【英语】中考英语虚拟语气试题类型及其解题技巧及解析
一、初中英语虚拟语气
1.---Can you tell me what to wear at the party? ---If I ___you,I___the blue jeans. A.was,will wear 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析:
句意:---你能告诉我穿什么参加聚会吗?---如果我是你,我会穿蓝色的牛仔裤。本题考查的是虚拟条件句中主句和从句的时态问题。用if引导的虚拟条件句,虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设,其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were),主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形,例如:If I were in your position I would marry her.结合语境可知应选C。 考点:考查虚拟语态。
B.am,will wear
C.were,would wear
D.were,wore
2.Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn't show up. A.should have arrived C.should have had arrived 【答案】A 【解析】
试题分析:句意:怀特先生本来应该在8:30到会,但他却没有出现。should have done:本来应该做某事而实际上没做。故选A 考点:情态动词
B.should arrive D.should be arriving
3. If I ____Alice, I _____them the truth. A. was , would tell B. were ,would tell C. am, will tell D.is , will tell 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析:本题的含义是如果我是你,我将告诉他们真相,本题if引导的是一个虚拟的条件句,在虚拟句中,be用were,主句通常用过去的一种,will应该用would,故本题选B。
考点:if引导的虚拟条件句。
点评:在英文中条件句有两种,一种是真实的条件句,if后遇到将来时用一般现在时,一种是虚拟的条件句,if后用过去时,be用were,在英文的实际使用中应该注意它们的区别。
4.If I ________ ten years younger, I _________ piano lessons and go to a music college. A.am; will take B.was; took C.were; will take D.were; would take
【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析:if虚拟语气中,对现在的情况进行虚拟,从句谓语动词均用一般过去时(be动词用were),主句用would/should/could/might+do.句意:如果我再年轻十岁,我会参加钢琴课程并去上音乐大学。故选D. 考点:if条件状语从句的虚拟语气
点评:虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,中考中有所涉及,但不常见。用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。
5.If I __________you. I would buy a big house for my parents. A.be B.am C.was D.were 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果我是你。我会买一个大房子给我的父母。这道题考查的是假设,所以要用虚拟语气,用过去时。故选D. 考点:考查虚拟语气的用法。
6.If I were invited to the party,I _______ a red skirt. A. will wear B. wear C. would wear 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析:如果我被邀请参加聚会,我会穿红色的裙子。此处考查虚拟语气。句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气,与现在事实相反的假设,从句(条件句)动词过去式( be一般用were);主句(结果句) should /would/ could/ might +动词原形。故答案为C。 考点:考查虚拟语气。
7.Luckily, he wasn’t driving fast at the time of accident; otherwise, I am sure, it _______ a more serious accident. A.would be 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
句意:幸运的是,事故发生时他没有开快车;否则,我相信,这将是一个更严重的事故。 考查虚拟语气。根据“wasn’t driving”是过去进行时,所以此处是对过去的虚拟,主句时态应用情态动词+have done,故选C。
B.were
C.would have been
D.had been
8._______ in order to sit for the college entrance exam? A.What did she suggest he read C.Did she suggest for him to read 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
句意:为了参加大学入学考试,她建议他读什么书?
考查虚拟语气。suggest表示“建议”时,后接从句用that sb should do,should可省。特殊疑问句的结构是特殊疑问词+be动词(助动词)+主语+其他?故选A。
B.What did she suggest he reads D.Did she suggest what he read
9.If I _______ you, I _______ go there.
A.is; will B.is; would C.were; would D.was; will 【答案】C
【解析】本题考查虚拟语气,if引导的与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。从句用一般过去式,主句用过去将来时。句意:如果我是你的话,我会去那儿的。 1.57.---What would you do if you a million dollars? ---If I you, I’d give it to medical research. A.got, were B.win, am C.won, am D.get, were 【答案】A
【解析】本题是考查的虚拟语气,对于将来的假设,主句用过去将来时,从句用一般过去时,且be动词为were,故选A
2.58.What _____ you _____ if you had a million dollars? A.would, did B.will, do C.would, do D.will, did 【答案】C
【解析】本题是对于虚拟语气的特殊疑问句的考查,根据句子的结构,选C
10.If I _____ one million dollars, I________ travel around the world with my parents. A.have; will 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析:如果我有一百万美元,我要和我的父母环游世界。结合语境可知主句描述的是将来动作,用将来时态。从句中是对将来的虚拟,故用过去时态。选D。 考点:if引导的条件状语从句
点评:虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构: 1、与现在事实相反
若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”
B.had; will
C.had; will
D.had; would
2、与过去事实相反
若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词” 3、与将来事实相反
若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”:
11.— What would you do if you _______ a million dollars? — I would give it to charity.
A.have B.had C.will have D.would have 【答案】B
【解析】试题分析:句意:-如果你有一百万美元你会做什么?-我会把它捐给慈善事业。have 有;had 过去式;will have 一般将来时;would have 过去将来时。根据句意可知,这里表示的是一个假设的问题,在if引导的条件状语从句中应该用虚拟语气,动词用过去式,故选B。 考点:考查虚拟语气。
12.If I______ you, I would take a small present.. A.am B.was C.were D.are 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果我我你,我会那个小的礼物。句中用虚拟语气,系动词用were,故选C。
考点:考查虚拟语气。
13. I________ a big house for my family if I _____ a lot of money. A.would buy, have C.will buy; had 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果我有很多钱,我要给家人买个大大的房子。句子用虚拟语气,所以动词用过去式,would,had,故选B。 考点:考查虚拟语气。
B.would buy, had
D.will buy, will have
14.If I _______ you, I would say another student could do it better. A.was 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
B.were
C.were
D.are
句意:如果我是你,我会说另一个学生可以把它做得更好。
考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知“现在事实”相反,此句是虚拟语气,be动词使用were;故选A。
15.I’m so busy. If I ______ time, I ______ have a good rest. A.have, would
D.had, will 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析: 句意:我太忙了,如果我有时间,我就会好好休息一下。从句if +过去式,主句would +动词原形,表明与将来相反的虚拟语气,故答案选C. 考点:考查虚拟语气。
B.have, could
C.had, would
16.— Come and join us, Ben!
— I’m afraid I can’t. I’m too busy now. If I ________ time, I would certainly go. A.had B.will have C.have had D.have 【答案】A
【解析】试题分析:试题解析:句意:本,来加入我们吧!——恐怕我不能。我现在太忙。如果我有时间,我一定会去的。结合语境可知条件状语从句中描述的是与现在相反的事实,故条件状语从句中用一般过去时态,故答案为A。 考点:考查虚拟语气。
17.If I______you, I_______go there at once. A.am, would 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果我是你,我会马上去那里。句子用到了虚拟语气,系动词be要用were;will要用过去式would,结合题意故选B。 考点:考查虚拟语气。
B.were, would
C.were, will
D.am, will
18.I don’t know if he _______tomorrow.
A. Will come B.comes C.came D.has come 【答案】A
【解析】考查时态。tomorrow 为将来的时间故用一般将来时态,所以选A。
19. --What would you do if you won a million yuan? -- __________. A.I shall give it to charities B.I will buy snacks
C.I won’t put it in the bank D.I’d give it to medical research 【答案】D