2017年江苏省专转本英语模拟试题1（含答案）
第I卷（共100分）
注意事项：
1、答第I卷前，考生务必按规定要求填涂答题卡上的姓名、准考证号等项目及卷首和第7页上的姓名；
2、用铅笔把答题卡上相应题号中正确答案的标号涂黑。答案不涂在答题卡上，成绩无效。
Part I Reading Comprehension （共20小题，每小题2分，共40分）
Directions: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by four comprehension questions. Read the passage and answer the questions. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. Passage One
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:
Why don’t birds get lost on their long migratory (迁徙的) flight? Scientists have puzzled over this question for many years. Now they are beginning to fill in the blanks.
Not long ago, experiments showed that birds rely on the sun to guide them during daylight hours. But what about birds that fly mainly by night? Tests with artificial (人造的) stars have proved conclusively that certain night-flying birds are able to follow stars in their long-distance flights.
One such bird – a warbler – had spent its lifetime in a cage and had never flown under a natural sky. Yet it showed an inborn ability to use stars for guidance. The bird’s cage was laced under an artificial star-filled sky at migration time. The bird tried to fly in the same direction as that taken by his outdoor cousins. Any change in the position of the artificial stars caused a change in the direction of his flight.
Scientists think that warblers, when flying in daylight, use the sun for guidance. But stars are apparently their main means of directed flight in the night. What do they do when stars are hidden by clouds? Apparently, they find their way by such landmarks as mountain ranges, coast lines and river courses. But when it is too dark to see these, the warblers circle helplessly, unable to find their way.
1. Which of the following is NOT true about migratory bird’s flight? A、Some birds fly mainly by day. B、Some birds fly mainly by night.
C、Birds like to fly during daylight hours.
D、Birds depend on the sun or stars to guide them. 2. What do we know about the experimental warbler? A、It was set free for the experiment. B、It had never flown freely outdoors. C、It had never been placed under the sun. D、It had lost its way in its daylight flight. 3. What do we know about warblers as a whole? A、They do not have intelligence.
B、They tend to take the same route as other birds. C、They do not need to learn to fly in the right way. D、They cannot sense changes in the position of the moon.
4. What does the passage say about warblers’ sense of direction? A、They get lost under star-filled sky. B、They lose their way when it is too dark. C、They are not able to see clearly at night. D、They usually depend on clouds for direction.
5. What does “fill in the blanks” in the first paragraph mean? A、“to do the exercise” B、“to take the test”
C、“to know the right words” D、“to know the answer”
Passage Two
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:
How men first learned to invent words is unknown. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to represent those sounds, and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken or written in letters, we call words.
The power of words, then, lies in their associations – the things they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the happy and sad events of our past; the more we read and learn, the larger the number of words that mean something to us becomes.
Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to out minds and feelings. This attractive use of words is what we call literary style. Above all, the real poet is a master
of words. He can express his meaning in words which sing like music, and, by their position and association, can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them correctly, or they will make our speech dull and silly.
6. Which of the following did men invent first? A、Words B、Sounds C、Signs D、Letters
7. Why did men invent language? A、To be different form animals.
B、To make their ideas known to others. C、To make nice sounds for others to hear. D、To have something to write down with.
8. Which of the following is true of words according to the passage? A、Their power is beyond imagination. B、They last longer than signs or sounds.
C、They remind people of their past experience. D、They enable people to live longer and read more.
9. Why does the author mention “poet” in the last paragraph? A、A poet is full of great thoughts and feelings. B、A poet is an example of good language users.
C、A poet tells of the glad and sad events of his past. D、A poet knows more sounds and words than others. 10. What is the best title of the passage? A、Language and Its Use.
B、Language and Human Experience. C、Poet: A Master of Words.
D、How Language Came into Being.
Passage Three
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
In the 1800s, trains roared into stations. They were symbols of progress and expansion. They played as much of a role in America’s history as presidents and generals.
The first American railroads were built in the late 1820’s. The early railroads provided cheap transportation for shippers and travelers. To encourage the railroads to expand into unsettled land, President Millard Fillmore signed a series of landgrant acts (土地拨赠法案) in the 1850’s. These acts gave the railroad companies ownership of land that ran along the railways. In return for the land, the railroads carried government traffic at reduced rates. The railroad companies sold much of their land to farmers and cattlemen, who then shipped their goods on the trains.
The importance of the railroads became clear during the Civil War. During the war, trains carried troops, arms, and supplies. One reason that the North won the war is that it had more use of the railroads.
Between 1865 and 1900, railroads grew rapidly. The first transcontinental (跨越全洲的) route was completed in 1869. This track made easier for pioneers to cross the Rocky Mountains and settle the West. And the railroads brought new people to the West even before the trains started running. Thousands of Chinese and Irish laborers helped to lay down the tracks.
11. When were the first American railroads built according to the passage? A、Around 1800. B、Around 1830. C、Around 1860. D、Around 1890.
12. Which of the following is NOT a result of the landgrant acts of the 1850’s?
A、The railroads expanded into unsettled lands. B、Farmer and settlers received land for free.
C、The government could pay less for its railroad use. D、Farmers and cattlemen bought land form the railroads.
13. What was one of the reasons that the South was defeated in the Civil War? A、The South was short of military supplies. B、Only the North owned railroads and trains.
C、The South failed to make good use of railroads.
D、The North used railroads to attack the Southern army.
14. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage? A、Railroads grew rapidly between 1865 and 1900. B、Railroad construction created a lot of jobs.
C、Trains carried Chinese and Irish laborers to the West.
D、The first railroad that reached the West was completed in 1866’s. 15. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage? A、Railroads grew rapidly between 1865 and 1900.
B、Railroads played an important role in American history. C、Trains helped pioneers to cross the Rocky Mountains. D、Trains controlled American economy in the 19th century. Passage Four
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:
Humanism originated in the study of classical culture, and humanities disciplines included grammar, rhetoric, history, poetry, and ethics. These subjects were all studied, whenever possible, in the original classical texts. The humanities curriculum conflicted directly with more traditional education that was based on scholasticism (经院哲学). A scholastic education concentrated on the study of logic, natural philosophy, and metaphysics, or the nature of reality. Scholars often
clashed sharply over these two systems of education.
Underlying the differences between these two philosophies was the humanists'deep conviction that society had outgrown older ways of thought. According to the humanists, these ways of thought emphasized abstract speculation and relied too heavily on Christian teachings. Many of the humanists were townspeople who were not directly associated with the church. These urban residents tended to object to an educational system that was largely monopolized by the clergy and oriented to clerical needs. Humanists were accustomed to the ever changing, concrete activities of city life and found the rigid and closed systems of abstract thought to be both useless and irrelevant. In sum, humanism reflected the new environment of the Renaissance(文艺复兴). Its essential contribution to the modern world was not its concern with antiquity, but its flexibility and openness to all the possibilities of life.
Renaissance humanism was complex, with few unifying features beyond a common belief that humanity and society could be improved through a new kind of education based on a study of the classics. Humanists varied widely in the ways they applied these ideas to areas that interested them. Some humanists were mainly interested in rhetoric and Latin prose style, while others analyzed ancient texts to determine exact meanings. One group focused on ways to improve society in general, while Christian humanism applied the techniques of humanist scholarship to the study of church documents, particularly the Bible. 16. Why were the humanities subjects required to be studied in the original classical text?
A The humanists believed that those texts were the best ones. B Humanism took its origin in classical works in many fields. C The humanists disliked their contemporary works.
D The humanists wanted to be different from scholasticism.
17. Humanities curriculum differs from the scholastic education .
A because humanists and scholastic scholars had different assumptions of society B because humanists were not interested in the scholastic curriculum C for many of the humanists were townspeople
D because they were different in religious beliefs 18. Being townspeople, humanists . A enjoyed a better life
B experienced different lives
C were against educational changes D seldom went to churches
19. Humanism during the Renaissance ____
A was not different from other intellectual movements B applied new educational methods in training clergies C brought about great changes in the studies of the Bible
D focused upon the study of the relations between man and society
2017年江苏省专转本英语模拟试题第四套（含答案）
