相反,用过去时。第二空,虚拟语气,与现在相反,用过去时,be动词用were。故选C
4. If I ____Alice, I _____them the truth. A. was , would tell B. were ,would tell C. am, will tell D.is , will tell 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析:本题的含义是如果我是你,我将告诉他们真相,本题if引导的是一个虚拟的条件句,在虚拟句中,be用were,主句通常用过去的一种,will应该用would,故本题选B。
考点:if引导的虚拟条件句。
点评:在英文中条件句有两种,一种是真实的条件句,if后遇到将来时用一般现在时,一种是虚拟的条件句,if后用过去时,be用were,在英文的实际使用中应该注意它们的区别。
5.If I you, I the job. A.am; will take C.were; would take 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果我是你,我会接受这份工作。结合语境可知本句描述的是与现状相反的事实,故从句用过去时态,主句用过去将来时态。选C。 考点:if引导的条件状语从句
点评:虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构: 1、与现在事实相反
若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反
若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词” 3、与将来事实相反
若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”:
B.was; would take D.are; will take
6.If I ____ a candle, I would light the world bright. A.am B.are C.be D.were 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果我是一根蜡烛,我将点亮这个世界。if I were 如果我是…,were虚拟语气,be动词都用were,故选D 考点:if条件句的虚拟语气
点评:if条件句的虚拟语气,是中考要求掌握的知识点,分为三种情况:
表示与现在事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用一般过去式(be用were),主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do;2.表示与过去的事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用过去完成时,主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might+have done;3.表将来的事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用should+动词/did/were to do,主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do。
7.----What can I do with so much money? ----If I _______ you, I _______ give it away to charity. A.am, will B.am, would C.were, would 【答案】C
D.was, would
【解析】
试题分析:考查虚拟语气。句意 你如何处理这些钱?如果我是你,我会把它捐给慈善机构。表示对现在的虚拟,if引导的从句用一般过去时,语句用would do ,故选C项。 考点:考查虚拟语气。
【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果天气是好的,我们的运动会就不会推迟了。这里是虚拟语气,根据wouldn’t可知这是对现在的虚拟,在条件状语中对现在的虚拟用were;put down 镇压,记下;put up提供; put off推迟。根据句意故选D。 考点:考查虚拟语气的用法。
8. If I _______ you , I _______ do that . A.was , would B.were ; wouldn’t C.am , won’t D.were , won’t 【答案】D
【解析】试题分析:句意:如果我是你,我不会那样做。本句是与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句,从句谓语用动词用过去式(be动词一般用were);主句用should(would,could,might)+ 动词原形。故选D。 考点:虚拟条件句。
9.If I __________you. I would buy a big house for my parents. A.be B.am C.was D.were 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果我是你。我会买一个大房子给我的父母。这道题考查的是假设,所以要用虚拟语气,用过去时。故选D. 考点:考查虚拟语气的用法。
10. If my mother ___ I get a grade of 50 in English exam, she would be angry. A.knows B.knew C.has known D.would know 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果我的母亲知道我英语考试成绩是50分,她会生气的。表示与现在事实相反的事实,该用一般过去时态,所以选B。 考点:考查虚拟语气。
11.Luckily, he wasn’t driving fast at the time of accident; otherwise, I am sure, it _______ a
more serious accident. A.would be 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
句意:幸运的是,事故发生时他没有开快车;否则,我相信,这将是一个更严重的事故。 考查虚拟语气。根据“wasn’t driving”是过去进行时,所以此处是对过去的虚拟,主句时态应用情态动词+have done,故选C。
B.were
C.would have been
D.had been
12._______ in order to sit for the college entrance exam? A.What did she suggest he read C.Did she suggest for him to read 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
句意:为了参加大学入学考试,她建议他读什么书?
考查虚拟语气。suggest表示“建议”时,后接从句用that sb should do,should可省。特殊疑问句的结构是特殊疑问词+be动词(助动词)+主语+其他?故选A。
B.What did she suggest he reads D.Did she suggest what he read
13.If I _______ you, I _______ go there.
A.is; will B.is; would C.were; would D.was; will 【答案】C
【解析】本题考查虚拟语气,if引导的与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。从句用一般过去式,主句用过去将来时。句意:如果我是你的话,我会去那儿的。 1.57.---What would you do if you a million dollars? ---If I you, I’d give it to medical research. A.got, were B.win, am C.won, am D.get, were 【答案】A
【解析】本题是考查的虚拟语气,对于将来的假设,主句用过去将来时,从句用一般过去时,且be动词为were,故选A
2.58.What _____ you _____ if you had a million dollars? A.would, did B.will, do C.would, do D.will, did 【答案】C
【解析】本题是对于虚拟语气的特殊疑问句的考查,根据句子的结构,选C
14.Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn't show up. A.should have arrived C.should have had arrived 【答案】A
B.should arrive D.should be arriving
【解析】
试题分析:句意:怀特先生本来应该在8:30到会,但他却没有出现。should have done:本来应该做某事而实际上没做。故选A 考点:情态动词
15.I’m so busy. If I ______ time, I ______ have a good rest. A.have, would
D.had, will 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析: 句意:我太忙了,如果我有时间,我就会好好休息一下。从句if +过去式,主句would +动词原形,表明与将来相反的虚拟语气,故答案选C. 考点:考查虚拟语气。
B.have, could
C.had, would
16.— Come and join us, Ben!
— I’m afraid I can’t. I’m too busy now. If I ________ time, I would certainly go. A.had B.will have C.have had D.have 【答案】A
【解析】试题分析:试题解析:句意:本,来加入我们吧!——恐怕我不能。我现在太忙。如果我有时间,我一定会去的。结合语境可知条件状语从句中描述的是与现在相反的事实,故条件状语从句中用一般过去时态,故答案为A。 考点:考查虚拟语气。
17.I don’t know if he _______tomorrow.
A. Will come B.comes C.came D.has come 【答案】A
【解析】考查时态。tomorrow 为将来的时间故用一般将来时态,所以选A。
18. —I’m going to Larry’s party. But I don’t know what to wear. —If I ___ you, I _______ wear a dress. A.am; will B.were; will C.were; would D.am; would 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析:根据题干,本句的意思应是“如果我是你,我将穿一件裙子。”“我”是不可能成为“你”,所以本句是一个虚拟语气。对于虚拟语气,从句应该用过去式(be动词,不论是第几人称,都用were),主句用would do。所以本题选C。 考点:本题考查虚拟语气。
点评:完成本题时注意区分虚拟语气和if引导的条件状语从句。虚拟语气是不可能发生